License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
diff --git a/fs/9p/Makefile b/fs/9p/Makefile
index 9619cca..e7800a5 100644
--- a/fs/9p/Makefile
+++ b/fs/9p/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
obj-$(CONFIG_9P_FS) := 9p.o
9p-objs := \
diff --git a/fs/Makefile b/fs/Makefile
index 7bbaca9..ef772f1 100644
--- a/fs/Makefile
+++ b/fs/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for the Linux filesystems.
#
diff --git a/fs/adfs/adfs.h b/fs/adfs/adfs.h
index fadf408..c76db75 100644
--- a/fs/adfs/adfs.h
+++ b/fs/adfs/adfs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/adfs_fs.h>
diff --git a/fs/adfs/file.c b/fs/adfs/file.c
index 46c0d56..754afb1 100644
--- a/fs/adfs/file.c
+++ b/fs/adfs/file.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/adfs/file.c
*
diff --git a/fs/affs/affs.h b/fs/affs/affs.h
index 773749b..a92eb6a 100644
--- a/fs/affs/affs.h
+++ b/fs/affs/affs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifdef pr_fmt
#undef pr_fmt
#endif
diff --git a/fs/affs/amigaffs.c b/fs/affs/amigaffs.c
index 8cf941c3..185d5ab 100644
--- a/fs/affs/amigaffs.c
+++ b/fs/affs/amigaffs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/affs/amigaffs.c
*
diff --git a/fs/affs/amigaffs.h b/fs/affs/amigaffs.h
index 43b41c0..f9bef90 100644
--- a/fs/affs/amigaffs.h
+++ b/fs/affs/amigaffs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef AMIGAFFS_H
#define AMIGAFFS_H
diff --git a/fs/affs/bitmap.c b/fs/affs/bitmap.c
index 2b21124..2b13996 100644
--- a/fs/affs/bitmap.c
+++ b/fs/affs/bitmap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/affs/bitmap.c
*
diff --git a/fs/affs/dir.c b/fs/affs/dir.c
index 591ecd7..a105e77 100644
--- a/fs/affs/dir.c
+++ b/fs/affs/dir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/affs/dir.c
*
diff --git a/fs/affs/file.c b/fs/affs/file.c
index 0033181..a85817f 100644
--- a/fs/affs/file.c
+++ b/fs/affs/file.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/affs/file.c
*
diff --git a/fs/affs/inode.c b/fs/affs/inode.c
index fd4ef3c..73598bf 100644
--- a/fs/affs/inode.c
+++ b/fs/affs/inode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/affs/inode.c
*
diff --git a/fs/affs/namei.c b/fs/affs/namei.c
index 46d3ace..d8aa0ae 100644
--- a/fs/affs/namei.c
+++ b/fs/affs/namei.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/affs/namei.c
*
diff --git a/fs/affs/symlink.c b/fs/affs/symlink.c
index ae622cd..a7531b2 100644
--- a/fs/affs/symlink.c
+++ b/fs/affs/symlink.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/affs/symlink.c
*
diff --git a/fs/afs/Makefile b/fs/afs/Makefile
index 095c541..64114820 100644
--- a/fs/afs/Makefile
+++ b/fs/afs/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for Red Hat Linux AFS client.
#
diff --git a/fs/afs/netdevices.c b/fs/afs/netdevices.c
index 40b2bab..50bd5bb 100644
--- a/fs/afs/netdevices.c
+++ b/fs/afs/netdevices.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/* AFS network device helpers
*
* Copyright (c) 2007 Patrick McHardy <kaber@trash.net>
diff --git a/fs/attr.c b/fs/attr.c
index 1353041..12ffdb6 100644
--- a/fs/attr.c
+++ b/fs/attr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/attr.c
*
diff --git a/fs/bad_inode.c b/fs/bad_inode.c
index bb53728..213b51d 100644
--- a/fs/bad_inode.c
+++ b/fs/bad_inode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/bad_inode.c
*
diff --git a/fs/befs/befs.h b/fs/befs/befs.h
index b914cfb..7cd4724 100644
--- a/fs/befs/befs.h
+++ b/fs/befs/befs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* befs.h
*
diff --git a/fs/befs/befs_fs_types.h b/fs/befs/befs_fs_types.h
index 69c9d8c..8019fde 100644
--- a/fs/befs/befs_fs_types.h
+++ b/fs/befs/befs_fs_types.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* fs/befs/befs_fs_types.h
*
diff --git a/fs/befs/btree.h b/fs/befs/btree.h
index 60c6c72..a253a62 100644
--- a/fs/befs/btree.h
+++ b/fs/befs/btree.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* btree.h
*
diff --git a/fs/befs/datastream.c b/fs/befs/datastream.c
index 720b3bc..97719a7 100644
--- a/fs/befs/datastream.c
+++ b/fs/befs/datastream.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/befs/datastream.c
*
diff --git a/fs/befs/datastream.h b/fs/befs/datastream.h
index 7ff9ff0..39b1d47 100644
--- a/fs/befs/datastream.h
+++ b/fs/befs/datastream.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* datastream.h
*
diff --git a/fs/befs/debug.c b/fs/befs/debug.c
index 36656c8..eb7bd6c 100644
--- a/fs/befs/debug.c
+++ b/fs/befs/debug.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/befs/debug.c
*
diff --git a/fs/befs/endian.h b/fs/befs/endian.h
index 2722387..bb55a54 100644
--- a/fs/befs/endian.h
+++ b/fs/befs/endian.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* linux/fs/befs/endian.h
*
diff --git a/fs/befs/inode.c b/fs/befs/inode.c
index 5367a64..791b46a 100644
--- a/fs/befs/inode.c
+++ b/fs/befs/inode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* inode.c
*
diff --git a/fs/befs/io.c b/fs/befs/io.c
index 227cb86..2caf50a 100644
--- a/fs/befs/io.c
+++ b/fs/befs/io.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/befs/io.c
*
diff --git a/fs/bfs/bfs.h b/fs/bfs/bfs.h
index f40006d..67aef3b 100644
--- a/fs/bfs/bfs.h
+++ b/fs/bfs/bfs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* fs/bfs/bfs.h
* Copyright (C) 1999 Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
diff --git a/fs/bfs/dir.c b/fs/bfs/dir.c
index 3e5ac30..ee832ca 100644
--- a/fs/bfs/dir.c
+++ b/fs/bfs/dir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* fs/bfs/dir.c
* BFS directory operations.
diff --git a/fs/bfs/file.c b/fs/bfs/file.c
index 97f1b51..1476cdd 100644
--- a/fs/bfs/file.c
+++ b/fs/bfs/file.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* fs/bfs/file.c
* BFS file operations.
diff --git a/fs/binfmt_flat.c b/fs/binfmt_flat.c
index 475d083..5d6b944 100644
--- a/fs/binfmt_flat.c
+++ b/fs/binfmt_flat.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/****************************************************************************/
/*
* linux/fs/binfmt_flat.c
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/Makefile b/fs/btrfs/Makefile
index 962a95a..f2cd9de 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/Makefile
+++ b/fs/btrfs/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
obj-$(CONFIG_BTRFS_FS) := btrfs.o
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/export.c b/fs/btrfs/export.c
index fa66980..3aeb577 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/export.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/export.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include "ctree.h"
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/export.h b/fs/btrfs/export.h
index 074348a..91b3908 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/export.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/export.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef BTRFS_EXPORT_H
#define BTRFS_EXPORT_H
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/extent_io.c b/fs/btrfs/extent_io.c
index 970190c..7fa50e1 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/extent_io.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/extent_io.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/bio.h>
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/extent_io.h b/fs/btrfs/extent_io.h
index faffa28..e5535bb 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/extent_io.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/extent_io.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef __EXTENTIO__
#define __EXTENTIO__
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/extent_map.c b/fs/btrfs/extent_map.c
index 6985015..2e348fb 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/extent_map.c
+++ b/fs/btrfs/extent_map.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/err.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/extent_map.h b/fs/btrfs/extent_map.h
index a67b2de..64365bb 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/extent_map.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/extent_map.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef __EXTENTMAP__
#define __EXTENTMAP__
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/inode-map.h b/fs/btrfs/inode-map.h
index c8e864b..6734ec9 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/inode-map.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/inode-map.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef __BTRFS_INODE_MAP
#define __BTRFS_INODE_MAP
diff --git a/fs/btrfs/sysfs.h b/fs/btrfs/sysfs.h
index d7da1a4..4cb9083 100644
--- a/fs/btrfs/sysfs.h
+++ b/fs/btrfs/sysfs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef _BTRFS_SYSFS_H_
#define _BTRFS_SYSFS_H_
diff --git a/fs/cachefiles/Makefile b/fs/cachefiles/Makefile
index 32cbab0..891dedd 100644
--- a/fs/cachefiles/Makefile
+++ b/fs/cachefiles/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for caching in a mounted filesystem
#
diff --git a/fs/ceph/Makefile b/fs/ceph/Makefile
index 85a4230..174f570 100644
--- a/fs/ceph/Makefile
+++ b/fs/ceph/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for CEPH filesystem.
#
diff --git a/fs/ceph/addr.c b/fs/ceph/addr.c
index b3e3edc..4d62265 100644
--- a/fs/ceph/addr.c
+++ b/fs/ceph/addr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/ceph/ceph_debug.h>
#include <linux/backing-dev.h>
diff --git a/fs/ceph/caps.c b/fs/ceph/caps.c
index 157fe59..115a27d 100644
--- a/fs/ceph/caps.c
+++ b/fs/ceph/caps.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/ceph/ceph_debug.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
diff --git a/fs/ceph/ceph_frag.c b/fs/ceph/ceph_frag.c
index bdce8b1..6f67d5b 100644
--- a/fs/ceph/ceph_frag.c
+++ b/fs/ceph/ceph_frag.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Ceph 'frag' type
*/
diff --git a/fs/ceph/debugfs.c b/fs/ceph/debugfs.c
index d635496..644def8 100644
--- a/fs/ceph/debugfs.c
+++ b/fs/ceph/debugfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/ceph/ceph_debug.h>
#include <linux/device.h>
diff --git a/fs/ceph/dir.c b/fs/ceph/dir.c
index 019c203..8a52666 100644
--- a/fs/ceph/dir.c
+++ b/fs/ceph/dir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/ceph/ceph_debug.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
diff --git a/fs/ceph/export.c b/fs/ceph/export.c
index 7df550c..3c59ad1 100644
--- a/fs/ceph/export.c
+++ b/fs/ceph/export.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/ceph/ceph_debug.h>
#include <linux/exportfs.h>
diff --git a/fs/ceph/file.c b/fs/ceph/file.c
index 65a6fa1..5c17125f 100644
--- a/fs/ceph/file.c
+++ b/fs/ceph/file.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/ceph/ceph_debug.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
diff --git a/fs/ceph/inode.c b/fs/ceph/inode.c
index 373dab5..f2550a0 100644
--- a/fs/ceph/inode.c
+++ b/fs/ceph/inode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/ceph/ceph_debug.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
diff --git a/fs/ceph/ioctl.c b/fs/ceph/ioctl.c
index 4c9c72f..851aa69 100644
--- a/fs/ceph/ioctl.c
+++ b/fs/ceph/ioctl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/ceph/ceph_debug.h>
#include <linux/in.h>
diff --git a/fs/ceph/ioctl.h b/fs/ceph/ioctl.h
index c77028a..51f7f1d 100644
--- a/fs/ceph/ioctl.h
+++ b/fs/ceph/ioctl.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef FS_CEPH_IOCTL_H
#define FS_CEPH_IOCTL_H
diff --git a/fs/ceph/locks.c b/fs/ceph/locks.c
index 8cd63e8..e7cce41 100644
--- a/fs/ceph/locks.c
+++ b/fs/ceph/locks.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/ceph/ceph_debug.h>
#include <linux/file.h>
diff --git a/fs/ceph/mds_client.c b/fs/ceph/mds_client.c
index f23c820..0687ab3 100644
--- a/fs/ceph/mds_client.c
+++ b/fs/ceph/mds_client.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/ceph/ceph_debug.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
diff --git a/fs/ceph/mds_client.h b/fs/ceph/mds_client.h
index 636d6b2..837ac4b 100644
--- a/fs/ceph/mds_client.h
+++ b/fs/ceph/mds_client.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef _FS_CEPH_MDS_CLIENT_H
#define _FS_CEPH_MDS_CLIENT_H
diff --git a/fs/ceph/mdsmap.c b/fs/ceph/mdsmap.c
index 33ced4c..44e53ab 100644
--- a/fs/ceph/mdsmap.c
+++ b/fs/ceph/mdsmap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/ceph/ceph_debug.h>
#include <linux/bug.h>
diff --git a/fs/ceph/snap.c b/fs/ceph/snap.c
index 7fc0b85..8a2ca41 100644
--- a/fs/ceph/snap.c
+++ b/fs/ceph/snap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/ceph/ceph_debug.h>
#include <linux/sort.h>
diff --git a/fs/ceph/strings.c b/fs/ceph/strings.c
index 913dea1..4a79f36 100644
--- a/fs/ceph/strings.c
+++ b/fs/ceph/strings.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Ceph fs string constants
*/
diff --git a/fs/ceph/super.h b/fs/ceph/super.h
index 279a2f4..3e27a28 100644
--- a/fs/ceph/super.h
+++ b/fs/ceph/super.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef _FS_CEPH_SUPER_H
#define _FS_CEPH_SUPER_H
diff --git a/fs/ceph/xattr.c b/fs/ceph/xattr.c
index 3542b2c..e1c4e0b 100644
--- a/fs/ceph/xattr.c
+++ b/fs/ceph/xattr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/ceph/ceph_debug.h>
#include <linux/ceph/pagelist.h>
diff --git a/fs/char_dev.c b/fs/char_dev.c
index ebcc8fb..a65e4a5 100644
--- a/fs/char_dev.c
+++ b/fs/char_dev.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/char_dev.c
*
diff --git a/fs/cifs/Makefile b/fs/cifs/Makefile
index 5e853a3..7134f18 100644
--- a/fs/cifs/Makefile
+++ b/fs/cifs/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for Linux CIFS VFS client
#
diff --git a/fs/coda/cache.c b/fs/coda/cache.c
index 5bb630a..201fc08 100644
--- a/fs/coda/cache.c
+++ b/fs/coda/cache.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Cache operations for Coda.
