diff --git a/fs/f2fs/gc.c b/fs/f2fs/gc.c
index 16fdec3..52d3a39 100644
--- a/fs/f2fs/gc.c
+++ b/fs/f2fs/gc.c
@@ -78,7 +78,8 @@
 
 		sbi->bg_gc++;
 
-		if (f2fs_gc(sbi) == GC_NONE)
+		/* if return value is not zero, no victim was selected */
+		if (f2fs_gc(sbi))
 			wait_ms = GC_THREAD_NOGC_SLEEP_TIME;
 		else if (wait_ms == GC_THREAD_NOGC_SLEEP_TIME)
 			wait_ms = GC_THREAD_MAX_SLEEP_TIME;
@@ -360,7 +361,7 @@
 	sentry = get_seg_entry(sbi, segno);
 	ret = f2fs_test_bit(offset, sentry->cur_valid_map);
 	mutex_unlock(&sit_i->sentry_lock);
-	return ret ? GC_OK : GC_NEXT;
+	return ret;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -368,7 +369,7 @@
  * On validity, copy that node with cold status, otherwise (invalid node)
  * ignore that.
  */
-static int gc_node_segment(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
+static void gc_node_segment(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi,
 		struct f2fs_summary *sum, unsigned int segno, int gc_type)
 {
 	bool initial = true;
@@ -380,21 +381,12 @@
 	for (off = 0; off < sbi->blocks_per_seg; off++, entry++) {
 		nid_t nid = le32_to_cpu(entry->nid);
 		struct page *node_page;
-		int err;
 
-		/*
-		 * It makes sure that free segments are able to write
-		 * all the dirty node pages before CP after this CP.
-		 * So let's check the space of dirty node pages.
-		 */
-		if (should_do_checkpoint(sbi)) {
-			mutex_lock(&sbi->cp_mutex);
-			block_operations(sbi);
-			return GC_BLOCKED;
-		}
+		/* stop BG_GC if there is not enough free sections. */
+		if (gc_type == BG_GC && has_not_enough_free_secs(sbi, 0))
+			return;
 
-		err = check_valid_map(sbi, segno, off);
-		if (err == GC_NEXT)
+		if (check_valid_map(sbi, segno, off) == 0)
 			continue;
 
 		if (initial) {
@@ -424,7 +416,6 @@
 		};
 		sync_node_pages(sbi, 0, &wbc);
 	}
-	return GC_DONE;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -467,13 +458,13 @@
 
 	node_page = get_node_page(sbi, nid);
 	if (IS_ERR(node_page))
-		return GC_NEXT;
+		return 0;
 
 	get_node_info(sbi, nid, dni);
 
 	if (sum->version != dni->version) {
 		f2fs_put_page(node_page, 1);
-		return GC_NEXT;
+		return 0;
 	}
 
 	*nofs = ofs_of_node(node_page);
@@ -481,8 +472,8 @@
 	f2fs_put_page(node_page, 1);
 
 	if (source_blkaddr != blkaddr)
-		return GC_NEXT;
-	return GC_OK;
+		return 0;
+	return 1;
 }
 
 static void move_data_page(struct inode *inode, struct page *page, int gc_type)
@@ -523,13 +514,13 @@
  * If the parent node is not valid or the data block address is different,
  * the victim data block is ignored.
  */
-static int gc_data_segment(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, struct f2fs_summary *sum,
+static void gc_data_segment(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, struct f2fs_summary *sum,
 		struct list_head *ilist, unsigned int segno, int gc_type)
 {
 	struct super_block *sb = sbi->sb;
 	struct f2fs_summary *entry;
 	block_t start_addr;
-	int err, off;
+	int off;
 	int phase = 0;
 
 	start_addr = START_BLOCK(sbi, segno);
@@ -543,20 +534,11 @@
 		unsigned int ofs_in_node, nofs;
 		block_t start_bidx;
 
-		/*
-		 * It makes sure that free segments are able to write
-		 * all the dirty node pages before CP after this CP.
-		 * So let's check the space of dirty node pages.
-		 */
-		if (should_do_checkpoint(sbi)) {
-			mutex_lock(&sbi->cp_mutex);
-			block_operations(sbi);
-			err = GC_BLOCKED;
-			goto stop;
-		}
+		/* stop BG_GC if there is not enough free sections. */
+		if (gc_type == BG_GC && has_not_enough_free_secs(sbi, 0))
+			return;
 
