kernel/locking/rwbase_rt.c - linux - Git at Google

 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only

 /*
  * RT-specific reader/writer semaphores and reader/writer locks
  *
  * down_write/write_lock()
  *  1) Lock rtmutex
  *  2) Remove the reader BIAS to force readers into the slow path
  *  3) Wait until all readers have left the critical section
  *  4) Mark it write locked
  *
  * up_write/write_unlock()
  *  1) Remove the write locked marker
  *  2) Set the reader BIAS, so readers can use the fast path again
  *  3) Unlock rtmutex, to release blocked readers
  *
  * down_read/read_lock()
  *  1) Try fast path acquisition (reader BIAS is set)
  *  2) Take tmutex::wait_lock, which protects the writelocked flag
  *  3) If !writelocked, acquire it for read
  *  4) If writelocked, block on tmutex
  *  5) unlock rtmutex, goto 1)
  *
  * up_read/read_unlock()
  *  1) Try fast path release (reader count != 1)
  *  2) Wake the writer waiting in down_write()/write_lock() #3
  *
  * down_read/read_lock()#3 has the consequence, that rw semaphores and rw
  * locks on RT are not writer fair, but writers, which should be avoided in
  * RT tasks (think mmap_sem), are subject to the rtmutex priority/DL
  * inheritance mechanism.
  *
  * It's possible to make the rw primitives writer fair by keeping a list of
  * active readers. A blocked writer would force all newly incoming readers
  * to block on the rtmutex, but the rtmutex would have to be proxy locked
  * for one reader after the other. We can't use multi-reader inheritance
  * because there is no way to support that with SCHED_DEADLINE.
  * Implementing the one by one reader boosting/handover mechanism is a
  * major surgery for a very dubious value.
  *
  * The risk of writer starvation is there, but the pathological use cases
  * which trigger it are not necessarily the typical RT workloads.
  *
  * Fast-path orderings:
  * The lock/unlock of readers can run in fast paths: lock and unlock are only
  * atomic ops, and there is no inner lock to provide ACQUIRE and RELEASE
  * semantics of rwbase_rt. Atomic ops should thus provide _acquire()
  * and _release() (or stronger).
  *
  * Common code shared between RT rw_semaphore and rwlock
  */

 static __always_inline int rwbase_read_trylock(struct rwbase_rt *rwb)
 {
 	int r;

 	/*
 	 * Increment reader count, if sem->readers < 0, i.e. READER_BIAS is
 	 * set.
 	 */
 	for (r = atomic_read(&rwb->readers); r < 0;) {
 		if (likely(atomic_try_cmpxchg_acquire(&rwb->readers, &r, r + 1)))
 			return 1;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }

 static int __sched __rwbase_read_lock(struct rwbase_rt *rwb,
 				      unsigned int state)
 {
 	struct rt_mutex_base *rtm = &rwb->rtmutex;
 	int ret;

 	raw_spin_lock_irq(&rtm->wait_lock);
 	/*
 	 * Allow readers, as long as the writer has not completely
 	 * acquired the semaphore for write.
 	 */
 	if (atomic_read(&rwb->readers) != WRITER_BIAS) {
 		atomic_inc(&rwb->readers);
 		raw_spin_unlock_irq(&rtm->wait_lock);
 		return 0;
 	}

 	/*
 	 * Call into the slow lock path with the rtmutex->wait_lock
 	 * held, so this can't result in the following race:
 	 *
 	 * Reader1		Reader2		Writer
 	 *			down_read()
 	 *					down_write()
 	 *					rtmutex_lock(m)
 	 *					wait()
 	 * down_read()
 	 * unlock(m->wait_lock)
 	 *			up_read()
 	 *			wake(Writer)
 	 *					lock(m->wait_lock)
 	 *					sem->writelocked=true
 	 *					unlock(m->wait_lock)
 	 *
 	 *					up_write()
 	 *					sem->writelocked=false
 	 *					rtmutex_unlock(m)
 	 *			down_read()
 	 *					down_write()
 	 *					rtmutex_lock(m)
 	 *					wait()
 	 * rtmutex_lock(m)
 	 *
 	 * That would put Reader1 behind the writer waiting on
 	 * Reader2 to call up_read(), which might be unbound.
 	 */

 	trace_contention_begin(rwb, LCB_F_RT | LCB_F_READ);