* For Linux 2.1: (C) 1997 Carnegie Mellon University
diff --git a/fs/coda/cnode.c b/fs/coda/cnode.c
index f13e0905..845b5a6 100644
--- a/fs/coda/cnode.c
+++ b/fs/coda/cnode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/* cnode related routines for the coda kernel code
(C) 1996 Peter Braam
*/
diff --git a/fs/coda/coda_cache.h b/fs/coda/coda_cache.h
index c910b5e..c9f7a77 100644
--- a/fs/coda/coda_cache.h
+++ b/fs/coda/coda_cache.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/* Coda filesystem -- Linux Minicache
*
* Copyright (C) 1989 - 1997 Carnegie Mellon University
diff --git a/fs/coda/coda_fs_i.h b/fs/coda/coda_fs_i.h
index c640752..d702ba1a 100644
--- a/fs/coda/coda_fs_i.h
+++ b/fs/coda/coda_fs_i.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* coda_fs_i.h
*
diff --git a/fs/coda/coda_int.h b/fs/coda/coda_int.h
index 381c993..bb0b3e0 100644
--- a/fs/coda/coda_int.h
+++ b/fs/coda/coda_int.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef _CODA_INT_
#define _CODA_INT_
diff --git a/fs/coda/coda_linux.c b/fs/coda/coda_linux.c
index f1714cf..ca599df 100644
--- a/fs/coda/coda_linux.c
+++ b/fs/coda/coda_linux.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Inode operations for Coda filesystem
* Original version: (C) 1996 P. Braam and M. Callahan
diff --git a/fs/coda/coda_linux.h b/fs/coda/coda_linux.h
index d3c3618..126155c 100644
--- a/fs/coda/coda_linux.h
+++ b/fs/coda/coda_linux.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Coda File System, Linux Kernel module
*
diff --git a/fs/coda/dir.c b/fs/coda/dir.c
index 274ab55..00876dd 100644
--- a/fs/coda/dir.c
+++ b/fs/coda/dir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Directory operations for Coda filesystem
diff --git a/fs/coda/file.c b/fs/coda/file.c
index 363402f..1cbc1f2 100644
--- a/fs/coda/file.c
+++ b/fs/coda/file.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* File operations for Coda.
* Original version: (C) 1996 Peter Braam
diff --git a/fs/coda/inode.c b/fs/coda/inode.c
index 6058df3..6f0a6a4 100644
--- a/fs/coda/inode.c
+++ b/fs/coda/inode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Super block/filesystem wide operations
*
diff --git a/fs/coda/pioctl.c b/fs/coda/pioctl.c
index b0b9cda..e0c17b7 100644
--- a/fs/coda/pioctl.c
+++ b/fs/coda/pioctl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Pioctl operations for Coda.
* Original version: (C) 1996 Peter Braam
diff --git a/fs/coda/symlink.c b/fs/coda/symlink.c
index 03736e2..202297d 100644
--- a/fs/coda/symlink.c
+++ b/fs/coda/symlink.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Symlink inode operations for Coda filesystem
* Original version: (C) 1996 P. Braam and M. Callahan
diff --git a/fs/coda/sysctl.c b/fs/coda/sysctl.c
index 34218a8..0301d45 100644
--- a/fs/coda/sysctl.c
+++ b/fs/coda/sysctl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Sysctl operations for Coda filesystem
* Original version: (C) 1996 P. Braam and M. Callahan
diff --git a/fs/coda/upcall.c b/fs/coda/upcall.c
index e82357c..a37f003 100644
--- a/fs/coda/upcall.c
+++ b/fs/coda/upcall.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Mostly platform independent upcall operations to Venus:
* -- upcalls
diff --git a/fs/compat_ioctl.c b/fs/compat_ioctl.c
index d27b326..bd5d91e 100644
--- a/fs/compat_ioctl.c
+++ b/fs/compat_ioctl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* ioctl32.c: Conversion between 32bit and 64bit native ioctls.
*
diff --git a/fs/coredump.c b/fs/coredump.c
index 0eec036..52c63d6 100644
--- a/fs/coredump.c
+++ b/fs/coredump.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/file.h>
#include <linux/fdtable.h>
diff --git a/fs/cramfs/uncompress.c b/fs/cramfs/uncompress.c
index ec4f1d4..975d98f 100644
--- a/fs/cramfs/uncompress.c
+++ b/fs/cramfs/uncompress.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* uncompress.c
*
diff --git a/fs/crypto/bio.c b/fs/crypto/bio.c
index 483784d..0d5e6a5 100644
--- a/fs/crypto/bio.c
+++ b/fs/crypto/bio.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* This contains encryption functions for per-file encryption.
*
diff --git a/fs/crypto/fname.c b/fs/crypto/fname.c
index ad9f814..8606da1 100644
--- a/fs/crypto/fname.c
+++ b/fs/crypto/fname.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* This contains functions for filename crypto management
*
diff --git a/fs/crypto/fscrypt_private.h b/fs/crypto/fscrypt_private.h
index a1d5021..092e9da 100644
--- a/fs/crypto/fscrypt_private.h
+++ b/fs/crypto/fscrypt_private.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* fscrypt_private.h
*
diff --git a/fs/crypto/keyinfo.c b/fs/crypto/keyinfo.c
index 8e704d1..a386302 100644
--- a/fs/crypto/keyinfo.c
+++ b/fs/crypto/keyinfo.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* key management facility for FS encryption support.
*
diff --git a/fs/crypto/policy.c b/fs/crypto/policy.c
index ce07a86..a120649b 100644
--- a/fs/crypto/policy.c
+++ b/fs/crypto/policy.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Encryption policy functions for per-file encryption support.
*
diff --git a/fs/dlm/Makefile b/fs/dlm/Makefile
index ca1c912..3545fda 100644
--- a/fs/dlm/Makefile
+++ b/fs/dlm/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
obj-$(CONFIG_DLM) += dlm.o
dlm-y := ast.o \
config.o \
diff --git a/fs/drop_caches.c b/fs/drop_caches.c
index d72d52b..8237701 100644
--- a/fs/drop_caches.c
+++ b/fs/drop_caches.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Implement the manual drop-all-pagecache function
*/
diff --git a/fs/efs/dir.c b/fs/efs/dir.c
index a7be96e..f892ac7c 100644
--- a/fs/efs/dir.c
+++ b/fs/efs/dir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* dir.c
*
diff --git a/fs/efs/efs.h b/fs/efs/efs.h
index 70f5d4f..13a4d96 100644
--- a/fs/efs/efs.h
+++ b/fs/efs/efs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Copyright (c) 1999 Al Smith
*
diff --git a/fs/efs/file.c b/fs/efs/file.c
index a37dcee..9e641da 100644
--- a/fs/efs/file.c
+++ b/fs/efs/file.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* file.c
*
diff --git a/fs/efs/namei.c b/fs/efs/namei.c
index d34a40e..38961ee 100644
--- a/fs/efs/namei.c
+++ b/fs/efs/namei.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* namei.c
*
diff --git a/fs/efs/super.c b/fs/efs/super.c
index 5c42f1e..65b5900 100644
--- a/fs/efs/super.c
+++ b/fs/efs/super.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* super.c
*
diff --git a/fs/efs/symlink.c b/fs/efs/symlink.c
index 4870cc8..923eb91 100644
--- a/fs/efs/symlink.c
+++ b/fs/efs/symlink.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* symlink.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext2/Makefile b/fs/ext2/Makefile
index 445b0e9..311479d 100644
--- a/fs/ext2/Makefile
+++ b/fs/ext2/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for the linux ext2-filesystem routines.
#
diff --git a/fs/ext2/acl.c b/fs/ext2/acl.c
index 51f0aea..224c04a 100644
--- a/fs/ext2/acl.c
+++ b/fs/ext2/acl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext2/acl.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext2/acl.h b/fs/ext2/acl.h
index 44937f9..0f01c75 100644
--- a/fs/ext2/acl.h
+++ b/fs/ext2/acl.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
File: fs/ext2/acl.h
diff --git a/fs/ext2/balloc.c b/fs/ext2/balloc.c
index d0bdb74..e1b3724 100644
--- a/fs/ext2/balloc.c
+++ b/fs/ext2/balloc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext2/balloc.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext2/dir.c b/fs/ext2/dir.c
index e270969..9876479 100644
--- a/fs/ext2/dir.c
+++ b/fs/ext2/dir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext2/dir.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext2/ext2.h b/fs/ext2/ext2.h
index 28de3ed..032295e 100644
--- a/fs/ext2/ext2.h
+++ b/fs/ext2/ext2.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Copyright (C) 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995
* Remy Card (card@masi.ibp.fr)
diff --git a/fs/ext2/file.c b/fs/ext2/file.c
index ff3a363..c67b486 100644
--- a/fs/ext2/file.c
+++ b/fs/ext2/file.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext2/file.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext2/ialloc.c b/fs/ext2/ialloc.c
index 395fc074c..a1fc3da 100644
--- a/fs/ext2/ialloc.c
+++ b/fs/ext2/ialloc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext2/ialloc.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext2/inode.c b/fs/ext2/inode.c
index 4dca6f3..1442a4c 100644
--- a/fs/ext2/inode.c
+++ b/fs/ext2/inode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext2/inode.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext2/ioctl.c b/fs/ext2/ioctl.c
index 087f122..0367c00 100644
--- a/fs/ext2/ioctl.c
+++ b/fs/ext2/ioctl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext2/ioctl.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext2/namei.c b/fs/ext2/namei.c
index 814e405..e078075 100644
--- a/fs/ext2/namei.c
+++ b/fs/ext2/namei.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext2/namei.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext2/symlink.c b/fs/ext2/symlink.c
index eeffb01..d5589dd 100644
--- a/fs/ext2/symlink.c
+++ b/fs/ext2/symlink.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext2/symlink.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext2/xattr.c b/fs/ext2/xattr.c
index 1b9b126..62d9a659a 100644
--- a/fs/ext2/xattr.c
+++ b/fs/ext2/xattr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext2/xattr.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext2/xattr.h b/fs/ext2/xattr.h
index 6f82ab1..cee888c 100644
--- a/fs/ext2/xattr.h
+++ b/fs/ext2/xattr.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
File: linux/ext2_xattr.h
diff --git a/fs/ext2/xattr_security.c b/fs/ext2/xattr_security.c
index 7b9e9c1..9a682e4 100644
--- a/fs/ext2/xattr_security.c
+++ b/fs/ext2/xattr_security.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext2/xattr_security.c
* Handler for storing security labels as extended attributes.
diff --git a/fs/ext2/xattr_trusted.c b/fs/ext2/xattr_trusted.c
index 65049b7..49add11 100644
--- a/fs/ext2/xattr_trusted.c
+++ b/fs/ext2/xattr_trusted.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext2/xattr_trusted.c
* Handler for trusted extended attributes.
diff --git a/fs/ext2/xattr_user.c b/fs/ext2/xattr_user.c
index fb2f992..c243a3b 100644
--- a/fs/ext2/xattr_user.c
+++ b/fs/ext2/xattr_user.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext2/xattr_user.c
* Handler for extended user attributes.
diff --git a/fs/ext4/Makefile b/fs/ext4/Makefile
index d9beca1..8fdfcd3 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/Makefile
+++ b/fs/ext4/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for the linux ext4-filesystem routines.
