cgroups: use css id in swap cgroup for saving memory v5
Try to use CSS ID for records in swap_cgroup. By this, on 64bit machine,
size of swap_cgroup goes down to 2 bytes from 8bytes.
This means, when 2GB of swap is equipped, (assume the page size is 4096bytes)
From size of swap_cgroup = 2G/4k * 8 = 4Mbytes.
To size of swap_cgroup = 2G/4k * 2 = 1Mbytes.
Reduction is large. Of course, there are trade-offs. This CSS ID will
add overhead to swap-in/swap-out/swap-free.
But in general,
- swap is a resource which the user tend to avoid use.
- If swap is never used, swap_cgroup area is not used.
- Reading traditional manuals, size of swap should be proportional to
size of memory. Memory size of machine is increasing now.
I think reducing size of swap_cgroup makes sense.
Note:
- ID->CSS lookup routine has no locks, it's under RCU-Read-Side.
- memcg can be obsolete at rmdir() but not freed while refcnt from
swap_cgroup is available.
Changelog v4->v5:
- reworked on to memcg-charge-swapcache-to-proper-memcg.patch
Changlog ->v4:
- fixed not configured case.
- deleted unnecessary comments.
- fixed NULL pointer bug.
- fixed message in dmesg.
[nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp: css_tryget can be called twice in !PageCgroupUsed case]
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizf@cn.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <balbir@in.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Menage <menage@google.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Daisuke Nishimura <nishimura@mxp.nes.nec.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
diff --git a/include/linux/page_cgroup.h b/include/linux/page_cgroup.h
index 602cc1f..7339c7b 100644
--- a/include/linux/page_cgroup.h
+++ b/include/linux/page_cgroup.h
@@ -91,24 +91,23 @@
#ifdef CONFIG_CGROUP_MEM_RES_CTLR_SWAP
#include <linux/swap.h>
-extern struct mem_cgroup *
-swap_cgroup_record(swp_entry_t ent, struct mem_cgroup *mem);
-extern struct mem_cgroup *lookup_swap_cgroup(swp_entry_t ent);
+extern unsigned short swap_cgroup_record(swp_entry_t ent, unsigned short id);
+extern unsigned short lookup_swap_cgroup(swp_entry_t ent);
extern int swap_cgroup_swapon(int type, unsigned long max_pages);
extern void swap_cgroup_swapoff(int type);
#else
#include <linux/swap.h>
static inline
-struct mem_cgroup *swap_cgroup_record(swp_entry_t ent, struct mem_cgroup *mem)
+unsigned short swap_cgroup_record(swp_entry_t ent, unsigned short id)
{
- return NULL;
+ return 0;
}
static inline
-struct mem_cgroup *lookup_swap_cgroup(swp_entry_t ent)
+unsigned short lookup_swap_cgroup(swp_entry_t ent)
{
- return NULL;
+ return 0;
}
static inline int
diff --git a/mm/memcontrol.c b/mm/memcontrol.c
index 81b0ae8..55dea59 100644
--- a/mm/memcontrol.c
+++ b/mm/memcontrol.c
@@ -991,10 +991,31 @@
return -ENOMEM;
}
+
+/*
+ * A helper function to get mem_cgroup from ID. must be called under
+ * rcu_read_lock(). The caller must check css_is_removed() or some if
+ * it's concern. (dropping refcnt from swap can be called against removed
+ * memcg.)
+ */
+static struct mem_cgroup *mem_cgroup_lookup(unsigned short id)
+{
+ struct cgroup_subsys_state *css;
+
+ /* ID 0 is unused ID */
+ if (!id)
+ return NULL;
+ css = css_lookup(&mem_cgroup_subsys, id);
+ if (!css)
+ return NULL;
+ return container_of(css, struct mem_cgroup, css);
+}
+
static struct mem_cgroup *try_get_mem_cgroup_from_swapcache(struct page *page)
{
struct mem_cgroup *mem;
struct page_cgroup *pc;
+ unsigned short id;
swp_entry_t ent;
VM_BUG_ON(!PageLocked(page));
@@ -1006,16 +1027,19 @@
/*
* Used bit of swapcache is solid under page lock.
*/
- if (PageCgroupUsed(pc))
+ if (PageCgroupUsed(pc)) {
mem = pc->mem_cgroup;
- else {
+ if (mem && !css_tryget(&mem->css))
+ mem = NULL;
+ } else {
ent.val = page_private(page);
- mem = lookup_swap_cgroup(ent);
+ id = lookup_swap_cgroup(ent);
+ rcu_read_lock();
+ mem = mem_cgroup_lookup(id);
+ if (mem && !css_tryget(&mem->css))
+ mem = NULL;
+ rcu_read_unlock();
}
- if (!mem)
- return NULL;
- if (!css_tryget(&mem->css))
- return NULL;
return mem;
}
@@ -1276,12 +1300,22 @@
if (do_swap_account && !ret && PageSwapCache(page)) {
swp_entry_t ent = {.val = page_private(page)};
+ unsigned short id;
/* avoid double counting */
- mem = swap_cgroup_record(ent, NULL);
+ id = swap_cgroup_record(ent, 0);
+ rcu_read_lock();
+ mem = mem_cgroup_lookup(id);
if (mem) {
+ /*
+ * We did swap-in. Then, this entry is doubly counted
+ * both in mem and memsw. We uncharge it, here.