 	/*
 	 * For rwlocks this returns 0 unconditionally, so the below
 	 * !ret conditionals are optimized out.
 	 */
 	ret = rwbase_rtmutex_slowlock_locked(rtm, state);

 	/*
 	 * On success the rtmutex is held, so there can't be a writer
 	 * active. Increment the reader count and immediately drop the
 	 * rtmutex again.
 	 *
 	 * rtmutex->wait_lock has to be unlocked in any case of course.
 	 */
 	if (!ret)
 		atomic_inc(&rwb->readers);
 	raw_spin_unlock_irq(&rtm->wait_lock);
 	if (!ret)
 		rwbase_rtmutex_unlock(rtm);

 	trace_contention_end(rwb, ret);
 	return ret;
 }

 static __always_inline int rwbase_read_lock(struct rwbase_rt *rwb,
 					    unsigned int state)
 {
 	if (rwbase_read_trylock(rwb))
 		return 0;

 	return __rwbase_read_lock(rwb, state);
 }

 static void __sched __rwbase_read_unlock(struct rwbase_rt *rwb,
 					 unsigned int state)
 {
 	struct rt_mutex_base *rtm = &rwb->rtmutex;
 	struct task_struct *owner;
 	DEFINE_RT_WAKE_Q(wqh);

 	raw_spin_lock_irq(&rtm->wait_lock);
 	/*
 	 * Wake the writer, i.e. the rtmutex owner. It might release the
 	 * rtmutex concurrently in the fast path (due to a signal), but to
 	 * clean up rwb->readers it needs to acquire rtm->wait_lock. The
 	 * worst case which can happen is a spurious wakeup.
 	 */
 	owner = rt_mutex_owner(rtm);
 	if (owner)
 		rt_mutex_wake_q_add_task(&wqh, owner, state);

 	/* Pairs with the preempt_enable in rt_mutex_wake_up_q() */
 	preempt_disable();
 	raw_spin_unlock_irq(&rtm->wait_lock);
 	rt_mutex_wake_up_q(&wqh);
 }

 static __always_inline void rwbase_read_unlock(struct rwbase_rt *rwb,
 					       unsigned int state)
 {
 	/*
 	 * rwb->readers can only hit 0 when a writer is waiting for the
 	 * active readers to leave the critical section.
 	 *
 	 * dec_and_test() is fully ordered, provides RELEASE.
 	 */
 	if (unlikely(atomic_dec_and_test(&rwb->readers)))
 		__rwbase_read_unlock(rwb, state);
 }

 static inline void __rwbase_write_unlock(struct rwbase_rt *rwb, int bias,
 					 unsigned long flags)
 {
 	struct rt_mutex_base *rtm = &rwb->rtmutex;

 	/*
 	 * _release() is needed in case that reader is in fast path, pairing
 	 * with atomic_try_cmpxchg_acquire() in rwbase_read_trylock().
 	 */
 	(void)atomic_add_return_release(READER_BIAS - bias, &rwb->readers);
 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rtm->wait_lock, flags);
 	rwbase_rtmutex_unlock(rtm);
 }

 static inline void rwbase_write_unlock(struct rwbase_rt *rwb)
 {
 	struct rt_mutex_base *rtm = &rwb->rtmutex;
 	unsigned long flags;

 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rtm->wait_lock, flags);
 	__rwbase_write_unlock(rwb, WRITER_BIAS, flags);
 }

 static inline void rwbase_write_downgrade(struct rwbase_rt *rwb)
 {
 	struct rt_mutex_base *rtm = &rwb->rtmutex;
 	unsigned long flags;

 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rtm->wait_lock, flags);
 	/* Release it and account current as reader */
 	__rwbase_write_unlock(rwb, WRITER_BIAS - 1, flags);
 }

 static inline bool __rwbase_write_trylock(struct rwbase_rt *rwb)
 {
 	/* Can do without CAS because we're serialized by wait_lock. */
 	lockdep_assert_held(&rwb->rtmutex.wait_lock);