#
diff --git a/fs/ext4/acl.c b/fs/ext4/acl.c
index 46ff222..fb50f9a 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/acl.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/acl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/acl.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/acl.h b/fs/ext4/acl.h
index da2c795..a48fc5a 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/acl.h
+++ b/fs/ext4/acl.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
File: fs/ext4/acl.h
diff --git a/fs/ext4/balloc.c b/fs/ext4/balloc.c
index e04ec86..d5ddfb9 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/balloc.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/balloc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/balloc.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/bitmap.c b/fs/ext4/bitmap.c
index 4a606afb..f63e028 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/bitmap.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/bitmap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/bitmap.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/block_validity.c b/fs/ext4/block_validity.c
index fdb1954..bee888e 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/block_validity.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/block_validity.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/block_validity.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/dir.c b/fs/ext4/dir.c
index b04e882..d5babc9 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/dir.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/dir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/dir.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/ext4.h b/fs/ext4/ext4.h
index e2abe01..58a0304 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/ext4.h
+++ b/fs/ext4/ext4.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* ext4.h
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/ext4_jbd2.c b/fs/ext4/ext4_jbd2.c
index 5b342ac..2d59320 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/ext4_jbd2.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/ext4_jbd2.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Interface between ext4 and JBD
*/
diff --git a/fs/ext4/extents_status.c b/fs/ext4/extents_status.c
index e7f12a2..763ef18 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/extents_status.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/extents_status.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* fs/ext4/extents_status.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/extents_status.h b/fs/ext4/extents_status.h
index f7aa24f..ca90fc9 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/extents_status.h
+++ b/fs/ext4/extents_status.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* fs/ext4/extents_status.h
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/file.c b/fs/ext4/file.c
index b1da660..5cb9aa3 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/file.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/file.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/file.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/fsync.c b/fs/ext4/fsync.c
index f923058..26a7fe5 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/fsync.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/fsync.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/fsync.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/ialloc.c b/fs/ext4/ialloc.c
index ee82302..c5f697a 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/ialloc.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/ialloc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/ialloc.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/indirect.c b/fs/ext4/indirect.c
index 7ffa290..c32802c 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/indirect.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/indirect.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/indirect.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/inode.c b/fs/ext4/inode.c
index 31db875..90afeb7 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/inode.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/inode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/inode.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/ioctl.c b/fs/ext4/ioctl.c
index afb66d4..75d8347 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/ioctl.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/ioctl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/ioctl.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/mballoc.h b/fs/ext4/mballoc.h
index 009300e..dcf5254 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/mballoc.h
+++ b/fs/ext4/mballoc.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* fs/ext4/mballoc.h
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/mmp.c b/fs/ext4/mmp.c
index 84c54f1..27b9a76 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/mmp.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/mmp.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/random.h>
#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
diff --git a/fs/ext4/namei.c b/fs/ext4/namei.c
index c1cf020..bd48a8d 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/namei.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/namei.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/namei.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/page-io.c b/fs/ext4/page-io.c
index 55ad7dd..db75901 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/page-io.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/page-io.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/page-io.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/readpage.c b/fs/ext4/readpage.c
index 04c9064..9ffa6fa 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/readpage.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/readpage.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/readpage.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/resize.c b/fs/ext4/resize.c
index 035cd3f..1dac59c 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/resize.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/resize.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/resize.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/symlink.c b/fs/ext4/symlink.c
index 5c8fc53..a2006c9 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/symlink.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/symlink.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/symlink.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/sysfs.c b/fs/ext4/sysfs.c
index 48c7a7d..e21afd5 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/sysfs.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/sysfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/sysfs.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/truncate.h b/fs/ext4/truncate.h
index c70d06a..b64a9fa 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/truncate.h
+++ b/fs/ext4/truncate.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/truncate.h
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/xattr.c b/fs/ext4/xattr.c
index 3b69330..218a7ba 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/xattr.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/xattr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/xattr.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ext4/xattr.h b/fs/ext4/xattr.h
index 0d2dde1..f8cc075 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/xattr.h
+++ b/fs/ext4/xattr.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
File: fs/ext4/xattr.h
diff --git a/fs/ext4/xattr_security.c b/fs/ext4/xattr_security.c
index a892111..629001b 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/xattr_security.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/xattr_security.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/xattr_security.c
* Handler for storing security labels as extended attributes.
diff --git a/fs/ext4/xattr_trusted.c b/fs/ext4/xattr_trusted.c
index c7765c7..e9389e5 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/xattr_trusted.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/xattr_trusted.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/xattr_trusted.c
* Handler for trusted extended attributes.
diff --git a/fs/ext4/xattr_user.c b/fs/ext4/xattr_user.c
index ca20e42..d454618 100644
--- a/fs/ext4/xattr_user.c
+++ b/fs/ext4/xattr_user.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ext4/xattr_user.c
* Handler for extended user attributes.
diff --git a/fs/f2fs/Makefile b/fs/f2fs/Makefile
index a0dc559..776c4b93 100644
--- a/fs/f2fs/Makefile
+++ b/fs/f2fs/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
obj-$(CONFIG_F2FS_FS) += f2fs.o
f2fs-y := dir.o file.o inode.o namei.o hash.o super.o inline.o
diff --git a/fs/fat/Makefile b/fs/fat/Makefile
index 964b634..70645ce 100644
--- a/fs/fat/Makefile
+++ b/fs/fat/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for the Linux fat filesystem support.
#
diff --git a/fs/fat/cache.c b/fs/fat/cache.c
index 5d38492..e9bed49 100644
--- a/fs/fat/cache.c
+++ b/fs/fat/cache.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/fat/cache.c
*
diff --git a/fs/fat/fat.h b/fs/fat/fat.h
index 051dac1..8fc1093 100644
--- a/fs/fat/fat.h
+++ b/fs/fat/fat.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef _FAT_H
#define _FAT_H
diff --git a/fs/fcntl.c b/fs/fcntl.c
index 448a111..8d78ffd 100644
--- a/fs/fcntl.c
+++ b/fs/fcntl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/fcntl.c
*
diff --git a/fs/fhandle.c b/fs/fhandle.c
index 58a61f5..474adc8 100644
--- a/fs/fhandle.c
+++ b/fs/fhandle.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
diff --git a/fs/file.c b/fs/file.c
index 1fc7fbb..4eecbf4 100644
--- a/fs/file.c
+++ b/fs/file.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/file.c
*
diff --git a/fs/filesystems.c b/fs/filesystems.c
index a920ad2..f2728a4 100644
--- a/fs/filesystems.c
+++ b/fs/filesystems.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/filesystems.c
*
diff --git a/fs/fs_pin.c b/fs/fs_pin.c
index e747b3d..0d285fd 100644
--- a/fs/fs_pin.c
+++ b/fs/fs_pin.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
diff --git a/fs/fscache/Makefile b/fs/fscache/Makefile
index 6d56153..79e08e0 100644
--- a/fs/fscache/Makefile
+++ b/fs/fscache/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for general filesystem caching code
#
diff --git a/fs/gfs2/Makefile b/fs/gfs2/Makefile
index 8612820..41b2aa4 100644
--- a/fs/gfs2/Makefile
+++ b/fs/gfs2/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
ccflags-y := -I$(src)
obj-$(CONFIG_GFS2_FS) += gfs2.o
gfs2-y := acl.o bmap.o dir.o xattr.o glock.o \
diff --git a/fs/gfs2/trace_gfs2.h b/fs/gfs2/trace_gfs2.h
index 49ac55d..2f15926 100644
--- a/fs/gfs2/trace_gfs2.h
+++ b/fs/gfs2/trace_gfs2.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM gfs2
diff --git a/fs/hfs/attr.c b/fs/hfs/attr.c
index 0933600..74fa626 100644
--- a/fs/hfs/attr.c
+++ b/fs/hfs/attr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfs/attr.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfs/bfind.c b/fs/hfs/bfind.c
index de69d8a..4af318f 100644
--- a/fs/hfs/bfind.c
+++ b/fs/hfs/bfind.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfs/bfind.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfs/bnode.c b/fs/hfs/bnode.c
index d77d844..8aec5e7 100644
--- a/fs/hfs/bnode.c
+++ b/fs/hfs/bnode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfs/bnode.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfs/brec.c b/fs/hfs/brec.c
index 6fc766df..ad04a57 100644
--- a/fs/hfs/brec.c
+++ b/fs/hfs/brec.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfs/brec.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfs/btree.c b/fs/hfs/btree.c
index 37cdd95..374b568 100644
--- a/fs/hfs/btree.c
+++ b/fs/hfs/btree.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfs/btree.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfs/btree.h b/fs/hfs/btree.h
index f6bd266..c8b252db 100644
--- a/fs/hfs/btree.h
+++ b/fs/hfs/btree.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* linux/fs/hfs/btree.h
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/Makefile b/fs/hfsplus/Makefile
index 683fca2..f6a5654 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/Makefile
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
## Makefile for the linux hfsplus filesystem routines.
#
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/acl.h b/fs/hfsplus/acl.h
index 95c8ed9..488c2b7 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/acl.h
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/acl.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/acl.h
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/attributes.c b/fs/hfsplus/attributes.c
index e5b221d..2bab6b3 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/attributes.c
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/attributes.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/attributes.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/bfind.c b/fs/hfsplus/bfind.c
index 528e38b..ca2ba8c 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/bfind.c
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/bfind.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/bfind.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/bitmap.c b/fs/hfsplus/bitmap.c
index c0ae274..cebce0c 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/bitmap.c
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/bitmap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/bitmap.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/bnode.c b/fs/hfsplus/bnode.c
index ce014ce..d77015c 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/bnode.c
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/bnode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/bnode.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/brec.c b/fs/hfsplus/brec.c
index 754fdf8..808f4d8 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/brec.c
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/brec.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/brec.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/btree.c b/fs/hfsplus/btree.c
index d9d1a36..de14b2b 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/btree.c
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/btree.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/btree.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/catalog.c b/fs/hfsplus/catalog.c
index a5e00f7..a196369 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/catalog.c
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/catalog.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/catalog.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/dir.c b/fs/hfsplus/dir.c
index 31d5e3f..e8120a2 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/dir.c
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/dir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/dir.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/extents.c b/fs/hfsplus/extents.c
index a3eb640..e877093 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/extents.c
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/extents.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/extents.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/hfsplus_fs.h b/fs/hfsplus/hfsplus_fs.h
index a3f03b2..a015044 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/hfsplus_fs.h
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/hfsplus_fs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* linux/include/linux/hfsplus_fs.h
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/hfsplus_raw.h b/fs/hfsplus/hfsplus_raw.h
index 8298d09..456e87a 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/hfsplus_raw.h
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/hfsplus_raw.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* linux/include/linux/hfsplus_raw.h
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/inode.c b/fs/hfsplus/inode.c
index 4f26b68..190c60e 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/inode.c
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/inode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/inode.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/ioctl.c b/fs/hfsplus/ioctl.c
index 0a156d8..5e6502e 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/ioctl.c
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/ioctl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/ioctl.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/options.c b/fs/hfsplus/options.c
index bb806e5..047e05c 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/options.c
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/options.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/options.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/posix_acl.c b/fs/hfsplus/posix_acl.c
index 6bb5d7c..066114d 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/posix_acl.c
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/posix_acl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/posix_acl.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/tables.c b/fs/hfsplus/tables.c
index 1b91173..a5fb8ee 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/tables.c
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/tables.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/tables.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/unicode.c b/fs/hfsplus/unicode.c
index e563939..dfa90c2 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/unicode.c
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/unicode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/unicode.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/wrapper.c b/fs/hfsplus/wrapper.c
index 10032b9..08c1580 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/wrapper.c
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/wrapper.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/wrapper.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/xattr.c b/fs/hfsplus/xattr.c
index d37bb88..e538b75 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/xattr.c
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/xattr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/xattr.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/xattr.h b/fs/hfsplus/xattr.h
index 68f6b53..a4e611d 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/xattr.h
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/xattr.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/xattr.h
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/xattr_security.c b/fs/hfsplus/xattr_security.c
index 37b3efa..f5550b0 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/xattr_security.c
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/xattr_security.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/xattr_trusted.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/xattr_trusted.c b/fs/hfsplus/xattr_trusted.c
index 94519d6..fbad91e 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/xattr_trusted.c
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/xattr_trusted.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/xattr_trusted.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hfsplus/xattr_user.c b/fs/hfsplus/xattr_user.c
index fae6c0e..74d19fa 100644
--- a/fs/hfsplus/xattr_user.c
+++ b/fs/hfsplus/xattr_user.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hfsplus/xattr_user.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hostfs/hostfs.h b/fs/hostfs/hostfs.h
index 91e19f9..ffaec2e 100644
--- a/fs/hostfs/hostfs.h
+++ b/fs/hostfs/hostfs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef __UM_FS_HOSTFS
#define __UM_FS_HOSTFS
diff --git a/fs/hpfs/alloc.c b/fs/hpfs/alloc.c
index 098bf0f..66617b1 100644
--- a/fs/hpfs/alloc.c
+++ b/fs/hpfs/alloc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hpfs/alloc.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hpfs/anode.c b/fs/hpfs/anode.c
index 2d5b254..c14c9a0 100644
--- a/fs/hpfs/anode.c
+++ b/fs/hpfs/anode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hpfs/anode.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hpfs/buffer.c b/fs/hpfs/buffer.c
index f626114..e285d6b 100644
--- a/fs/hpfs/buffer.c
+++ b/fs/hpfs/buffer.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hpfs/buffer.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hpfs/dentry.c b/fs/hpfs/dentry.c
index bb87d65..89a36fd 100644
--- a/fs/hpfs/dentry.c
+++ b/fs/hpfs/dentry.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hpfs/dentry.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hpfs/dir.c b/fs/hpfs/dir.c
index fa6bbb4f..8d6b7e3 100644
--- a/fs/hpfs/dir.c
+++ b/fs/hpfs/dir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hpfs/dir.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hpfs/dnode.c b/fs/hpfs/dnode.c
index 86ab7e7..3b83456 100644
--- a/fs/hpfs/dnode.c
+++ b/fs/hpfs/dnode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hpfs/dnode.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hpfs/ea.c b/fs/hpfs/ea.c
index ce3f98b..102ba18 100644
--- a/fs/hpfs/ea.c
+++ b/fs/hpfs/ea.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hpfs/ea.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hpfs/file.c b/fs/hpfs/file.c
index f261384..1ecec12 100644
--- a/fs/hpfs/file.c
+++ b/fs/hpfs/file.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hpfs/file.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hpfs/hpfs.h b/fs/hpfs/hpfs.h
index cce025a..823a328 100644
--- a/fs/hpfs/hpfs.h
+++ b/fs/hpfs/hpfs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* linux/fs/hpfs/hpfs.h
*
diff --git a/fs/hpfs/hpfs_fn.h b/fs/hpfs/hpfs_fn.h
index d352f3a..2577ef1 100644
--- a/fs/hpfs/hpfs_fn.h
+++ b/fs/hpfs/hpfs_fn.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* linux/fs/hpfs/hpfs_fn.h
*
diff --git a/fs/hpfs/inode.c b/fs/hpfs/inode.c
index b9c724e..eb8b4ba 100644
--- a/fs/hpfs/inode.c
+++ b/fs/hpfs/inode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hpfs/inode.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hpfs/map.c b/fs/hpfs/map.c
index a136929..e0e60b1 100644
--- a/fs/hpfs/map.c
+++ b/fs/hpfs/map.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hpfs/map.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hpfs/name.c b/fs/hpfs/name.c
index b00d396..ef7ba77 100644
--- a/fs/hpfs/name.c
+++ b/fs/hpfs/name.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hpfs/name.c
*
diff --git a/fs/hpfs/namei.c b/fs/hpfs/namei.c
index f30c144..a3615e4 100644
--- a/fs/hpfs/namei.c
+++ b/fs/hpfs/namei.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/hpfs/namei.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ioctl.c b/fs/ioctl.c
index 569db68..5ace7ef 100644
--- a/fs/ioctl.c
+++ b/fs/ioctl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ioctl.c
*
diff --git a/fs/isofs/Makefile b/fs/isofs/Makefile
index bf162f0..6498fd2 100644
--- a/fs/isofs/Makefile
+++ b/fs/isofs/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for the Linux isofs filesystem routines.
