| // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later |
| /* |
| * SRF04: ultrasonic sensor for distance measuring by using GPIOs |
| * |
| * Copyright (c) 2017 Andreas Klinger <ak@it-klinger.de> |
| * |
| * For details about the device see: |
| * https://www.robot-electronics.co.uk/htm/srf04tech.htm |
| * |
| * the measurement cycle as timing diagram looks like: |
| * |
| * +---+ |
| * GPIO | | |
| * trig: --+ +------------------------------------------------------ |
| * ^ ^ |
| * |<->| |
| * udelay(trigger_pulse_us) |
| * |
| * ultra +-+ +-+ +-+ |
| * sonic | | | | | | |
| * burst: ---------+ +-+ +-+ +----------------------------------------- |
| * . |
| * ultra . +-+ +-+ +-+ |
| * sonic . | | | | | | |
| * echo: ----------------------------------+ +-+ +-+ +---------------- |
| * . . |
| * +------------------------+ |
| * GPIO | | |
| * echo: -------------------+ +--------------- |
| * ^ ^ |
| * interrupt interrupt |
| * (ts_rising) (ts_falling) |
| * |<---------------------->| |
| * pulse time measured |
| * --> one round trip of ultra sonic waves |
| */ |
| #include <linux/err.h> |
| #include <linux/gpio/consumer.h> |
| #include <linux/kernel.h> |
| #include <linux/mod_devicetable.h> |
| #include <linux/module.h> |
| #include <linux/platform_device.h> |
| #include <linux/property.h> |
| #include <linux/sched.h> |
| #include <linux/interrupt.h> |
| #include <linux/delay.h> |
| #include <linux/pm_runtime.h> |
| #include <linux/iio/iio.h> |
| #include <linux/iio/sysfs.h> |
| |
| struct srf04_cfg { |
| unsigned long trigger_pulse_us; |
| }; |
| |
| struct srf04_data { |
| struct device *dev; |
| struct gpio_desc *gpiod_trig; |
| struct gpio_desc *gpiod_echo; |
| struct gpio_desc *gpiod_power; |
| struct mutex lock; |
| int irqnr; |
| ktime_t ts_rising; |
| ktime_t ts_falling; |
| struct completion rising; |
| struct completion falling; |
| const struct srf04_cfg *cfg; |
| int startup_time_ms; |
| }; |
| |
| static const struct srf04_cfg srf04_cfg = { |
| .trigger_pulse_us = 10, |
| }; |
| |
| static const struct srf04_cfg mb_lv_cfg = { |
| .trigger_pulse_us = 20, |
| }; |
| |
| static irqreturn_t srf04_handle_irq(int irq, void *dev_id) |
| { |
| struct iio_dev *indio_dev = dev_id; |
| struct srf04_data *data = iio_priv(indio_dev); |
| ktime_t now = ktime_get(); |
| |
| if (gpiod_get_value(data->gpiod_echo)) { |
| data->ts_rising = now; |
| complete(&data->rising); |
| } else { |
| data->ts_falling = now; |
| complete(&data->falling); |
| } |
| |
| return IRQ_HANDLED; |
| } |
| |
| static int srf04_read(struct srf04_data *data) |
| { |
| int ret; |
| ktime_t ktime_dt; |
| u64 dt_ns; |
| u32 time_ns, distance_mm; |
| |
| if (data->gpiod_power) { |
| ret = pm_runtime_resume_and_get(data->dev); |
| if (ret < 0) |
| return ret; |
| } |
| /* |
| * just one read-echo-cycle can take place at a time |
| * ==> lock against concurrent reading calls |
| */ |
| mutex_lock(&data->lock); |
| |
| reinit_completion(&data->rising); |
| reinit_completion(&data->falling); |
| |
| gpiod_set_value(data->gpiod_trig, 1); |
| udelay(data->cfg->trigger_pulse_us); |
| gpiod_set_value(data->gpiod_trig, 0); |
| |
| if (data->gpiod_power) { |
| pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(data->dev); |
| pm_runtime_put_autosuspend(data->dev); |
| } |
| |
| /* it should not take more than 20 ms until echo is rising */ |
| ret = wait_for_completion_killable_timeout(&data->rising, HZ/50); |
| if (ret < 0) { |
| mutex_unlock(&data->lock); |
| return ret; |
| } else if (ret == 0) { |
| mutex_unlock(&data->lock); |
| return -ETIMEDOUT; |
| } |
| |
| /* it cannot take more than 50 ms until echo is falling */ |
| ret = wait_for_completion_killable_timeout(&data->falling, HZ/20); |
| if (ret < 0) { |
| mutex_unlock(&data->lock); |
