diff --git a/include/linux/backing-dev.h b/include/linux/backing-dev.h
index 35b0074..f1b402a 100644
--- a/include/linux/backing-dev.h
+++ b/include/linux/backing-dev.h
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@
 void clear_bdi_congested(struct backing_dev_info *bdi, int sync);
 void set_bdi_congested(struct backing_dev_info *bdi, int sync);
 long congestion_wait(int sync, long timeout);
-
+long wait_iff_congested(struct zone *zone, int sync, long timeout);
 
 static inline bool bdi_cap_writeback_dirty(struct backing_dev_info *bdi)
 {
diff --git a/include/linux/mmzone.h b/include/linux/mmzone.h
index c3c17fb..39c24eb 100644
--- a/include/linux/mmzone.h
+++ b/include/linux/mmzone.h
@@ -423,6 +423,9 @@
 typedef enum {
 	ZONE_RECLAIM_LOCKED,		/* prevents concurrent reclaim */
 	ZONE_OOM_LOCKED,		/* zone is in OOM killer zonelist */
+	ZONE_CONGESTED,			/* zone has many dirty pages backed by
+					 * a congested BDI
+					 */
 } zone_flags_t;
 
 static inline void zone_set_flag(struct zone *zone, zone_flags_t flag)
@@ -440,6 +443,11 @@
 	clear_bit(flag, &zone->flags);
 }
 
+static inline int zone_is_reclaim_congested(const struct zone *zone)
+{
+	return test_bit(ZONE_CONGESTED, &zone->flags);
+}
+
 static inline int zone_is_reclaim_locked(const struct zone *zone)
 {
 	return test_bit(ZONE_RECLAIM_LOCKED, &zone->flags);
diff --git a/include/trace/events/writeback.h b/include/trace/events/writeback.h
index d2b26546..89a2b2d 100644
--- a/include/trace/events/writeback.h
+++ b/include/trace/events/writeback.h
@@ -179,6 +179,13 @@
 	TP_ARGS(usec_timeout, usec_delayed)
 );
 
+DEFINE_EVENT(writeback_congest_waited_template, writeback_wait_iff_congested,
+
+	TP_PROTO(unsigned int usec_timeout, unsigned int usec_delayed),
+
+	TP_ARGS(usec_timeout, usec_delayed)
+);
+
 #endif /* _TRACE_WRITEBACK_H */
 
 /* This part must be outside protection */
diff --git a/mm/backing-dev.c b/mm/backing-dev.c
index 5562730..5ad3c10 100644
--- a/mm/backing-dev.c
+++ b/mm/backing-dev.c
@@ -729,6 +729,7 @@
 		__WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD_INITIALIZER(congestion_wqh[0]),
 		__WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD_INITIALIZER(congestion_wqh[1])
 	};
+static atomic_t nr_bdi_congested[2];
 
 void clear_bdi_congested(struct backing_dev_info *bdi, int sync)
 {
@@ -736,7 +737,8 @@
 	wait_queue_head_t *wqh = &congestion_wqh[sync];
 
 	bit = sync ? BDI_sync_congested : BDI_async_congested;
-	clear_bit(bit, &bdi->state);
+	if (test_and_clear_bit(bit, &bdi->state))
+		atomic_dec(&nr_bdi_congested[sync]);
 	smp_mb__after_clear_bit();
 	if (waitqueue_active(wqh))
 		wake_up(wqh);
@@ -748,7 +750,8 @@
 	enum bdi_state bit;
 
 	bit = sync ? BDI_sync_congested : BDI_async_congested;
-	set_bit(bit, &bdi->state);
+	if (!test_and_set_bit(bit, &bdi->state))
+		atomic_inc(&nr_bdi_congested[sync]);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(set_bdi_congested);
 
@@ -779,3 +782,57 @@
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL(congestion_wait);
 
+/**
+ * wait_iff_congested - Conditionally wait for a backing_dev to become uncongested or a zone to complete writes
+ * @zone: A zone to check if it is heavily congested
+ * @sync: SYNC or ASYNC IO
+ * @timeout: timeout in jiffies
+ *
+ * In the event of a congested backing_dev (any backing_dev) and the given
+ * @zone has experienced recent congestion, this waits for up to @timeout
+ * jiffies for either a BDI to exit congestion of the given @sync queue
+ * or a write to complete.
+ *
+ * In the absense of zone congestion, cond_resched() is called to yield
+ * the processor if necessary but otherwise does not sleep.
+ *
+ * The return value is 0 if the sleep is for the full timeout. Otherwise,
+ * it is the number of jiffies that were still remaining when the function
+ * returned. return_value == timeout implies the function did not sleep.
+ */
+long wait_iff_congested(struct zone *zone, int sync, long timeout)
+{
+	long ret;
+	unsigned long start = jiffies;
+	DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
+	wait_queue_head_t *wqh = &congestion_wqh[sync];
+
+	/*
+	 * If there is no congestion, or heavy congestion is not being
+	 * encountered in the current zone, yield if necessary instead
+	 * of sleeping on the congestion queue
+	 */
+	if (atomic_read(&nr_bdi_congested[sync]) == 0 ||
+			!zone_is_reclaim_congested(zone)) {
+		cond_resched();
+
+		/* In case we scheduled, work out time remaining */
+		ret = timeout - (jiffies - start);
+		if (ret < 0)
+			ret = 0;
+
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	/* Sleep until uncongested or a write happens */
+	prepare_to_wait(wqh, &wait, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
+	ret = io_schedule_timeout(timeout);
+	finish_wait(wqh, &wait);
+
+out:
+	trace_writeback_wait_iff_congested(jiffies_to_usecs(timeout),
+					jiffies_to_usecs(jiffies - start));
+
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(wait_iff_congested);
diff --git a/mm/page_alloc.c b/mm/page_alloc.c
index 6a683f8..b13bc5e 100644
--- a/mm/page_alloc.c
+++ b/mm/page_alloc.c
@@ -1907,7 +1907,7 @@
 			preferred_zone, migratetype);
 