#
diff --git a/fs/isofs/dir.c b/fs/isofs/dir.c
index e759961..947ce22 100644
--- a/fs/isofs/dir.c
+++ b/fs/isofs/dir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/isofs/dir.c
*
diff --git a/fs/isofs/export.c b/fs/isofs/export.c
index 0c5f721..85a9093 100644
--- a/fs/isofs/export.c
+++ b/fs/isofs/export.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* fs/isofs/export.c
*
diff --git a/fs/isofs/isofs.h b/fs/isofs/isofs.h
index 133a456..57d4c3e 100644
--- a/fs/isofs/isofs.h
+++ b/fs/isofs/isofs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
#include <linux/exportfs.h>
diff --git a/fs/isofs/joliet.c b/fs/isofs/joliet.c
index a048de8..be8b6a9 100644
--- a/fs/isofs/joliet.c
+++ b/fs/isofs/joliet.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/isofs/joliet.c
*
diff --git a/fs/isofs/namei.c b/fs/isofs/namei.c
index aee5927..cac468f 100644
--- a/fs/isofs/namei.c
+++ b/fs/isofs/namei.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/isofs/namei.c
*
diff --git a/fs/isofs/rock.c b/fs/isofs/rock.c
index 0ec1373..94ef92f 100644
--- a/fs/isofs/rock.c
+++ b/fs/isofs/rock.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/isofs/rock.c
*
diff --git a/fs/isofs/rock.h b/fs/isofs/rock.h
index ed09e2b..ef03625 100644
--- a/fs/isofs/rock.h
+++ b/fs/isofs/rock.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* These structs are used by the system-use-sharing protocol, in which the
* Rock Ridge extensions are embedded. It is quite possible that other
diff --git a/fs/isofs/util.c b/fs/isofs/util.c
index 005a15c..42544bf 100644
--- a/fs/isofs/util.c
+++ b/fs/isofs/util.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/isofs/util.c
*/
diff --git a/fs/jffs2/Makefile b/fs/jffs2/Makefile
index 60e5d49..5294969 100644
--- a/fs/jffs2/Makefile
+++ b/fs/jffs2/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for the Linux Journalling Flash File System v2 (JFFS2)
#
diff --git a/fs/jfs/Makefile b/fs/jfs/Makefile
index d20d473..285ec18 100644
--- a/fs/jfs/Makefile
+++ b/fs/jfs/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for the Linux JFS filesystem routines.
#
diff --git a/fs/jfs/ioctl.c b/fs/jfs/ioctl.c
index 5c5ac5b..ba34dae 100644
--- a/fs/jfs/ioctl.c
+++ b/fs/jfs/ioctl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/jfs/ioctl.c
*
diff --git a/fs/lockd/Makefile b/fs/lockd/Makefile
index 9b320cc..6d5e83e 100644
--- a/fs/lockd/Makefile
+++ b/fs/lockd/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for the linux lock manager stuff
#
diff --git a/fs/lockd/clnt4xdr.c b/fs/lockd/clnt4xdr.c
index c349fc0..00d5ef5 100644
--- a/fs/lockd/clnt4xdr.c
+++ b/fs/lockd/clnt4xdr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/lockd/clnt4xdr.c
*
diff --git a/fs/lockd/clntxdr.c b/fs/lockd/clntxdr.c
index 3b4724a..2c61763 100644
--- a/fs/lockd/clntxdr.c
+++ b/fs/lockd/clntxdr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/lockd/clntxdr.c
*
diff --git a/fs/lockd/host.c b/fs/lockd/host.c
index d716c99..0d4e590 100644
--- a/fs/lockd/host.c
+++ b/fs/lockd/host.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/lockd/host.c
*
diff --git a/fs/lockd/mon.c b/fs/lockd/mon.c
index 9d8166c..9fbbd11 100644
--- a/fs/lockd/mon.c
+++ b/fs/lockd/mon.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/lockd/mon.c
*
diff --git a/fs/lockd/netns.h b/fs/lockd/netns.h
index fb8cac8..5bec78c 100644
--- a/fs/lockd/netns.h
+++ b/fs/lockd/netns.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef __LOCKD_NETNS_H__
#define __LOCKD_NETNS_H__
diff --git a/fs/lockd/procfs.c b/fs/lockd/procfs.c
index 8f72cb2..ca9228a 100644
--- a/fs/lockd/procfs.c
+++ b/fs/lockd/procfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Procfs support for lockd
*
diff --git a/fs/lockd/procfs.h b/fs/lockd/procfs.h
index 184a15e..ba9a82f 100644
--- a/fs/lockd/procfs.h
+++ b/fs/lockd/procfs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Procfs support for lockd
*
diff --git a/fs/lockd/svc4proc.c b/fs/lockd/svc4proc.c
index 82925f1..1bddf70 100644
--- a/fs/lockd/svc4proc.c
+++ b/fs/lockd/svc4proc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/lockd/svc4proc.c
*
diff --git a/fs/lockd/svclock.c b/fs/lockd/svclock.c
index 3507c80..3701bcc 100644
--- a/fs/lockd/svclock.c
+++ b/fs/lockd/svclock.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/lockd/svclock.c
*
diff --git a/fs/lockd/svcproc.c b/fs/lockd/svcproc.c
index 0791516..0d670c5 100644
--- a/fs/lockd/svcproc.c
+++ b/fs/lockd/svcproc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/lockd/svcproc.c
*
diff --git a/fs/lockd/svcshare.c b/fs/lockd/svcshare.c
index b0ae070..ade4931 100644
--- a/fs/lockd/svcshare.c
+++ b/fs/lockd/svcshare.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/lockd/svcshare.c
*
diff --git a/fs/lockd/xdr.c b/fs/lockd/xdr.c
index 442bbd0..7147e4a 100644
--- a/fs/lockd/xdr.c
+++ b/fs/lockd/xdr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/lockd/xdr.c
*
diff --git a/fs/lockd/xdr4.c b/fs/lockd/xdr4.c
index 2a0cd56..7ed9edf 100644
--- a/fs/lockd/xdr4.c
+++ b/fs/lockd/xdr4.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/lockd/xdr4.c
*
diff --git a/fs/minix/bitmap.c b/fs/minix/bitmap.c
index c2c3fd3..f4e5e51 100644
--- a/fs/minix/bitmap.c
+++ b/fs/minix/bitmap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/minix/bitmap.c
*
diff --git a/fs/minix/dir.c b/fs/minix/dir.c
index baa9721..dcfe5b2 100644
--- a/fs/minix/dir.c
+++ b/fs/minix/dir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/minix/dir.c
*
diff --git a/fs/minix/file.c b/fs/minix/file.c
index a6a4797..c50b0a2 100644
--- a/fs/minix/file.c
+++ b/fs/minix/file.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/minix/file.c
*
diff --git a/fs/minix/itree_common.c b/fs/minix/itree_common.c
index 2d1ca08..043c3fd 100644
--- a/fs/minix/itree_common.c
+++ b/fs/minix/itree_common.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/* Generic part */
typedef struct {
diff --git a/fs/minix/itree_v1.c b/fs/minix/itree_v1.c
index 46ca39d..046cc96 100644
--- a/fs/minix/itree_v1.c
+++ b/fs/minix/itree_v1.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include "minix.h"
diff --git a/fs/minix/itree_v2.c b/fs/minix/itree_v2.c
index 1ee1013..f7fc7ec 100644
--- a/fs/minix/itree_v2.c
+++ b/fs/minix/itree_v2.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
#include "minix.h"
diff --git a/fs/minix/minix.h b/fs/minix/minix.h
index 663d661..df081e8 100644
--- a/fs/minix/minix.h
+++ b/fs/minix/minix.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef FS_MINIX_H
#define FS_MINIX_H
diff --git a/fs/minix/namei.c b/fs/minix/namei.c
index 1e0f11f..ccf0f00 100644
--- a/fs/minix/namei.c
+++ b/fs/minix/namei.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/minix/namei.c
*
diff --git a/fs/mount.h b/fs/mount.h
index 6790767..f39bc9d 100644
--- a/fs/mount.h
+++ b/fs/mount.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#include <linux/mount.h>
#include <linux/seq_file.h>
#include <linux/poll.h>
diff --git a/fs/mpage.c b/fs/mpage.c
index c991fae..b7e7f57 100644
--- a/fs/mpage.c
+++ b/fs/mpage.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* fs/mpage.c
*
diff --git a/fs/namei.c b/fs/namei.c
index c75ea03..ed8b948 100644
--- a/fs/namei.c
+++ b/fs/namei.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/namei.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ncpfs/Makefile b/fs/ncpfs/Makefile
index c66af56..66fe5f8 100644
--- a/fs/ncpfs/Makefile
+++ b/fs/ncpfs/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for the linux ncp filesystem routines.
#
diff --git a/fs/ncpfs/dir.c b/fs/ncpfs/dir.c
index 088f524..b5ec1d9 100644
--- a/fs/ncpfs/dir.c
+++ b/fs/ncpfs/dir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* dir.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ncpfs/file.c b/fs/ncpfs/file.c
index a06c076..8f8cc03 100644
--- a/fs/ncpfs/file.c
+++ b/fs/ncpfs/file.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* file.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ncpfs/getopt.c b/fs/ncpfs/getopt.c
index 344889c..5c941be 100644
--- a/fs/ncpfs/getopt.c
+++ b/fs/ncpfs/getopt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* getopt.c
*/
diff --git a/fs/ncpfs/getopt.h b/fs/ncpfs/getopt.h
index cccc007..30f0da31 100644
--- a/fs/ncpfs/getopt.h
+++ b/fs/ncpfs/getopt.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef _LINUX_GETOPT_H
#define _LINUX_GETOPT_H
diff --git a/fs/ncpfs/ioctl.c b/fs/ncpfs/ioctl.c
index 12550c2..d378b98 100644
--- a/fs/ncpfs/ioctl.c
+++ b/fs/ncpfs/ioctl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* ioctl.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ncpfs/mmap.c b/fs/ncpfs/mmap.c
index 6719c0b..a5c5cf2 100644
--- a/fs/ncpfs/mmap.c
+++ b/fs/ncpfs/mmap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* mmap.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ncpfs/ncp_fs.h b/fs/ncpfs/ncp_fs.h
index b9f69e1..bdd262b 100644
--- a/fs/ncpfs/ncp_fs.h
+++ b/fs/ncpfs/ncp_fs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#include <linux/ncp_fs.h>
#include "ncp_fs_i.h"
#include "ncp_fs_sb.h"
diff --git a/fs/ncpfs/ncp_fs_i.h b/fs/ncpfs/ncp_fs_i.h
index c4794504..3432baf 100644
--- a/fs/ncpfs/ncp_fs_i.h
+++ b/fs/ncpfs/ncp_fs_i.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* ncp_fs_i.h
*
diff --git a/fs/ncpfs/ncp_fs_sb.h b/fs/ncpfs/ncp_fs_sb.h
index 366fd63..89031d7e 100644
--- a/fs/ncpfs/ncp_fs_sb.h
+++ b/fs/ncpfs/ncp_fs_sb.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* ncp_fs_sb.h
*
diff --git a/fs/ncpfs/ncplib_kernel.c b/fs/ncpfs/ncplib_kernel.c
index 88dbbc9..804adfe 100644
--- a/fs/ncpfs/ncplib_kernel.c
+++ b/fs/ncpfs/ncplib_kernel.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* ncplib_kernel.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ncpfs/ncplib_kernel.h b/fs/ncpfs/ncplib_kernel.h
index b4c87cf..aaae8aa 100644
--- a/fs/ncpfs/ncplib_kernel.h
+++ b/fs/ncpfs/ncplib_kernel.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* ncplib_kernel.h
*
diff --git a/fs/ncpfs/ncpsign_kernel.c b/fs/ncpfs/ncpsign_kernel.c
index 0890759..8085b1a 100644
--- a/fs/ncpfs/ncpsign_kernel.c
+++ b/fs/ncpfs/ncpsign_kernel.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* ncpsign_kernel.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ncpfs/ncpsign_kernel.h b/fs/ncpfs/ncpsign_kernel.h
index d9a1438..57ff0a0 100644
--- a/fs/ncpfs/ncpsign_kernel.h
+++ b/fs/ncpfs/ncpsign_kernel.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* ncpsign_kernel.h
*
diff --git a/fs/ncpfs/sock.c b/fs/ncpfs/sock.c
index 98b6db0..7dd7170 100644
--- a/fs/ncpfs/sock.c
+++ b/fs/ncpfs/sock.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ncpfs/sock.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ncpfs/symlink.c b/fs/ncpfs/symlink.c
index a6d26b4..b6e16da 100644
--- a/fs/ncpfs/symlink.c
+++ b/fs/ncpfs/symlink.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ncpfs/symlink.c
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/Makefile b/fs/nfs/Makefile
index 1fb1189..c587e3c 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/Makefile
+++ b/fs/nfs/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for the Linux nfs filesystem routines.