| return ret; |
| } else if (ret == 0) { |
| mutex_unlock(&data->lock); |
| return -ETIMEDOUT; |
| } |
| |
| ktime_dt = ktime_sub(data->ts_falling, data->ts_rising); |
| |
| mutex_unlock(&data->lock); |
| |
| dt_ns = ktime_to_ns(ktime_dt); |
| /* |
| * measuring more than 6,45 meters is beyond the capabilities of |
| * the supported sensors |
| * ==> filter out invalid results for not measuring echos of |
| * another us sensor |
| * |
| * formula: |
| * distance 6,45 * 2 m |
| * time = ---------- = ------------ = 40438871 ns |
| * speed 319 m/s |
| * |
| * using a minimum speed at -20 °C of 319 m/s |
| */ |
| if (dt_ns > 40438871) |
| return -EIO; |
| |
| time_ns = dt_ns; |
| |
| /* |
| * the speed as function of the temperature is approximately: |
| * |
| * speed = 331,5 + 0,6 * Temp |
| * with Temp in °C |
| * and speed in m/s |
| * |
| * use 343,5 m/s as ultrasonic speed at 20 °C here in absence of the |
| * temperature |
| * |
| * therefore: |
| * time 343,5 time * 106 |
| * distance = ------ * ------- = ------------ |
| * 10^6 2 617176 |
| * with time in ns |
| * and distance in mm (one way) |
| * |
| * because we limit to 6,45 meters the multiplication with 106 just |
| * fits into 32 bit |
| */ |
| distance_mm = time_ns * 106 / 617176; |
| |
| return distance_mm; |
| } |
| |
| static int srf04_read_raw(struct iio_dev *indio_dev, |
| struct iio_chan_spec const *channel, int *val, |
| int *val2, long info) |
| { |
| struct srf04_data *data = iio_priv(indio_dev); |
| int ret; |
| |
| if (channel->type != IIO_DISTANCE) |
| return -EINVAL; |
| |
| switch (info) { |
| case IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW: |
| ret = srf04_read(data); |
| if (ret < 0) |
| return ret; |
| *val = ret; |
| return IIO_VAL_INT; |
| case IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE: |
| /* |
| * theoretical maximum resolution is 3 mm |
| * 1 LSB is 1 mm |
| */ |
| *val = 0; |
| *val2 = 1000; |
| return IIO_VAL_INT_PLUS_MICRO; |
| default: |
| return -EINVAL; |
| } |
| } |
| |
| static const struct iio_info srf04_iio_info = { |
| .read_raw = srf04_read_raw, |
| }; |
| |
| static const struct iio_chan_spec srf04_chan_spec[] = { |
| { |
| .type = IIO_DISTANCE, |
| .info_mask_separate = |
| BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW) | |
| BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE), |
| }, |
| }; |
| |
| static const struct of_device_id of_srf04_match[] = { |
| { .compatible = "devantech,srf04", .data = &srf04_cfg }, |
| { .compatible = "maxbotix,mb1000", .data = &mb_lv_cfg }, |
| { .compatible = "maxbotix,mb1010", .data = &mb_lv_cfg }, |
| { .compatible = "maxbotix,mb1020", .data = &mb_lv_cfg }, |
| { .compatible = "maxbotix,mb1030", .data = &mb_lv_cfg }, |
| { .compatible = "maxbotix,mb1040", .data = &mb_lv_cfg }, |
| {}, |
| }; |
| |
| MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, of_srf04_match); |
| |
| static int srf04_probe(struct platform_device *pdev) |
| { |
| struct device *dev = &pdev->dev; |
| struct srf04_data *data; |
| struct iio_dev *indio_dev; |
| int ret; |
| |
| indio_dev = devm_iio_device_alloc(dev, sizeof(struct srf04_data)); |
| if (!indio_dev) { |
| dev_err(dev, "failed to allocate IIO device\n"); |
| return -ENOMEM; |
| } |
| |
| data = iio_priv(indio_dev); |
| data->dev = dev; |
| data->cfg = device_get_match_data(dev); |
| |
| mutex_init(&data->lock); |
| init_completion(&data->rising); |
| init_completion(&data->falling); |
| |
| data->gpiod_trig = devm_gpiod_get(dev, "trig", GPIOD_OUT_LOW); |
| if (IS_ERR(data->gpiod_trig)) { |
| dev_err(dev, "failed to get trig-gpios: err=%ld\n", |
| PTR_ERR(data->gpiod_trig)); |
| return PTR_ERR(data->gpiod_trig); |
| } |
| |
| data->gpiod_echo = devm_gpiod_get(dev, "echo", GPIOD_IN); |
