diff --git a/samples/vfio-mdev/mdpy.c b/samples/vfio-mdev/mdpy.c
index e8c46eb..bb2af1e 100644
--- a/samples/vfio-mdev/mdpy.c
+++ b/samples/vfio-mdev/mdpy.c
@@ -216,63 +216,79 @@ static int mdpy_reset(struct mdev_state *mdev_state)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int mdpy_probe(struct mdev_device *mdev)
+static int mdpy_init_dev(struct vfio_device *vdev)
 {
+	struct mdev_state *mdev_state =
+		container_of(vdev, struct mdev_state, vdev);
+	struct mdev_device *mdev = to_mdev_device(vdev->dev);
 	const struct mdpy_type *type =
 		&mdpy_types[mdev_get_type_group_id(mdev)];
-	struct device *dev = mdev_dev(mdev);
-	struct mdev_state *mdev_state;
 	u32 fbsize;
-	int ret;
+	int ret = -ENOMEM;
 
 	if (mdpy_count >= max_devices)
-		return -ENOMEM;
-
-	mdev_state = kzalloc(sizeof(struct mdev_state), GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (mdev_state == NULL)
-		return -ENOMEM;
-	vfio_init_group_dev(&mdev_state->vdev, &mdev->dev, &mdpy_dev_ops);
+		return ret;
 
 	mdev_state->vconfig = kzalloc(MDPY_CONFIG_SPACE_SIZE, GFP_KERNEL);
-	if (mdev_state->vconfig == NULL) {
-		ret = -ENOMEM;
-		goto err_state;
-	}
+	if (!mdev_state->vconfig)
+		return ret;
 
 	fbsize = roundup_pow_of_two(type->width * type->height * type->bytepp);
 
 	mdev_state->memblk = vmalloc_user(fbsize);
-	if (!mdev_state->memblk) {
-		ret = -ENOMEM;
-		goto err_vconfig;
-	}
-	dev_info(dev, "%s: %s (%dx%d)\n", __func__, type->name, type->width,
-		 type->height);
+	if (!mdev_state->memblk)
+		goto out_vconfig;
 
 	mutex_init(&mdev_state->ops_lock);
 	mdev_state->mdev = mdev;
-	mdev_state->type    = type;
+	mdev_state->type = type;
 	mdev_state->memsize = fbsize;
 	mdpy_create_config_space(mdev_state);
 	mdpy_reset(mdev_state);
 
+	dev_info(vdev->dev, "%s: %s (%dx%d)\n", __func__, type->name, type->width,
+		 type->height);
+
 	mdpy_count++;
+	return 0;
+
+out_vconfig:
+	kfree(mdev_state->vconfig);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int mdpy_probe(struct mdev_device *mdev)
+{
+	struct mdev_state *mdev_state;
+	int ret;
+
+	mdev_state = vfio_alloc_device(mdev_state, vdev, &mdev->dev,
+				       &mdpy_dev_ops);
+	if (IS_ERR(mdev_state))
+		return PTR_ERR(mdev_state);
 
 	ret = vfio_register_emulated_iommu_dev(&mdev_state->vdev);
 	if (ret)
-		goto err_mem;
+		goto err_put_vdev;
 	dev_set_drvdata(&mdev->dev, mdev_state);
 	return 0;
-err_mem:
-	vfree(mdev_state->memblk);
-err_vconfig:
-	kfree(mdev_state->vconfig);
-err_state:
-	vfio_uninit_group_dev(&mdev_state->vdev);
-	kfree(mdev_state);
+
+err_put_vdev:
+	vfio_put_device(&mdev_state->vdev);
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static void mdpy_release_dev(struct vfio_device *vdev)
+{
+	struct mdev_state *mdev_state =
+		container_of(vdev, struct mdev_state, vdev);
+
+	mdpy_count--;
+	vfree(mdev_state->memblk);
+	kfree(mdev_state->vconfig);
+	vfio_free_device(vdev);
+}
+
 static void mdpy_remove(struct mdev_device *mdev)
 {
 	struct mdev_state *mdev_state = dev_get_drvdata(&mdev->dev);
@@ -280,12 +296,7 @@ static void mdpy_remove(struct mdev_device *mdev)
 	dev_info(&mdev->dev, "%s\n", __func__);
 
 	vfio_unregister_group_dev(&mdev_state->vdev);
-	vfree(mdev_state->memblk);
-	kfree(mdev_state->vconfig);
-	vfio_uninit_group_dev(&mdev_state->vdev);
-	kfree(mdev_state);
-
-	mdpy_count--;
+	vfio_put_device(&mdev_state->vdev);
 }
 
 static ssize_t mdpy_read(struct vfio_device *vdev, char __user *buf,
@@ -708,6 +719,8 @@ static struct attribute_group *mdev_type_groups[] = {
 };
 
 static const struct vfio_device_ops mdpy_dev_ops = {
+	.init = mdpy_init_dev,
+	.release = mdpy_release_dev,
 	.read = mdpy_read,
 	.write = mdpy_write,
 	.ioctl = mdpy_ioctl,