#
diff --git a/fs/nfs/blocklayout/dev.c b/fs/nfs/blocklayout/dev.c
index a69ef4e..95f74bd 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/blocklayout/dev.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/blocklayout/dev.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright (c) 2014-2016 Christoph Hellwig.
*/
diff --git a/fs/nfs/blocklayout/extent_tree.c b/fs/nfs/blocklayout/extent_tree.c
index c85fbfd..7a57ff2 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/blocklayout/extent_tree.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/blocklayout/extent_tree.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright (c) 2014-2016 Christoph Hellwig.
*/
diff --git a/fs/nfs/cache_lib.c b/fs/nfs/cache_lib.c
index 2ae676f..b60627b 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/cache_lib.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/cache_lib.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/nfs/cache_lib.c
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/cache_lib.h b/fs/nfs/cache_lib.h
index 4116d2c..4e6236a 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/cache_lib.h
+++ b/fs/nfs/cache_lib.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Helper routines for the NFS client caches
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/callback.c b/fs/nfs/callback.c
index 2cddf7f..cd9d992 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/callback.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/callback.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/nfs/callback.c
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/callback.h b/fs/nfs/callback.h
index 3dc54d7..a20a0bc 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/callback.h
+++ b/fs/nfs/callback.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* linux/fs/nfs/callback.h
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/callback_proc.c b/fs/nfs/callback_proc.c
index 14358de..19151f6 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/callback_proc.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/callback_proc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/nfs/callback_proc.c
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/callback_xdr.c b/fs/nfs/callback_xdr.c
index 681dd64..123c069 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/callback_xdr.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/callback_xdr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/nfs/callback_xdr.c
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/delegation.h b/fs/nfs/delegation.h
index e9d5557..ddaf264 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/delegation.h
+++ b/fs/nfs/delegation.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* linux/fs/nfs/delegation.h
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/dns_resolve.c b/fs/nfs/dns_resolve.c
index d25f10f..060c658 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/dns_resolve.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/dns_resolve.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/nfs/dns_resolve.c
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/dns_resolve.h b/fs/nfs/dns_resolve.h
index 2e4f596..576ff4b 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/dns_resolve.h
+++ b/fs/nfs/dns_resolve.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Resolve DNS hostnames into valid ip addresses
*/
diff --git a/fs/nfs/export.c b/fs/nfs/export.c
index 249cb96..83fd09f 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/export.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/export.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright (c) 2015, Primary Data, Inc. All rights reserved.
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/flexfilelayout/flexfilelayout.h b/fs/nfs/flexfilelayout/flexfilelayout.h
index 98b34c9..679cb08 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/flexfilelayout/flexfilelayout.h
+++ b/fs/nfs/flexfilelayout/flexfilelayout.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* NFSv4 flexfile layout driver data structures.
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/flexfilelayout/flexfilelayoutdev.c b/fs/nfs/flexfilelayout/flexfilelayoutdev.c
index f32c58b..d62279d 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/flexfilelayout/flexfilelayoutdev.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/flexfilelayout/flexfilelayoutdev.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Device operations for the pnfs nfs4 file layout driver.
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/internal.h b/fs/nfs/internal.h
index 5bdf952..f9a4a55 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/internal.h
+++ b/fs/nfs/internal.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* NFS internal definitions
*/
diff --git a/fs/nfs/io.c b/fs/nfs/io.c
index 1fc5d1c..20fef85 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/io.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/io.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright (c) 2016 Trond Myklebust
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/iostat.h b/fs/nfs/iostat.h
index 0cb806f..2ddaab1 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/iostat.h
+++ b/fs/nfs/iostat.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* linux/fs/nfs/iostat.h
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/mount_clnt.c b/fs/nfs/mount_clnt.c
index 60bad88..d979ff4 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/mount_clnt.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/mount_clnt.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* In-kernel MOUNT protocol client
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/netns.h b/fs/nfs/netns.h
index 5fbd2bd..fc9978c 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/netns.h
+++ b/fs/nfs/netns.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* NFS-private data for each "struct net". Accessed with net_generic().
*/
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs.h b/fs/nfs/nfs.h
index 43679df..5ba0061 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs.h
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Copyright (c) 2012 Netapp, Inc. All rights reserved.
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs2xdr.c b/fs/nfs/nfs2xdr.c
index fe68dab..85e4b4a 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs2xdr.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs2xdr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/nfs/nfs2xdr.c
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs3_fs.h b/fs/nfs/nfs3_fs.h
index e134d65..f82e11c 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs3_fs.h
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs3_fs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Copyright (C) 2014 Anna Schumaker.
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs3acl.c b/fs/nfs/nfs3acl.c
index 720d92f5..7173a4e 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs3acl.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs3acl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/gfp.h>
#include <linux/nfs.h>
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs3proc.c b/fs/nfs/nfs3proc.c
index d1e87ec..bc673fb 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs3proc.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs3proc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/nfs/nfs3proc.c
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs3xdr.c b/fs/nfs/nfs3xdr.c
index e82c9e5..6cd33bd 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs3xdr.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs3xdr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/nfs/nfs3xdr.c
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs42.h b/fs/nfs/nfs42.h
index b6cd153..19ec38f8 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs42.h
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs42.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Copyright (c) 2014 Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
*/
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs42proc.c b/fs/nfs/nfs42proc.c
index 6c2db51..9c37444 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs42proc.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs42proc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright (c) 2014 Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
*/
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs42xdr.c b/fs/nfs/nfs42xdr.c
index 5ee1b0f..5966e1e 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs42xdr.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs42xdr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright (c) 2014 Anna Schumaker <Anna.Schumaker@Netapp.com>
*/
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs4_fs.h b/fs/nfs/nfs4_fs.h
index ac4f10b..dcfcf7f 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs4_fs.h
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs4_fs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* linux/fs/nfs/nfs4_fs.h
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs4file.c b/fs/nfs/nfs4file.c
index 0efba77..626d138 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs4file.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs4file.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/nfs/file.c
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs4getroot.c b/fs/nfs/nfs4getroot.c
index ac840601..1a69479 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs4getroot.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs4getroot.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright (C) 2006 Red Hat, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
* Written by David Howells (dhowells@redhat.com)
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs4namespace.c b/fs/nfs/nfs4namespace.c
index 7d531da..8c3f327 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs4namespace.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs4namespace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/nfs/nfs4namespace.c
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs4session.h b/fs/nfs/nfs4session.h
index dfae488..3c550f2 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs4session.h
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs4session.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* fs/nfs/nfs4session.h
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs4sysctl.c b/fs/nfs/nfs4sysctl.c
index 8693d77..0d91d84 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs4sysctl.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs4sysctl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/nfs/nfs4sysctl.c
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs4trace.c b/fs/nfs/nfs4trace.c
index 2850bce..e9fb3e5 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs4trace.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs4trace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright (c) 2013 Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
*/
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfs4trace.h b/fs/nfs/nfs4trace.h
index be1da19..e7c6275 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfs4trace.h
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfs4trace.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Copyright (c) 2013 Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
*/
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfsroot.c b/fs/nfs/nfsroot.c
index 89a15db..effaa424 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfsroot.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfsroot.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright (C) 1995, 1996 Gero Kuhlmann <gero@gkminix.han.de>
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfstrace.c b/fs/nfs/nfstrace.c
index c74f7af..b60d5fb 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfstrace.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfstrace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright (c) 2013 Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
*/
diff --git a/fs/nfs/nfstrace.h b/fs/nfs/nfstrace.h
index 5517110..093290c 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/nfstrace.h
+++ b/fs/nfs/nfstrace.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Copyright (c) 2013 Trond Myklebust <Trond.Myklebust@netapp.com>
*/
diff --git a/fs/nfs/proc.c b/fs/nfs/proc.c
index 7962e49..f7fd919 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/proc.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/proc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/nfs/proc.c
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/symlink.c b/fs/nfs/symlink.c
index 5a1d0de..06eb44b 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/symlink.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/symlink.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/nfs/symlink.c
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/sysctl.c b/fs/nfs/sysctl.c
index bb6ed81..7aea195 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/sysctl.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/sysctl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/nfs/sysctl.c
*
diff --git a/fs/nfs/unlink.c b/fs/nfs/unlink.c
index e3949d9..630b4a3 100644
--- a/fs/nfs/unlink.c
+++ b/fs/nfs/unlink.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/nfs/unlink.c
*
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/Makefile b/fs/nfsd/Makefile
index 5f5d3a7..2bfb58e 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/Makefile
+++ b/fs/nfsd/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for the Linux nfs server
#
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/auth.c b/fs/nfsd/auth.c
index 62469c6..697f8ae 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/auth.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/auth.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/* Copyright (C) 1995, 1996 Olaf Kirch <okir@monad.swb.de> */
#include <linux/sched.h>
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/auth.h b/fs/nfsd/auth.h
index 53325a1..dbd6642 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/auth.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/auth.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* nfsd-specific authentication stuff.
*
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/blocklayout.c b/fs/nfsd/blocklayout.c
index c862c24..3f880ae 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/blocklayout.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/blocklayout.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright (c) 2014-2016 Christoph Hellwig.
*/
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/blocklayoutxdr.c b/fs/nfsd/blocklayoutxdr.c
index ac6f545..4425433 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/blocklayoutxdr.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/blocklayoutxdr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright (c) 2014-2016 Christoph Hellwig.
*/
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/blocklayoutxdr.h b/fs/nfsd/blocklayoutxdr.h
index 397bc75..bc5166bf 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/blocklayoutxdr.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/blocklayoutxdr.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef _NFSD_BLOCKLAYOUTXDR_H
#define _NFSD_BLOCKLAYOUTXDR_H 1
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/cache.h b/fs/nfsd/cache.h
index dd96a38..046b3f0 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/cache.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/cache.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Request reply cache. This was heavily inspired by the
* implementation in 4.3BSD/4.4BSD.
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/current_stateid.h b/fs/nfsd/current_stateid.h
index 34075ce..c28540d 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/current_stateid.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/current_stateid.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef _NFSD4_CURRENT_STATE_H
#define _NFSD4_CURRENT_STATE_H
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/export.c b/fs/nfsd/export.c
index 3bc08c3..46b48db 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/export.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/export.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* NFS exporting and validation.
*
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/export.h b/fs/nfsd/export.h
index 730f15e..c8b7412 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/export.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/export.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Copyright (C) 1995-1997 Olaf Kirch <okir@monad.swb.de>
*/
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/fault_inject.c b/fs/nfsd/fault_inject.c
index 34c1c44..6dfede6d 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/fault_inject.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/fault_inject.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright (c) 2011 Bryan Schumaker <bjschuma@netapp.com>
*
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayout.c b/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayout.c
index b672873..db7ef07 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayout.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayout.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright (c) 2016 Tom Haynes <loghyr@primarydata.com>
*
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayoutxdr.c b/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayoutxdr.c
index 5e3fd7f..e81d2a5 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayoutxdr.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayoutxdr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright (c) 2016 Tom Haynes <loghyr@primarydata.com>
*/
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayoutxdr.h b/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayoutxdr.h
index 467defd..8e195ae 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayoutxdr.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/flexfilelayoutxdr.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Copyright (c) 2016 Tom Haynes <loghyr@primarydata.com>
*/
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/lockd.c b/fs/nfsd/lockd.c
index 1a03bc3..3f5b3d7 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/lockd.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/lockd.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* This file contains all the stubs needed when communicating with lockd.
* This level of indirection is necessary so we can run nfsd+lockd without
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfs2acl.c b/fs/nfsd/nfs2acl.c
index 6276ec8..cbab1d2 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfs2acl.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfs2acl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Process version 2 NFSACL requests.
*
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfs3acl.c b/fs/nfsd/nfs3acl.c
index 0197652..13bca4a 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfs3acl.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfs3acl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Process version 3 NFSACL requests.
*
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfs3proc.c b/fs/nfsd/nfs3proc.c
index 2cb56a0..1d0ce3c 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfs3proc.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfs3proc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Process version 3 NFS requests.
*
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfs3xdr.c b/fs/nfsd/nfs3xdr.c
index bf444b6..f38acd9 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfs3xdr.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfs3xdr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* XDR support for nfsd/protocol version 3.