 	/*
 	 * _acquire is needed in case the reader is in the fast path, pairing
 	 * with rwbase_read_unlock(), provides ACQUIRE.
 	 */
 	if (!atomic_read_acquire(&rwb->readers)) {
 		atomic_set(&rwb->readers, WRITER_BIAS);
 		return 1;
 	}

 	return 0;
 }

 static int __sched rwbase_write_lock(struct rwbase_rt *rwb,
 				     unsigned int state)
 {
 	struct rt_mutex_base *rtm = &rwb->rtmutex;
 	unsigned long flags;

 	/* Take the rtmutex as a first step */
 	if (rwbase_rtmutex_lock_state(rtm, state))
 		return -EINTR;

 	/* Force readers into slow path */
 	atomic_sub(READER_BIAS, &rwb->readers);

 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rtm->wait_lock, flags);
 	if (__rwbase_write_trylock(rwb))
 		goto out_unlock;

 	rwbase_set_and_save_current_state(state);
 	trace_contention_begin(rwb, LCB_F_RT | LCB_F_WRITE);
 	for (;;) {
 		/* Optimized out for rwlocks */
 		if (rwbase_signal_pending_state(state, current)) {
 			rwbase_restore_current_state();
 			__rwbase_write_unlock(rwb, 0, flags);
 			trace_contention_end(rwb, -EINTR);
 			return -EINTR;
 		}

 		if (__rwbase_write_trylock(rwb))
 			break;

 		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rtm->wait_lock, flags);
 		rwbase_schedule();
 		raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rtm->wait_lock, flags);

 		set_current_state(state);
 	}
 	rwbase_restore_current_state();
 	trace_contention_end(rwb, 0);

 out_unlock:
 	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rtm->wait_lock, flags);
 	return 0;
 }

 static inline int rwbase_write_trylock(struct rwbase_rt *rwb)
 {
 	struct rt_mutex_base *rtm = &rwb->rtmutex;
 	unsigned long flags;

 	if (!rwbase_rtmutex_trylock(rtm))
 		return 0;

 	atomic_sub(READER_BIAS, &rwb->readers);

 	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rtm->wait_lock, flags);
 	if (__rwbase_write_trylock(rwb)) {
 		raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rtm->wait_lock, flags);
 		return 1;
 	}
 	__rwbase_write_unlock(rwb, 0, flags);
 	return 0;
 }
	// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only

	/*
	* RT-specific reader/writer semaphores and reader/writer locks
	*
	* down_write/write_lock()
	* 1) Lock rtmutex
	* 2) Remove the reader BIAS to force readers into the slow path
	* 3) Wait until all readers have left the critical section
	* 4) Mark it write locked
	*
	* up_write/write_unlock()
	* 1) Remove the write locked marker
	* 2) Set the reader BIAS, so readers can use the fast path again
	* 3) Unlock rtmutex, to release blocked readers
	*
	* down_read/read_lock()
	* 1) Try fast path acquisition (reader BIAS is set)
	* 2) Take tmutex::wait_lock, which protects the writelocked flag
	* 3) If !writelocked, acquire it for read
	* 4) If writelocked, block on tmutex
	* 5) unlock rtmutex, goto 1)
	*
	* up_read/read_unlock()
	* 1) Try fast path release (reader count != 1)
	* 2) Wake the writer waiting in down_write()/write_lock() #3
	*
	* down_read/read_lock()#3 has the consequence, that rw semaphores and rw
	* locks on RT are not writer fair, but writers, which should be avoided in
	* RT tasks (think mmap_sem), are subject to the rtmutex priority/DL
	* inheritance mechanism.
	*
	* It's possible to make the rw primitives writer fair by keeping a list of
	* active readers. A blocked writer would force all newly incoming readers
	* to block on the rtmutex, but the rtmutex would have to be proxy locked
	* for one reader after the other. We can't use multi-reader inheritance
	* because there is no way to support that with SCHED_DEADLINE.
	* Implementing the one by one reader boosting/handover mechanism is a
	* major surgery for a very dubious value.
	*
	* The risk of writer starvation is there, but the pathological use cases
	* which trigger it are not necessarily the typical RT workloads.
	*
	* Fast-path orderings:
	* The lock/unlock of readers can run in fast paths: lock and unlock are only
	* atomic ops, and there is no inner lock to provide ACQUIRE and RELEASE
	* semantics of rwbase_rt. Atomic ops should thus provide _acquire()
	* and _release() (or stronger).
	*
	* Common code shared between RT rw_semaphore and rwlock
	*/

	static __always_inline int rwbase_read_trylock(struct rwbase_rt *rwb)
	{
	int r;