-		err = check_valid_map(sbi, segno, off);
-		if (err == GC_NEXT)
+		if (check_valid_map(sbi, segno, off) == 0)
 			continue;
 
 		if (phase == 0) {
@@ -565,8 +547,7 @@
 		}
 
 		/* Get an inode by ino with checking validity */
-		err = check_dnode(sbi, entry, &dni, start_addr + off, &nofs);
-		if (err == GC_NEXT)
+		if (check_dnode(sbi, entry, &dni, start_addr + off, &nofs) == 0)
 			continue;
 
 		if (phase == 1) {
@@ -606,11 +587,9 @@
 	}
 	if (++phase < 4)
 		goto next_step;
-	err = GC_DONE;
-stop:
+
 	if (gc_type == FG_GC)
 		f2fs_submit_bio(sbi, DATA, true);
-	return err;
 }
 
 static int __get_victim(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, unsigned int *victim,
@@ -624,17 +603,16 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static int do_garbage_collect(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, unsigned int segno,
+static void do_garbage_collect(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi, unsigned int segno,
 				struct list_head *ilist, int gc_type)
 {
 	struct page *sum_page;
 	struct f2fs_summary_block *sum;
-	int ret = GC_DONE;
 
 	/* read segment summary of victim */
 	sum_page = get_sum_page(sbi, segno);
 	if (IS_ERR(sum_page))
-		return GC_ERROR;
+		return;
 
 	/*
 	 * CP needs to lock sum_page. In this time, we don't need
@@ -646,17 +624,16 @@
 
 	switch (GET_SUM_TYPE((&sum->footer))) {
 	case SUM_TYPE_NODE:
-		ret = gc_node_segment(sbi, sum->entries, segno, gc_type);
+		gc_node_segment(sbi, sum->entries, segno, gc_type);
 		break;
 	case SUM_TYPE_DATA:
-		ret = gc_data_segment(sbi, sum->entries, ilist, segno, gc_type);
+		gc_data_segment(sbi, sum->entries, ilist, segno, gc_type);
 		break;
 	}
 	stat_inc_seg_count(sbi, GET_SUM_TYPE((&sum->footer)));
 	stat_inc_call_count(sbi->stat_info);
 
 	f2fs_put_page(sum_page, 0);
-	return ret;
 }
 
 int f2fs_gc(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)
@@ -664,40 +641,38 @@
 	struct list_head ilist;
 	unsigned int segno, i;
 	int gc_type = BG_GC;
-	int gc_status = GC_NONE;
+	int nfree = 0;
+	int ret = -1;
 
 	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ilist);
 gc_more:
 	if (!(sbi->sb->s_flags & MS_ACTIVE))
 		goto stop;
 
-	if (gc_type == BG_GC && has_not_enough_free_secs(sbi))
+	if (gc_type == BG_GC && has_not_enough_free_secs(sbi, nfree))
 		gc_type = FG_GC;
 
 	if (!__get_victim(sbi, &segno, gc_type, NO_CHECK_TYPE))
 		goto stop;
+	ret = 0;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < sbi->segs_per_sec; i++) {
-		/*
-		 * do_garbage_collect will give us three gc_status:
-		 * GC_ERROR, GC_DONE, and GC_BLOCKED.
-		 * If GC is finished uncleanly, we have to return
-		 * the victim to dirty segment list.
-		 */
-		gc_status = do_garbage_collect(sbi, segno + i, &ilist, gc_type);
-		if (gc_status != GC_DONE)
-			break;
-	}
-	if (has_not_enough_free_secs(sbi)) {
-		write_checkpoint(sbi, (gc_status == GC_BLOCKED), false);
-		if (has_not_enough_free_secs(sbi))
-			goto gc_more;
-	}
+	for (i = 0; i < sbi->segs_per_sec; i++)
+		do_garbage_collect(sbi, segno + i, &ilist, gc_type);
+
+	if (gc_type == FG_GC &&
+			get_valid_blocks(sbi, segno, sbi->segs_per_sec) == 0)
+		nfree++;
+
+	if (has_not_enough_free_secs(sbi, nfree))
+		goto gc_more;
+
+	if (gc_type == FG_GC)
+		write_checkpoint(sbi, false);
 stop:
 	mutex_unlock(&sbi->gc_mutex);
 
 	put_gc_inode(&ilist);
-	return gc_status;
+	return ret;
 }
 
 void build_gc_manager(struct f2fs_sb_info *sbi)