*
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfs4layouts.c b/fs/nfsd/nfs4layouts.c
index e122da6..ea45d95 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfs4layouts.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfs4layouts.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright (c) 2014 Christoph Hellwig.
*/
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfscache.c b/fs/nfsd/nfscache.c
index 96fd159..334f2ad 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfscache.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfscache.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Request reply cache. This is currently a global cache, but this may
* change in the future and be a per-client cache.
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfsd.h b/fs/nfsd/nfsd.h
index b9c538a..3fce905 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfsd.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfsd.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Hodge-podge collection of knfsd-related stuff.
* I will sort this out later.
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfsfh.c b/fs/nfsd/nfsfh.c
index cfe7500..8aa0118 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfsfh.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfsfh.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* NFS server file handle treatment.
*
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfsfh.h b/fs/nfsd/nfsfh.h
index e47cf6c..43f31cf 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfsfh.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfsfh.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997 Olaf Kirch <okir@monad.swb.de>
*
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfsproc.c b/fs/nfsd/nfsproc.c
index 5076ae2..43c0419 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfsproc.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfsproc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Process version 2 NFS requests.
*
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfssvc.c b/fs/nfsd/nfssvc.c
index 7e3af3e..e02bd27 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfssvc.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfssvc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Central processing for nfsd.
*
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/nfsxdr.c b/fs/nfsd/nfsxdr.c
index e4da271..644a034 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/nfsxdr.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/nfsxdr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* XDR support for nfsd
*
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/pnfs.h b/fs/nfsd/pnfs.h
index d27a5aa..4f4282d 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/pnfs.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/pnfs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef _FS_NFSD_PNFS_H
#define _FS_NFSD_PNFS_H 1
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/stats.c b/fs/nfsd/stats.c
index d97338b..9bce3b9 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/stats.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/stats.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* procfs-based user access to knfsd statistics
*
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/stats.h b/fs/nfsd/stats.h
index a5c944b..b23fdac 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/stats.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/stats.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Statistics for NFS server.
*
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/trace.h b/fs/nfsd/trace.h
index 3287041..8b2f1d9 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/trace.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/trace.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Copyright (c) 2014 Christoph Hellwig.
*/
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/vfs.c b/fs/nfsd/vfs.c
index bc69d40..a3c9bfa 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/vfs.c
+++ b/fs/nfsd/vfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* File operations used by nfsd. Some of these have been ripped from
* other parts of the kernel because they weren't exported, others
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/vfs.h b/fs/nfsd/vfs.h
index 1bbdccec..be6d8e0 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/vfs.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/vfs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Copyright (C) 1995-1997 Olaf Kirch <okir@monad.swb.de>
*/
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/xdr.h b/fs/nfsd/xdr.h
index 457ce45..2f4f22e 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/xdr.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/xdr.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/* XDR types for nfsd. This is mainly a typing exercise. */
#ifndef LINUX_NFSD_H
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/xdr3.h b/fs/nfsd/xdr3.h
index 80d7da6..056bf8a 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/xdr3.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/xdr3.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* XDR types for NFSv3 in nfsd.
*
diff --git a/fs/nfsd/xdr4cb.h b/fs/nfsd/xdr4cb.h
index 49b719d..517239a 100644
--- a/fs/nfsd/xdr4cb.h
+++ b/fs/nfsd/xdr4cb.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#define NFS4_MAXTAGLEN 20
#define NFS4_enc_cb_null_sz 0
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/Makefile b/fs/nilfs2/Makefile
index fc603e0..43b60b8 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/Makefile
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
obj-$(CONFIG_NILFS2_FS) += nilfs2.o
nilfs2-y := inode.o file.o dir.o super.o namei.o page.o mdt.o \
btnode.o bmap.o btree.o direct.o dat.o recovery.o \
diff --git a/fs/nilfs2/export.h b/fs/nilfs2/export.h
index 00107fd..d29fd83 100644
--- a/fs/nilfs2/export.h
+++ b/fs/nilfs2/export.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef NILFS_EXPORT_H
#define NILFS_EXPORT_H
diff --git a/fs/nls/Makefile b/fs/nls/Makefile
index 8ae37c1..ac54db2 100644
--- a/fs/nls/Makefile
+++ b/fs/nls/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for native language support
#
diff --git a/fs/notify/Makefile b/fs/notify/Makefile
index 3e969ae..63a4b88 100644
--- a/fs/notify/Makefile
+++ b/fs/notify/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
obj-$(CONFIG_FSNOTIFY) += fsnotify.o notification.o group.o mark.o \
fdinfo.o
diff --git a/fs/notify/fanotify/fanotify.c b/fs/notify/fanotify/fanotify.c
index 2fa99ae..09640b5 100644
--- a/fs/notify/fanotify/fanotify.c
+++ b/fs/notify/fanotify/fanotify.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/fanotify.h>
#include <linux/fdtable.h>
#include <linux/fsnotify_backend.h>
diff --git a/fs/notify/fanotify/fanotify.h b/fs/notify/fanotify/fanotify.h
index 4eb6f5e..7dacb7d 100644
--- a/fs/notify/fanotify/fanotify.h
+++ b/fs/notify/fanotify/fanotify.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#include <linux/fsnotify_backend.h>
#include <linux/path.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
diff --git a/fs/notify/fanotify/fanotify_user.c b/fs/notify/fanotify/fanotify_user.c
index 907a481..9752e72 100644
--- a/fs/notify/fanotify/fanotify_user.c
+++ b/fs/notify/fanotify/fanotify_user.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/fanotify.h>
#include <linux/fcntl.h>
#include <linux/file.h>
diff --git a/fs/notify/fdinfo.c b/fs/notify/fdinfo.c
index dd63aa9..517f88c 100644
--- a/fs/notify/fdinfo.c
+++ b/fs/notify/fdinfo.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/file.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/fsnotify_backend.h>
diff --git a/fs/notify/fdinfo.h b/fs/notify/fdinfo.h
index 9664c49..5c9937e 100644
--- a/fs/notify/fdinfo.h
+++ b/fs/notify/fdinfo.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef __FSNOTIFY_FDINFO_H__
#define __FSNOTIFY_FDINFO_H__
diff --git a/fs/notify/fsnotify.h b/fs/notify/fsnotify.h
index bf012e8..60f365d 100644
--- a/fs/notify/fsnotify.h
+++ b/fs/notify/fsnotify.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef __FS_NOTIFY_FSNOTIFY_H_
#define __FS_NOTIFY_FSNOTIFY_H_
diff --git a/fs/notify/inotify/inotify.h b/fs/notify/inotify/inotify.h
index 9ff67b6..c00d2ca 100644
--- a/fs/notify/inotify/inotify.h
+++ b/fs/notify/inotify/inotify.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#include <linux/fsnotify_backend.h>
#include <linux/inotify.h>
#include <linux/slab.h> /* struct kmem_cache */
diff --git a/fs/nsfs.c b/fs/nsfs.c
index 08127a2..ef243e1 100644
--- a/fs/nsfs.c
+++ b/fs/nsfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/mount.h>
#include <linux/file.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
diff --git a/fs/ntfs/Makefile b/fs/ntfs/Makefile
index 2ff263e..3e73657 100644
--- a/fs/ntfs/Makefile
+++ b/fs/ntfs/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
# Rules for making the NTFS driver.
obj-$(CONFIG_NTFS_FS) += ntfs.o
diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/Makefile b/fs/ocfs2/Makefile
index 4342c7e..99ee093 100644
--- a/fs/ocfs2/Makefile
+++ b/fs/ocfs2/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
ccflags-y := -Ifs/ocfs2
obj-$(CONFIG_OCFS2_FS) += \
diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c b/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c
index 4506ec5..ab30c005 100644
--- a/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c
+++ b/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.h b/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.h
index 0cd5323..9f5e4d9 100644
--- a/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.h
+++ b/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* ioctl.h
*
diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/mmap.h b/fs/ocfs2/mmap.h
index 1274ee0f..1051507 100644
--- a/fs/ocfs2/mmap.h
+++ b/fs/ocfs2/mmap.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef OCFS2_MMAP_H
#define OCFS2_MMAP_H
diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/ocfs2_trace.h b/fs/ocfs2/ocfs2_trace.h
index 0b58abc..a0b5d00 100644
--- a/fs/ocfs2/ocfs2_trace.h
+++ b/fs/ocfs2/ocfs2_trace.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#undef TRACE_SYSTEM
#define TRACE_SYSTEM ocfs2
diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/quota.h b/fs/ocfs2/quota.h
index d153e6e..ebb5c99 100644
--- a/fs/ocfs2/quota.h
+++ b/fs/ocfs2/quota.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* quota.h for OCFS2
*
diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/quota_global.c b/fs/ocfs2/quota_global.c
index c94b6ba..b39d14c 100644
--- a/fs/ocfs2/quota_global.c
+++ b/fs/ocfs2/quota_global.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Implementation of operations over global quota file
*/
diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/quota_local.c b/fs/ocfs2/quota_local.c
index aa700fd..16c42ed 100644
--- a/fs/ocfs2/quota_local.c
+++ b/fs/ocfs2/quota_local.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Implementation of operations over local quota file
*/
diff --git a/fs/omfs/bitmap.c b/fs/omfs/bitmap.c
index 83f4e76..7147ba6 100644
--- a/fs/omfs/bitmap.c
+++ b/fs/omfs/bitmap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
diff --git a/fs/omfs/omfs.h b/fs/omfs/omfs.h
index f0f8bc7..4008be7 100644
--- a/fs/omfs/omfs.h
+++ b/fs/omfs/omfs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef _OMFS_H
#define _OMFS_H
diff --git a/fs/omfs/omfs_fs.h b/fs/omfs/omfs_fs.h
index 83a9833..caecb3d 100644
--- a/fs/omfs/omfs_fs.h
+++ b/fs/omfs/omfs_fs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef _OMFS_FS_H
#define _OMFS_FS_H
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/Makefile b/fs/orangefs/Makefile
index a9d6a96..9b6c50b 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/Makefile
+++ b/fs/orangefs/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for the ORANGEFS filesystem.
#
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/acl.c b/fs/orangefs/acl.c
index 9108ef4..c2d8233 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/acl.c
+++ b/fs/orangefs/acl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* (C) 2001 Clemson University and The University of Chicago
*
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/dcache.c b/fs/orangefs/dcache.c
index 5355efb..ae782df 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/dcache.c
+++ b/fs/orangefs/dcache.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* (C) 2001 Clemson University and The University of Chicago
*
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/devorangefs-req.c b/fs/orangefs/devorangefs-req.c
index 2826859..ded456f 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/devorangefs-req.c
+++ b/fs/orangefs/devorangefs-req.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* (C) 2001 Clemson University and The University of Chicago
*
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/dir.c b/fs/orangefs/dir.c
index d327cbd..a8cc588 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/dir.c
+++ b/fs/orangefs/dir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright 2017 Omnibond Systems, L.L.C.