	/*
	* Increment reader count, if sem->readers < 0, i.e. READER_BIAS is
	* set.
	*/
	for (r = atomic_read(&rwb->readers); r < 0;) {
	if (likely(atomic_try_cmpxchg_acquire(&rwb->readers, &r, r + 1)))
	return 1;
	}
	return 0;
	}

	static int __sched __rwbase_read_lock(struct rwbase_rt *rwb,
	unsigned int state)
	{
	struct rt_mutex_base *rtm = &rwb->rtmutex;
	int ret;

	raw_spin_lock_irq(&rtm->wait_lock);
	/*
	* Allow readers, as long as the writer has not completely
	* acquired the semaphore for write.
	*/
	if (atomic_read(&rwb->readers) != WRITER_BIAS) {
	atomic_inc(&rwb->readers);
	raw_spin_unlock_irq(&rtm->wait_lock);
	return 0;
	}

	/*
	* Call into the slow lock path with the rtmutex->wait_lock
	* held, so this can't result in the following race:
	*
	* Reader1 Reader2 Writer
	* down_read()
	* down_write()
	* rtmutex_lock(m)
	* wait()
	* down_read()
	* unlock(m->wait_lock)
	* up_read()
	* wake(Writer)
	* lock(m->wait_lock)
	* sem->writelocked=true
	* unlock(m->wait_lock)
	*
	* up_write()
	* sem->writelocked=false
	* rtmutex_unlock(m)
	* down_read()
	* down_write()
	* rtmutex_lock(m)
	* wait()
	* rtmutex_lock(m)
	*
	* That would put Reader1 behind the writer waiting on
	* Reader2 to call up_read(), which might be unbound.
	*/

	trace_contention_begin(rwb, LCB_F_RT \| LCB_F_READ);

	/*
	* For rwlocks this returns 0 unconditionally, so the below
	* !ret conditionals are optimized out.
	*/
	ret = rwbase_rtmutex_slowlock_locked(rtm, state);

	/*
	* On success the rtmutex is held, so there can't be a writer
	* active. Increment the reader count and immediately drop the
	* rtmutex again.
	*
	* rtmutex->wait_lock has to be unlocked in any case of course.
	*/
	if (!ret)
	atomic_inc(&rwb->readers);
	raw_spin_unlock_irq(&rtm->wait_lock);
	if (!ret)
	rwbase_rtmutex_unlock(rtm);

	trace_contention_end(rwb, ret);
	return ret;
	}

	static __always_inline int rwbase_read_lock(struct rwbase_rt *rwb,
	unsigned int state)
	{
	if (rwbase_read_trylock(rwb))
	return 0;

	return __rwbase_read_lock(rwb, state);
	}

	static void __sched __rwbase_read_unlock(struct rwbase_rt *rwb,
	unsigned int state)
	{
	struct rt_mutex_base *rtm = &rwb->rtmutex;
	struct task_struct *owner;
	DEFINE_RT_WAKE_Q(wqh);

	raw_spin_lock_irq(&rtm->wait_lock);
	/*
	* Wake the writer, i.e. the rtmutex owner. It might release the
	* rtmutex concurrently in the fast path (due to a signal), but to
	* clean up rwb->readers it needs to acquire rtm->wait_lock. The
	* worst case which can happen is a spurious wakeup.
	*/
	owner = rt_mutex_owner(rtm);
	if (owner)
	rt_mutex_wake_q_add_task(&wqh, owner, state);