 		if (!page && gfp_mask & __GFP_NOFAIL)
-			congestion_wait(BLK_RW_ASYNC, HZ/50);
+			wait_iff_congested(preferred_zone, BLK_RW_ASYNC, HZ/50);
 	} while (!page && (gfp_mask & __GFP_NOFAIL));
 
 	return page;
@@ -2095,7 +2095,7 @@
 	pages_reclaimed += did_some_progress;
 	if (should_alloc_retry(gfp_mask, order, pages_reclaimed)) {
 		/* Wait for some write requests to complete then retry */
-		congestion_wait(BLK_RW_ASYNC, HZ/50);
+		wait_iff_congested(preferred_zone, BLK_RW_ASYNC, HZ/50);
 		goto rebalance;
 	}
 
diff --git a/mm/vmscan.c b/mm/vmscan.c
index 130ad02..30fd658 100644
--- a/mm/vmscan.c
+++ b/mm/vmscan.c
@@ -401,10 +401,8 @@
 	}
 	if (mapping->a_ops->writepage == NULL)
 		return PAGE_ACTIVATE;
-	if (!may_write_to_queue(mapping->backing_dev_info, sc)) {
-		disable_lumpy_reclaim_mode(sc);
+	if (!may_write_to_queue(mapping->backing_dev_info, sc))
 		return PAGE_KEEP;
-	}
 
 	if (clear_page_dirty_for_io(page)) {
 		int res;
@@ -681,11 +679,14 @@
  * shrink_page_list() returns the number of reclaimed pages
  */
 static unsigned long shrink_page_list(struct list_head *page_list,
+				      struct zone *zone,
 				      struct scan_control *sc)
 {
 	LIST_HEAD(ret_pages);
 	LIST_HEAD(free_pages);
 	int pgactivate = 0;
+	unsigned long nr_dirty = 0;
+	unsigned long nr_congested = 0;
 	unsigned long nr_reclaimed = 0;
 
 	cond_resched();
@@ -705,6 +706,7 @@
 			goto keep;
 
 		VM_BUG_ON(PageActive(page));
+		VM_BUG_ON(page_zone(page) != zone);
 
 		sc->nr_scanned++;
 
@@ -782,6 +784,8 @@
 		}
 
 		if (PageDirty(page)) {
+			nr_dirty++;
+
 			if (references == PAGEREF_RECLAIM_CLEAN)
 				goto keep_locked;
 			if (!may_enter_fs)
@@ -792,6 +796,7 @@
 			/* Page is dirty, try to write it out here */
 			switch (pageout(page, mapping, sc)) {
 			case PAGE_KEEP:
+				nr_congested++;
 				goto keep_locked;
 			case PAGE_ACTIVATE:
 				goto activate_locked;
@@ -902,6 +907,15 @@
 		VM_BUG_ON(PageLRU(page) || PageUnevictable(page));
 	}
 
+	/*
+	 * Tag a zone as congested if all the dirty pages encountered were
+	 * backed by a congested BDI. In this case, reclaimers should just
+	 * back off and wait for congestion to clear because further reclaim
+	 * will encounter the same problem
+	 */
+	if (nr_dirty == nr_congested)
+		zone_set_flag(zone, ZONE_CONGESTED);
+
 	free_page_list(&free_pages);
 
 	list_splice(&ret_pages, page_list);
@@ -1386,12 +1400,12 @@
 
 	spin_unlock_irq(&zone->lru_lock);
 
-	nr_reclaimed = shrink_page_list(&page_list, sc);
+	nr_reclaimed = shrink_page_list(&page_list, zone, sc);
 
 	/* Check if we should syncronously wait for writeback */
 	if (should_reclaim_stall(nr_taken, nr_reclaimed, priority, sc)) {
 		set_lumpy_reclaim_mode(priority, sc, true);
-		nr_reclaimed += shrink_page_list(&page_list, sc);
+		nr_reclaimed += shrink_page_list(&page_list, zone, sc);
 	}
 
 	local_irq_disable();
@@ -1982,8 +1996,13 @@
 
 		/* Take a nap, wait for some writeback to complete */
 		if (!sc->hibernation_mode && sc->nr_scanned &&
-		    priority < DEF_PRIORITY - 2)
-			congestion_wait(BLK_RW_ASYNC, HZ/10);
+		    priority < DEF_PRIORITY - 2) {
+			struct zone *preferred_zone;
+
+			first_zones_zonelist(zonelist, gfp_zone(sc->gfp_mask),
+							NULL, &preferred_zone);
+			wait_iff_congested(preferred_zone, BLK_RW_ASYNC, HZ/10);
+		}
 	}
 
 out:
@@ -2282,6 +2301,15 @@
 				if (!zone_watermark_ok(zone, order,
 					    min_wmark_pages(zone), end_zone, 0))
 					has_under_min_watermark_zone = 1;
+			} else {
+				/*
+				 * If a zone reaches its high watermark,
+				 * consider it to be no longer congested. It's
+				 * possible there are dirty pages backed by
+				 * congested BDIs but as pressure is relieved,
+				 * spectulatively avoid congestion waits
+				 */
+				zone_clear_flag(zone, ZONE_CONGESTED);
 			}
 
 		}