*/
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/downcall.h b/fs/orangefs/downcall.h
index 163001c..ea2332e 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/downcall.h
+++ b/fs/orangefs/downcall.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* (C) 2001 Clemson University and The University of Chicago
*
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/file.c b/fs/orangefs/file.c
index 336ecbf..e4a8e6a 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/file.c
+++ b/fs/orangefs/file.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* (C) 2001 Clemson University and The University of Chicago
*
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/inode.c b/fs/orangefs/inode.c
index 9428ea0..28825a5 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/inode.c
+++ b/fs/orangefs/inode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* (C) 2001 Clemson University and The University of Chicago
*
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/namei.c b/fs/orangefs/namei.c
index 478e88bd..7e9e5d0e 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/namei.c
+++ b/fs/orangefs/namei.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* (C) 2001 Clemson University and The University of Chicago
*
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/orangefs-bufmap.c b/fs/orangefs/orangefs-bufmap.c
index 7ef473f..59f444d 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/orangefs-bufmap.c
+++ b/fs/orangefs/orangefs-bufmap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* (C) 2001 Clemson University and The University of Chicago
*
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/orangefs-bufmap.h b/fs/orangefs/orangefs-bufmap.h
index 71f64f4..c2c3c5a 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/orangefs-bufmap.h
+++ b/fs/orangefs/orangefs-bufmap.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* (C) 2001 Clemson University and The University of Chicago
*
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/orangefs-cache.c b/fs/orangefs/orangefs-cache.c
index aa3830b..3b6982b 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/orangefs-cache.c
+++ b/fs/orangefs/orangefs-cache.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* (C) 2001 Clemson University and The University of Chicago
*
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/orangefs-debug.h b/fs/orangefs/orangefs-debug.h
index 387db17..b6001bb 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/orangefs-debug.h
+++ b/fs/orangefs/orangefs-debug.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* (C) 2001 Clemson University and The University of Chicago
*
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/orangefs-debugfs.c b/fs/orangefs/orangefs-debugfs.c
index 5f59917..1c59dff 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/orangefs-debugfs.c
+++ b/fs/orangefs/orangefs-debugfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* What: /sys/kernel/debug/orangefs/debug-help
* Date: June 2015
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/orangefs-debugfs.h b/fs/orangefs/orangefs-debugfs.h
index 8035172..b5fd9cd 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/orangefs-debugfs.h
+++ b/fs/orangefs/orangefs-debugfs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
int orangefs_debugfs_init(int);
void orangefs_debugfs_cleanup(void);
int orangefs_client_debug_init(void);
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/orangefs-dev-proto.h b/fs/orangefs/orangefs-dev-proto.h
index efe08c7..dc66098 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/orangefs-dev-proto.h
+++ b/fs/orangefs/orangefs-dev-proto.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* (C) 2001 Clemson University and The University of Chicago
*
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/orangefs-kernel.h b/fs/orangefs/orangefs-kernel.h
index ea0ce50..004af34 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/orangefs-kernel.h
+++ b/fs/orangefs/orangefs-kernel.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* (C) 2001 Clemson University and The University of Chicago
*
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/orangefs-sysfs.c b/fs/orangefs/orangefs-sysfs.c
index afd2f52..079a465 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/orangefs-sysfs.c
+++ b/fs/orangefs/orangefs-sysfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Documentation/ABI/stable/orangefs-sysfs:
*
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/orangefs-utils.c b/fs/orangefs/orangefs-utils.c
index aab6f18..f823364 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/orangefs-utils.c
+++ b/fs/orangefs/orangefs-utils.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* (C) 2001 Clemson University and The University of Chicago
*
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/protocol.h b/fs/orangefs/protocol.h
index 48bcc1b..e0bf5e4 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/protocol.h
+++ b/fs/orangefs/protocol.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/spinlock_types.h>
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/super.c b/fs/orangefs/super.c
index 47f3fb9..47ebd9b 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/super.c
+++ b/fs/orangefs/super.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* (C) 2001 Clemson University and The University of Chicago
*
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/symlink.c b/fs/orangefs/symlink.c
index 02b1bbd..d856cdf 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/symlink.c
+++ b/fs/orangefs/symlink.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* (C) 2001 Clemson University and The University of Chicago
*
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/upcall.h b/fs/orangefs/upcall.h
index b8249f8..1611845 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/upcall.h
+++ b/fs/orangefs/upcall.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* (C) 2001 Clemson University and The University of Chicago
*
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/waitqueue.c b/fs/orangefs/waitqueue.c
index 61e2ca7..835c6e1 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/waitqueue.c
+++ b/fs/orangefs/waitqueue.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* (C) 2001 Clemson University and The University of Chicago
* (C) 2011 Omnibond Systems
diff --git a/fs/orangefs/xattr.c b/fs/orangefs/xattr.c
index 81ac88b..03bcb87 100644
--- a/fs/orangefs/xattr.c
+++ b/fs/orangefs/xattr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* (C) 2001 Clemson University and The University of Chicago
*
diff --git a/fs/pipe.c b/fs/pipe.c
index 97e5be8..349c9d5 100644
--- a/fs/pipe.c
+++ b/fs/pipe.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/pipe.c
*
diff --git a/fs/proc/Makefile b/fs/proc/Makefile
index 12c6922c..f7456c4 100644
--- a/fs/proc/Makefile
+++ b/fs/proc/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for the Linux proc filesystem routines.
#
diff --git a/fs/proc/array.c b/fs/proc/array.c
index 77a8eac..9390032 100644
--- a/fs/proc/array.c
+++ b/fs/proc/array.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/proc/array.c
*
diff --git a/fs/proc/base.c b/fs/proc/base.c
index ad3b076..9d357b2 100644
--- a/fs/proc/base.c
+++ b/fs/proc/base.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/proc/base.c
*
diff --git a/fs/proc/cmdline.c b/fs/proc/cmdline.c
index cbd82df..403cbb1 100644
--- a/fs/proc/cmdline.c
+++ b/fs/proc/cmdline.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
diff --git a/fs/proc/cpuinfo.c b/fs/proc/cpuinfo.c
index 06f4d31..e0f867c 100644
--- a/fs/proc/cpuinfo.c
+++ b/fs/proc/cpuinfo.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
diff --git a/fs/proc/devices.c b/fs/proc/devices.c
index e570934..2c7f22b 100644
--- a/fs/proc/devices.c
+++ b/fs/proc/devices.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
diff --git a/fs/proc/fd.c b/fs/proc/fd.c
index c330495..96fc702 100644
--- a/fs/proc/fd.c
+++ b/fs/proc/fd.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/sched/signal.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/dcache.h>
diff --git a/fs/proc/fd.h b/fs/proc/fd.h
index 46dafad..f371a60 100644
--- a/fs/proc/fd.h
+++ b/fs/proc/fd.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef __PROCFS_FD_H__
#define __PROCFS_FD_H__
diff --git a/fs/proc/inode.c b/fs/proc/inode.c
index e250910..225f541 100644
--- a/fs/proc/inode.c
+++ b/fs/proc/inode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/proc/inode.c
*
diff --git a/fs/proc/interrupts.c b/fs/proc/interrupts.c
index a352d57..6a6bee9 100644
--- a/fs/proc/interrupts.c
+++ b/fs/proc/interrupts.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
diff --git a/fs/proc/kcore.c b/fs/proc/kcore.c
index 45629f4..4bc85cb 100644
--- a/fs/proc/kcore.c
+++ b/fs/proc/kcore.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* fs/proc/kcore.c kernel ELF core dumper
*
diff --git a/fs/proc/kmsg.c b/fs/proc/kmsg.c
index f9387bb..e0f8774 100644
--- a/fs/proc/kmsg.c
+++ b/fs/proc/kmsg.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/proc/kmsg.c
*
diff --git a/fs/proc/loadavg.c b/fs/proc/loadavg.c
index 983fce5..9bc5c58 100644
--- a/fs/proc/loadavg.c
+++ b/fs/proc/loadavg.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
diff --git a/fs/proc/meminfo.c b/fs/proc/meminfo.c
index cdd9797..6bb20f8 100644
--- a/fs/proc/meminfo.c
+++ b/fs/proc/meminfo.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
diff --git a/fs/proc/namespaces.c b/fs/proc/namespaces.c
index 3803b24..59b17e5 100644
--- a/fs/proc/namespaces.c
+++ b/fs/proc/namespaces.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/nsproxy.h>
#include <linux/ptrace.h>
diff --git a/fs/proc/page.c b/fs/proc/page.c
index 2726536..1491918 100644
--- a/fs/proc/page.c
+++ b/fs/proc/page.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/bootmem.h>
#include <linux/compiler.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
diff --git a/fs/proc/proc_sysctl.c b/fs/proc/proc_sysctl.c
index 8f47922..c5cbbdf 100644
--- a/fs/proc/proc_sysctl.c
+++ b/fs/proc/proc_sysctl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* /proc/sys support
*/
diff --git a/fs/proc/proc_tty.c b/fs/proc/proc_tty.c
index 901bd06..2da6578 100644
--- a/fs/proc/proc_tty.c
+++ b/fs/proc/proc_tty.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* proc_tty.c -- handles /proc/tty
*
diff --git a/fs/proc/root.c b/fs/proc/root.c
index 926fb27..4e42aba 100644
--- a/fs/proc/root.c
+++ b/fs/proc/root.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/proc/root.c
*
diff --git a/fs/proc/self.c b/fs/proc/self.c
index 39857f6..31326bb 100644
--- a/fs/proc/self.c
+++ b/fs/proc/self.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
diff --git a/fs/proc/softirqs.c b/fs/proc/softirqs.c
index ad8a77f..24072cc 100644
--- a/fs/proc/softirqs.c
+++ b/fs/proc/softirqs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
diff --git a/fs/proc/stat.c b/fs/proc/stat.c
index bd4e55f..59749df 100644
--- a/fs/proc/stat.c
+++ b/fs/proc/stat.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/cpumask.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
diff --git a/fs/proc/task_mmu.c b/fs/proc/task_mmu.c
index 5589b4b..280282b 100644
--- a/fs/proc/task_mmu.c
+++ b/fs/proc/task_mmu.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/vmacache.h>
#include <linux/hugetlb.h>
diff --git a/fs/proc/task_nommu.c b/fs/proc/task_nommu.c
index b00b7660..5b62f57 100644
--- a/fs/proc/task_nommu.c
+++ b/fs/proc/task_nommu.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/file.h>
diff --git a/fs/proc/thread_self.c b/fs/proc/thread_self.c
index 20614b6..b813e3b 100644
--- a/fs/proc/thread_self.c
+++ b/fs/proc/thread_self.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
diff --git a/fs/proc/uptime.c b/fs/proc/uptime.c
index 7981c4f..95a708d 100644
--- a/fs/proc/uptime.c
+++ b/fs/proc/uptime.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
diff --git a/fs/proc/version.c b/fs/proc/version.c
index d2154eb..94901e8 100644
--- a/fs/proc/version.c
+++ b/fs/proc/version.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
diff --git a/fs/proc_namespace.c b/fs/proc_namespace.c
index 99dff22..7626ee1 100644
--- a/fs/proc_namespace.c
+++ b/fs/proc_namespace.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* fs/proc_namespace.c - handling of /proc/<pid>/{mounts,mountinfo,mountstats}
*
diff --git a/fs/pstore/Makefile b/fs/pstore/Makefile
index b8803cc0..967b589 100644
--- a/fs/pstore/Makefile
+++ b/fs/pstore/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for the linux pstorefs routines.
#
diff --git a/fs/pstore/internal.h b/fs/pstore/internal.h
index 7f4e48c..c029314 100644
--- a/fs/pstore/internal.h
+++ b/fs/pstore/internal.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef __PSTORE_INTERNAL_H__
#define __PSTORE_INTERNAL_H__
diff --git a/fs/qnx4/bitmap.c b/fs/qnx4/bitmap.c
index 76a7a69..163afc4 100644
--- a/fs/qnx4/bitmap.c
+++ b/fs/qnx4/bitmap.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* QNX4 file system, Linux implementation.
*
diff --git a/fs/qnx4/dir.c b/fs/qnx4/dir.c
index 781056a..a6ee23a 100644
--- a/fs/qnx4/dir.c
+++ b/fs/qnx4/dir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* QNX4 file system, Linux implementation.
*
diff --git a/fs/qnx4/namei.c b/fs/qnx4/namei.c
index e62c818..eca2787 100644
--- a/fs/qnx4/namei.c
+++ b/fs/qnx4/namei.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* QNX4 file system, Linux implementation.
*
diff --git a/fs/qnx4/qnx4.h b/fs/qnx4/qnx4.h
index c9b1be2..6283705 100644
--- a/fs/qnx4/qnx4.h
+++ b/fs/qnx4/qnx4.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/qnx4_fs.h>
diff --git a/fs/qnx6/dir.c b/fs/qnx6/dir.c
index 27637e0..c1cfb8a 100644
--- a/fs/qnx6/dir.c
+++ b/fs/qnx6/dir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* QNX6 file system, Linux implementation.
*
diff --git a/fs/qnx6/namei.c b/fs/qnx6/namei.c
index 6c1a323..72c2770 100644
--- a/fs/qnx6/namei.c
+++ b/fs/qnx6/namei.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* QNX6 file system, Linux implementation.
*
diff --git a/fs/qnx6/qnx6.h b/fs/qnx6/qnx6.h
index f23b5c4..34a6b126 100644
--- a/fs/qnx6/qnx6.h
+++ b/fs/qnx6/qnx6.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* QNX6 file system, Linux implementation.
*
diff --git a/fs/qnx6/super_mmi.c b/fs/qnx6/super_mmi.c
index 62aaf3e..d282c2c7 100644
--- a/fs/qnx6/super_mmi.c
+++ b/fs/qnx6/super_mmi.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* QNX6 file system, Linux implementation.
*
diff --git a/fs/quota/Makefile b/fs/quota/Makefile
index c66c37c..f2b49d0 100644
--- a/fs/quota/Makefile
+++ b/fs/quota/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
obj-$(CONFIG_QUOTA) += dquot.o
obj-$(CONFIG_QFMT_V1) += quota_v1.o
obj-$(CONFIG_QFMT_V2) += quota_v2.o
diff --git a/fs/quota/compat.c b/fs/quota/compat.c
index fb1892f..779caed 100644
--- a/fs/quota/compat.c
+++ b/fs/quota/compat.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/compat.h>
diff --git a/fs/quota/dquot.c b/fs/quota/dquot.c
index 52ad151..9f78b50 100644
--- a/fs/quota/dquot.c
+++ b/fs/quota/dquot.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Implementation of the diskquota system for the LINUX operating system. QUOTA
* is implemented using the BSD system call interface as the means of
diff --git a/fs/quota/kqid.c b/fs/quota/kqid.c
index ebc5e62..f814fa9 100644
--- a/fs/quota/kqid.c
+++ b/fs/quota/kqid.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/quota.h>
#include <linux/export.h>
diff --git a/fs/quota/netlink.c b/fs/quota/netlink.c
index e99b1a7..95acdae 100644
--- a/fs/quota/netlink.c
+++ b/fs/quota/netlink.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/cred.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
diff --git a/fs/quota/quota.c b/fs/quota/quota.c
index a9c5dfe..43612e2 100644
--- a/fs/quota/quota.c
+++ b/fs/quota/quota.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Quota code necessary even when VFS quota support is not compiled
* into the kernel. The interesting stuff is over in dquot.c, here
diff --git a/fs/quota/quota_tree.h b/fs/quota/quota_tree.h
index a1ab8db..31cf27e 100644
--- a/fs/quota/quota_tree.h
+++ b/fs/quota/quota_tree.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Definitions of structures for vfsv0 quota format
*/
diff --git a/fs/quota/quotaio_v1.h b/fs/quota/quotaio_v1.h
index 746654b..bd11e2c 100644
--- a/fs/quota/quotaio_v1.h
+++ b/fs/quota/quotaio_v1.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef _LINUX_QUOTAIO_V1_H
#define _LINUX_QUOTAIO_V1_H
diff --git a/fs/quota/quotaio_v2.h b/fs/quota/quotaio_v2.h
index 4e95430..43cf0f0 100644
--- a/fs/quota/quotaio_v2.h
+++ b/fs/quota/quotaio_v2.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Definitions of structures for vfsv0 quota format
*/
diff --git a/fs/read_write.c b/fs/read_write.c
index f0d4b16..0046d72 100644
--- a/fs/read_write.c
+++ b/fs/read_write.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/read_write.c
*
diff --git a/fs/readdir.c b/fs/readdir.c
index 8965954..d336db6 100644
--- a/fs/readdir.c
+++ b/fs/readdir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/readdir.c
*
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/Makefile b/fs/reiserfs/Makefile
index 3c3b001..a39a562 100644
--- a/fs/reiserfs/Makefile
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for the linux reiser-filesystem routines.