| if (IS_ERR(data->gpiod_echo)) { |
| dev_err(dev, "failed to get echo-gpios: err=%ld\n", |
| PTR_ERR(data->gpiod_echo)); |
| return PTR_ERR(data->gpiod_echo); |
| } |
| |
| data->gpiod_power = devm_gpiod_get_optional(dev, "power", |
| GPIOD_OUT_LOW); |
| if (IS_ERR(data->gpiod_power)) { |
| dev_err(dev, "failed to get power-gpios: err=%ld\n", |
| PTR_ERR(data->gpiod_power)); |
| return PTR_ERR(data->gpiod_power); |
| } |
| if (data->gpiod_power) { |
| data->startup_time_ms = 100; |
| device_property_read_u32(dev, "startup-time-ms", &data->startup_time_ms); |
| dev_dbg(dev, "using power gpio: startup-time-ms=%d\n", |
| data->startup_time_ms); |
| } |
| |
| if (gpiod_cansleep(data->gpiod_echo)) { |
| dev_err(data->dev, "cansleep-GPIOs not supported\n"); |
| return -ENODEV; |
| } |
| |
| data->irqnr = gpiod_to_irq(data->gpiod_echo); |
| if (data->irqnr < 0) { |
| dev_err(data->dev, "gpiod_to_irq: %d\n", data->irqnr); |
| return data->irqnr; |
| } |
| |
| ret = devm_request_irq(dev, data->irqnr, srf04_handle_irq, |
| IRQF_TRIGGER_RISING | IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING, |
| pdev->name, indio_dev); |
| if (ret < 0) { |
| dev_err(data->dev, "request_irq: %d\n", ret); |
| return ret; |
| } |
| |
| platform_set_drvdata(pdev, indio_dev); |
| |
| indio_dev->name = "srf04"; |
| indio_dev->info = &srf04_iio_info; |
| indio_dev->modes = INDIO_DIRECT_MODE; |
| indio_dev->channels = srf04_chan_spec; |
| indio_dev->num_channels = ARRAY_SIZE(srf04_chan_spec); |
| |
| ret = iio_device_register(indio_dev); |
| if (ret < 0) { |
| dev_err(data->dev, "iio_device_register: %d\n", ret); |
| return ret; |
| } |
| |
| if (data->gpiod_power) { |
| pm_runtime_set_autosuspend_delay(data->dev, 1000); |
| pm_runtime_use_autosuspend(data->dev); |
| |
| ret = pm_runtime_set_active(data->dev); |
| if (ret) { |
| dev_err(data->dev, "pm_runtime_set_active: %d\n", ret); |
| iio_device_unregister(indio_dev); |
| } |
| |
| pm_runtime_enable(data->dev); |
| pm_runtime_idle(data->dev); |
| } |
| |
| return ret; |
| } |
| |
| static void srf04_remove(struct platform_device *pdev) |
| { |
| struct iio_dev *indio_dev = platform_get_drvdata(pdev); |
| struct srf04_data *data = iio_priv(indio_dev); |
| |
| iio_device_unregister(indio_dev); |
| |
| if (data->gpiod_power) { |
| pm_runtime_disable(data->dev); |
| pm_runtime_set_suspended(data->dev); |
| } |
| } |
| |
| static int srf04_pm_runtime_suspend(struct device *dev) |
| { |
| struct platform_device *pdev = container_of(dev, |
| struct platform_device, dev); |
| struct iio_dev *indio_dev = platform_get_drvdata(pdev); |
| struct srf04_data *data = iio_priv(indio_dev); |
| |
| gpiod_set_value(data->gpiod_power, 0); |
| |
| return 0; |
| } |
| |
| static int srf04_pm_runtime_resume(struct device *dev) |
| { |
| struct platform_device *pdev = container_of(dev, |
| struct platform_device, dev); |
| struct iio_dev *indio_dev = platform_get_drvdata(pdev); |
| struct srf04_data *data = iio_priv(indio_dev); |
| |
| gpiod_set_value(data->gpiod_power, 1); |
| msleep(data->startup_time_ms); |
| |
| return 0; |
| } |
| |
| static const struct dev_pm_ops srf04_pm_ops = { |
| RUNTIME_PM_OPS(srf04_pm_runtime_suspend, |
| srf04_pm_runtime_resume, NULL) |
| }; |
| |
| static struct platform_driver srf04_driver = { |
| .probe = srf04_probe, |
| .remove_new = srf04_remove, |
| .driver = { |
| .name = "srf04-gpio", |
| .of_match_table = of_srf04_match, |
| .pm = pm_ptr(&srf04_pm_ops), |
| }, |
| }; |
| |
| module_platform_driver(srf04_driver); |
| |
| MODULE_AUTHOR("Andreas Klinger <ak@it-klinger.de>"); |
| MODULE_DESCRIPTION("SRF04 ultrasonic sensor for distance measuring using GPIOs"); |
| MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); |
| MODULE_ALIAS("platform:srf04"); |