+ * Recorded ID can be obsolete. We avoid calling
+ * css_tryget()
+ */
res_counter_uncharge(&mem->memsw, PAGE_SIZE);
mem_cgroup_put(mem);
}
+ rcu_read_unlock();
}
return ret;
}
@@ -1346,13 +1380,21 @@
*/
if (do_swap_account && PageSwapCache(page)) {
swp_entry_t ent = {.val = page_private(page)};
+ unsigned short id;
struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
- memcg = swap_cgroup_record(ent, NULL);
+
+ id = swap_cgroup_record(ent, 0);
+ rcu_read_lock();
+ memcg = mem_cgroup_lookup(id);
if (memcg) {
+ /*
+ * This recorded memcg can be obsolete one. So, avoid
+ * calling css_tryget
+ */
res_counter_uncharge(&memcg->memsw, PAGE_SIZE);
mem_cgroup_put(memcg);
}
-
+ rcu_read_unlock();
}
/* add this page(page_cgroup) to the LRU we want. */
@@ -1473,7 +1515,7 @@
MEM_CGROUP_CHARGE_TYPE_SWAPOUT);
/* record memcg information */
if (do_swap_account && memcg) {
- swap_cgroup_record(ent, memcg);
+ swap_cgroup_record(ent, css_id(&memcg->css));
mem_cgroup_get(memcg);
}
if (memcg)
@@ -1488,15 +1530,23 @@
void mem_cgroup_uncharge_swap(swp_entry_t ent)
{
struct mem_cgroup *memcg;
+ unsigned short id;
if (!do_swap_account)
return;
- memcg = swap_cgroup_record(ent, NULL);
+ id = swap_cgroup_record(ent, 0);
+ rcu_read_lock();
+ memcg = mem_cgroup_lookup(id);
if (memcg) {
+ /*
+ * We uncharge this because swap is freed.
+ * This memcg can be obsolete one. We avoid calling css_tryget
+ */
res_counter_uncharge(&memcg->memsw, PAGE_SIZE);
mem_cgroup_put(memcg);
}
+ rcu_read_unlock();
}
#endif
diff --git a/mm/page_cgroup.c b/mm/page_cgroup.c
index ceecfbb..ebf81074 100644
--- a/mm/page_cgroup.c
+++ b/mm/page_cgroup.c
@@ -285,12 +285,8 @@
struct swap_cgroup_ctrl swap_cgroup_ctrl[MAX_SWAPFILES];
-/*
- * This 8bytes seems big..maybe we can reduce this when we can use "id" for
- * cgroup rather than pointer.
- */
struct swap_cgroup {
- struct mem_cgroup *val;
+ unsigned short id;
};
#define SC_PER_PAGE (PAGE_SIZE/sizeof(struct swap_cgroup))
#define SC_POS_MASK (SC_PER_PAGE - 1)
@@ -342,10 +338,10 @@
* @ent: swap entry to be recorded into
* @mem: mem_cgroup to be recorded
*
- * Returns old value at success, NULL at failure.
- * (Of course, old value can be NULL.)
+ * Returns old value at success, 0 at failure.
+ * (Of course, old value can be 0.)
*/
-struct mem_cgroup *swap_cgroup_record(swp_entry_t ent, struct mem_cgroup *mem)
+unsigned short swap_cgroup_record(swp_entry_t ent, unsigned short id)
{
int type = swp_type(ent);
unsigned long offset = swp_offset(ent);
@@ -354,18 +350,18 @@
struct swap_cgroup_ctrl *ctrl;
struct page *mappage;
struct swap_cgroup *sc;
- struct mem_cgroup *old;
+ unsigned short old;
if (!do_swap_account)
- return NULL;
+ return 0;
ctrl = &swap_cgroup_ctrl[type];
mappage = ctrl->map[idx];
sc = page_address(mappage);
sc += pos;
- old = sc->val;
- sc->val = mem;
+ old = sc->id;
+ sc->id = id;
return old;
}
@@ -374,9 +370,9 @@
* lookup_swap_cgroup - lookup mem_cgroup tied to swap entry
* @ent: swap entry to be looked up.
*
- * Returns pointer to mem_cgroup at success. NULL at failure.
+ * Returns CSS ID of mem_cgroup at success. 0 at failure. (0 is invalid ID)
*/
-struct mem_cgroup *lookup_swap_cgroup(swp_entry_t ent)
+unsigned short lookup_swap_cgroup(swp_entry_t ent)
{
int type = swp_type(ent);
unsigned long offset = swp_offset(ent);
@@ -385,16 +381,16 @@
struct swap_cgroup_ctrl *ctrl;
struct page *mappage;
struct swap_cgroup *sc;
- struct mem_cgroup *ret;
+ unsigned short ret;
if (!do_swap_account)
- return NULL;
+ return 0;
ctrl = &swap_cgroup_ctrl[type];
mappage = ctrl->map[idx];
sc = page_address(mappage);
sc += pos;
- ret = sc->val;
+ ret = sc->id;
return ret;
}
@@ -432,7 +428,7 @@
printk(KERN_INFO
"swap_cgroup: uses %ld bytes of vmalloc for pointer array space"
- " and %ld bytes to hold mem_cgroup pointers on swap\n",
+ " and %ld bytes to hold mem_cgroup information per swap ents\n",
array_size, length * PAGE_SIZE);
printk(KERN_INFO
"swap_cgroup can be disabled by noswapaccount boot option.\n");