#
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/acl.h b/fs/reiserfs/acl.h
index 4a211f5..0c1c847 100644
--- a/fs/reiserfs/acl.h
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/acl.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/posix_acl.h>
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/journal.c b/fs/reiserfs/journal.c
index f59c667..69ff280 100644
--- a/fs/reiserfs/journal.c
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/journal.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Write ahead logging implementation copyright Chris Mason 2000
*
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/lock.c b/fs/reiserfs/lock.c
index 045b83ef..46bd7bd 100644
--- a/fs/reiserfs/lock.c
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/lock.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include "reiserfs.h"
#include <linux/mutex.h>
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/reiserfs.h b/fs/reiserfs/reiserfs.h
index 1d34377..48835a6 100644
--- a/fs/reiserfs/reiserfs.h
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/reiserfs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Copyright 1996, 1997, 1998 Hans Reiser, see reiserfs/README for
* licensing and copyright details
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/tail_conversion.c b/fs/reiserfs/tail_conversion.c
index 2d5489b..b0ae088 100644
--- a/fs/reiserfs/tail_conversion.c
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/tail_conversion.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright 1999 Hans Reiser, see reiserfs/README for licensing and copyright
* details
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/xattr.c b/fs/reiserfs/xattr.c
index e87aa21..46492fb 100644
--- a/fs/reiserfs/xattr.c
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/xattr.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/reiserfs/xattr.c
*
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/xattr.h b/fs/reiserfs/xattr.h
index 613ff5a..c764352 100644
--- a/fs/reiserfs/xattr.h
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/xattr.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#include <linux/reiserfs_xattr.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/xattr_acl.c b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_acl.c
index 54415f0..aa9380b 100644
--- a/fs/reiserfs/xattr_acl.c
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_acl.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/capability.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/posix_acl.h>
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/xattr_security.c b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_security.c
index e4cbb77..20be9a0 100644
--- a/fs/reiserfs/xattr_security.c
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_security.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include "reiserfs.h"
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/xattr_trusted.c b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_trusted.c
index f15a5f9..5ed48da 100644
--- a/fs/reiserfs/xattr_trusted.c
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_trusted.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include "reiserfs.h"
#include <linux/capability.h>
#include <linux/errno.h>
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/xattr_user.c b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_user.c
index dc59df4..a573ca4 100644
--- a/fs/reiserfs/xattr_user.c
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_user.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include "reiserfs.h"
#include <linux/errno.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
diff --git a/fs/romfs/Makefile b/fs/romfs/Makefile
index 420beb7..844928f 100644
--- a/fs/romfs/Makefile
+++ b/fs/romfs/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for the linux RomFS filesystem routines.
#
diff --git a/fs/select.c b/fs/select.c
index c6362e3..063067e 100644
--- a/fs/select.c
+++ b/fs/select.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* This file contains the procedures for the handling of select and poll
*
diff --git a/fs/seq_file.c b/fs/seq_file.c
index dc7c2be..4be761c 100644
--- a/fs/seq_file.c
+++ b/fs/seq_file.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/seq_file.c
*
diff --git a/fs/signalfd.c b/fs/signalfd.c
index d2c43411..1c667af 100644
--- a/fs/signalfd.c
+++ b/fs/signalfd.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* fs/signalfd.c
*
diff --git a/fs/squashfs/Makefile b/fs/squashfs/Makefile
index 6655631..7bd9b8b 100644
--- a/fs/squashfs/Makefile
+++ b/fs/squashfs/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#
# Makefile for the linux squashfs routines.
#
diff --git a/fs/stat.c b/fs/stat.c
index 8a6aa8c..873785d 100644
--- a/fs/stat.c
+++ b/fs/stat.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/stat.c
*
diff --git a/fs/statfs.c b/fs/statfs.c
index fab9b6a..c25dd9a 100644
--- a/fs/statfs.c
+++ b/fs/statfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
diff --git a/fs/super.c b/fs/super.c
index 166c4ee..994db21 100644
--- a/fs/super.c
+++ b/fs/super.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/super.c
*
diff --git a/fs/sync.c b/fs/sync.c
index a576aa2..83ac79a 100644
--- a/fs/sync.c
+++ b/fs/sync.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* High-level sync()-related operations
*/
diff --git a/fs/sysv/balloc.c b/fs/sysv/balloc.c
index 862c1f7..0e69dbd 100644
--- a/fs/sysv/balloc.c
+++ b/fs/sysv/balloc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/sysv/balloc.c
*
diff --git a/fs/sysv/dir.c b/fs/sysv/dir.c
index f5191cb..88e38cd 100644
--- a/fs/sysv/dir.c
+++ b/fs/sysv/dir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/sysv/dir.c
*
diff --git a/fs/sysv/file.c b/fs/sysv/file.c
index 7ba997e..45fc79a 100644
--- a/fs/sysv/file.c
+++ b/fs/sysv/file.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/sysv/file.c
*
diff --git a/fs/sysv/ialloc.c b/fs/sysv/ialloc.c
index eb963fb..6c98019 100644
--- a/fs/sysv/ialloc.c
+++ b/fs/sysv/ialloc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/sysv/ialloc.c
*
diff --git a/fs/sysv/inode.c b/fs/sysv/inode.c
index 1c8bf94..3c47b7d 100644
--- a/fs/sysv/inode.c
+++ b/fs/sysv/inode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/sysv/inode.c
*
diff --git a/fs/sysv/itree.c b/fs/sysv/itree.c
index 83809f5..bcb67b0 100644
--- a/fs/sysv/itree.c
+++ b/fs/sysv/itree.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/sysv/itree.c
*
diff --git a/fs/sysv/namei.c b/fs/sysv/namei.c
index d8817f1..250b075 100644
--- a/fs/sysv/namei.c
+++ b/fs/sysv/namei.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/sysv/namei.c
*
diff --git a/fs/sysv/sysv.h b/fs/sysv/sysv.h
index 1e7e27c..e913698 100644
--- a/fs/sysv/sysv.h
+++ b/fs/sysv/sysv.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef _SYSV_H
#define _SYSV_H
diff --git a/fs/timerfd.c b/fs/timerfd.c
index ece0c02..040612e 100644
--- a/fs/timerfd.c
+++ b/fs/timerfd.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* fs/timerfd.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/Makefile b/fs/ubifs/Makefile
index 6f3251c..9758f70 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/Makefile
+++ b/fs/ubifs/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
obj-$(CONFIG_UBIFS_FS) += ubifs.o
ubifs-y += shrinker.o journal.o file.o dir.o super.o sb.o io.o
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/crypto.c b/fs/ubifs/crypto.c
index 114ba45..16a5d5c 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/crypto.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/crypto.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include "ubifs.h"
static int ubifs_crypt_get_context(struct inode *inode, void *ctx, size_t len)
diff --git a/fs/ubifs/misc.c b/fs/ubifs/misc.c
index 486a284..586fd5b 100644
--- a/fs/ubifs/misc.c
+++ b/fs/ubifs/misc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include "ubifs.h"
diff --git a/fs/udf/udf_i.h b/fs/udf/udf_i.h
index b1b9a63..630426f 100644
--- a/fs/udf/udf_i.h
+++ b/fs/udf/udf_i.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef _UDF_I_H
#define _UDF_I_H
diff --git a/fs/udf/udf_sb.h b/fs/udf/udf_sb.h
index c13875d..68c9f1d 100644
--- a/fs/udf/udf_sb.h
+++ b/fs/udf/udf_sb.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef __LINUX_UDF_SB_H
#define __LINUX_UDF_SB_H
diff --git a/fs/udf/udfdecl.h b/fs/udf/udfdecl.h
index 63b0349..fa20655 100644
--- a/fs/udf/udfdecl.h
+++ b/fs/udf/udfdecl.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef __UDF_DECL_H
#define __UDF_DECL_H
diff --git a/fs/udf/udfend.h b/fs/udf/udfend.h
index 6a9f3a9..a4363ac 100644
--- a/fs/udf/udfend.h
+++ b/fs/udf/udfend.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef __UDF_ENDIAN_H
#define __UDF_ENDIAN_H
diff --git a/fs/ufs/balloc.c b/fs/ufs/balloc.c
index f80be4c..b5cd790 100644
--- a/fs/ufs/balloc.c
+++ b/fs/ufs/balloc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ufs/balloc.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ufs/cylinder.c b/fs/ufs/cylinder.c
index b467632..1abe545 100644
--- a/fs/ufs/cylinder.c
+++ b/fs/ufs/cylinder.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ufs/cylinder.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ufs/dir.c b/fs/ufs/dir.c
index 48609f1..2edc175 100644
--- a/fs/ufs/dir.c
+++ b/fs/ufs/dir.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ufs/ufs_dir.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ufs/file.c b/fs/ufs/file.c
index 042ddbf..7e08758 100644
--- a/fs/ufs/file.c
+++ b/fs/ufs/file.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ufs/file.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ufs/ialloc.c b/fs/ufs/ialloc.c
index d1dd8cc3..916b4a4 100644
--- a/fs/ufs/ialloc.c
+++ b/fs/ufs/ialloc.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ufs/ialloc.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ufs/inode.c b/fs/ufs/inode.c
index f36d6a5..afb601c 100644
--- a/fs/ufs/inode.c
+++ b/fs/ufs/inode.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ufs/inode.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ufs/namei.c b/fs/ufs/namei.c
index 8eca4ed..32545cd 100644
--- a/fs/ufs/namei.c
+++ b/fs/ufs/namei.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ufs/namei.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ufs/swab.h b/fs/ufs/swab.h
index 8d974c4..a0e1d8c 100644
--- a/fs/ufs/swab.h
+++ b/fs/ufs/swab.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* linux/fs/ufs/swab.h
*
diff --git a/fs/ufs/ufs.h b/fs/ufs/ufs.h
index c87f4c3..b49e0ef 100644
--- a/fs/ufs/ufs.h
+++ b/fs/ufs/ufs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef _UFS_UFS_H
#define _UFS_UFS_H 1
diff --git a/fs/ufs/ufs_fs.h b/fs/ufs/ufs_fs.h
index 150eef6..ef9ead4 100644
--- a/fs/ufs/ufs_fs.h
+++ b/fs/ufs/ufs_fs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* linux/include/linux/ufs_fs.h
*
diff --git a/fs/ufs/util.c b/fs/ufs/util.c
index 02497a4..4fa633f 100644
--- a/fs/ufs/util.c
+++ b/fs/ufs/util.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* linux/fs/ufs/util.c
*
diff --git a/fs/ufs/util.h b/fs/ufs/util.h
index 9fc7119..1907be6 100644
--- a/fs/ufs/util.h
+++ b/fs/ufs/util.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* linux/fs/ufs/util.h
*
diff --git a/fs/utimes.c b/fs/utimes.c
index 51edb9f..e4b3d7c 100644
--- a/fs/utimes.c
+++ b/fs/utimes.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
#include <linux/file.h>
#include <linux/mount.h>
#include <linux/namei.h>
diff --git a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_cksum.h b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_cksum.h
index 8211f48..999a290 100644
--- a/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_cksum.h
+++ b/fs/xfs/libxfs/xfs_cksum.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef _XFS_CKSUM_H
#define _XFS_CKSUM_H 1
diff --git a/fs/xfs/xfs_discard.h b/fs/xfs/xfs_discard.h
index 0f070f9..de92d9c 100644
--- a/fs/xfs/xfs_discard.h
+++ b/fs/xfs/xfs_discard.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef XFS_DISCARD_H
#define XFS_DISCARD_H 1
diff --git a/fs/xfs/xfs_message.h b/fs/xfs/xfs_message.h
index 8540115..34447dc 100644
--- a/fs/xfs/xfs_message.h
+++ b/fs/xfs/xfs_message.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef __XFS_MESSAGE_H
#define __XFS_MESSAGE_H 1
diff --git a/fs/xfs/xfs_pnfs.c b/fs/xfs/xfs_pnfs.c
index 4246876..aa6c5c1 100644
--- a/fs/xfs/xfs_pnfs.c
+++ b/fs/xfs/xfs_pnfs.c
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright (c) 2014 Christoph Hellwig.
*/
diff --git a/fs/xfs/xfs_pnfs.h b/fs/xfs/xfs_pnfs.h
index b587cb9..bf45951 100644
--- a/fs/xfs/xfs_pnfs.h
+++ b/fs/xfs/xfs_pnfs.h
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
#ifndef _XFS_PNFS_H
#define _XFS_PNFS_H 1