	/* Pairs with the preempt_enable in rt_mutex_wake_up_q() */
	preempt_disable();
	raw_spin_unlock_irq(&rtm->wait_lock);
	rt_mutex_wake_up_q(&wqh);
	}

	static __always_inline void rwbase_read_unlock(struct rwbase_rt *rwb,
	unsigned int state)
	{
	/*
	* rwb->readers can only hit 0 when a writer is waiting for the
	* active readers to leave the critical section.
	*
	* dec_and_test() is fully ordered, provides RELEASE.
	*/
	if (unlikely(atomic_dec_and_test(&rwb->readers)))
	__rwbase_read_unlock(rwb, state);
	}

	static inline void __rwbase_write_unlock(struct rwbase_rt *rwb, int bias,
	unsigned long flags)
	{
	struct rt_mutex_base *rtm = &rwb->rtmutex;

	/*
	* _release() is needed in case that reader is in fast path, pairing
	* with atomic_try_cmpxchg_acquire() in rwbase_read_trylock().
	*/
	(void)atomic_add_return_release(READER_BIAS - bias, &rwb->readers);
	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rtm->wait_lock, flags);
	rwbase_rtmutex_unlock(rtm);
	}

	static inline void rwbase_write_unlock(struct rwbase_rt *rwb)
	{
	struct rt_mutex_base *rtm = &rwb->rtmutex;
	unsigned long flags;

	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rtm->wait_lock, flags);
	__rwbase_write_unlock(rwb, WRITER_BIAS, flags);
	}

	static inline void rwbase_write_downgrade(struct rwbase_rt *rwb)
	{
	struct rt_mutex_base *rtm = &rwb->rtmutex;
	unsigned long flags;

	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rtm->wait_lock, flags);
	/* Release it and account current as reader */
	__rwbase_write_unlock(rwb, WRITER_BIAS - 1, flags);
	}

	static inline bool __rwbase_write_trylock(struct rwbase_rt *rwb)
	{
	/* Can do without CAS because we're serialized by wait_lock. */
	lockdep_assert_held(&rwb->rtmutex.wait_lock);

	/*
	* _acquire is needed in case the reader is in the fast path, pairing
	* with rwbase_read_unlock(), provides ACQUIRE.
	*/
	if (!atomic_read_acquire(&rwb->readers)) {
	atomic_set(&rwb->readers, WRITER_BIAS);
	return 1;
	}

	return 0;
	}

	static int __sched rwbase_write_lock(struct rwbase_rt *rwb,
	unsigned int state)
	{
	struct rt_mutex_base *rtm = &rwb->rtmutex;
	unsigned long flags;

	/* Take the rtmutex as a first step */
	if (rwbase_rtmutex_lock_state(rtm, state))
	return -EINTR;

	/* Force readers into slow path */
	atomic_sub(READER_BIAS, &rwb->readers);

	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rtm->wait_lock, flags);
	if (__rwbase_write_trylock(rwb))
	goto out_unlock;

	rwbase_set_and_save_current_state(state);
	trace_contention_begin(rwb, LCB_F_RT \| LCB_F_WRITE);
	for (;;) {
	/* Optimized out for rwlocks */
	if (rwbase_signal_pending_state(state, current)) {
	rwbase_restore_current_state();
	__rwbase_write_unlock(rwb, 0, flags);
	trace_contention_end(rwb, -EINTR);
	return -EINTR;
	}

	if (__rwbase_write_trylock(rwb))
	break;

	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rtm->wait_lock, flags);
	rwbase_schedule();
	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rtm->wait_lock, flags);

	set_current_state(state);
	}
	rwbase_restore_current_state();
	trace_contention_end(rwb, 0);

	out_unlock:
	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rtm->wait_lock, flags);
	return 0;
	}

	static inline int rwbase_write_trylock(struct rwbase_rt *rwb)
	{
	struct rt_mutex_base *rtm = &rwb->rtmutex;
	unsigned long flags;

	if (!rwbase_rtmutex_trylock(rtm))
	return 0;

	atomic_sub(READER_BIAS, &rwb->readers);

	raw_spin_lock_irqsave(&rtm->wait_lock, flags);
	if (__rwbase_write_trylock(rwb)) {
	raw_spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rtm->wait_lock, flags);
	return 1;
	}
	__rwbase_write_unlock(rwb, 0, flags);
	return 0;
	}