arch/s390/kernel/kprobes.c - linux - Git at Google

 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
 /*
  *  Kernel Probes (KProbes)
  *
  * Copyright IBM Corp. 2002, 2006
  *
  * s390 port, used ppc64 as template. Mike Grundy <grundym@us.ibm.com>
  */

 #include <linux/kprobes.h>
 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
 #include <linux/preempt.h>
 #include <linux/stop_machine.h>
 #include <linux/kdebug.h>
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
 #include <linux/extable.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/hardirq.h>
 #include <linux/ftrace.h>
 #include <asm/set_memory.h>
 #include <asm/sections.h>
 #include <asm/dis.h>

 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct kprobe *, current_kprobe);
 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct kprobe_ctlblk, kprobe_ctlblk);

 struct kretprobe_blackpoint kretprobe_blacklist[] = { };

 DEFINE_INSN_CACHE_OPS(s390_insn);

 static int insn_page_in_use;
 static char insn_page[PAGE_SIZE] __aligned(PAGE_SIZE);

 static void *alloc_s390_insn_page(void)
 {
 	if (xchg(&insn_page_in_use, 1) == 1)
 		return NULL;
 	set_memory_x((unsigned long) &insn_page, 1);
 	return &insn_page;
 }

 static void free_s390_insn_page(void *page)
 {
 	set_memory_nx((unsigned long) page, 1);
 	xchg(&insn_page_in_use, 0);
 }

 struct kprobe_insn_cache kprobe_s390_insn_slots = {
 	.mutex = __MUTEX_INITIALIZER(kprobe_s390_insn_slots.mutex),
 	.alloc = alloc_s390_insn_page,
 	.free = free_s390_insn_page,
 	.pages = LIST_HEAD_INIT(kprobe_s390_insn_slots.pages),
 	.insn_size = MAX_INSN_SIZE,
 };

 static void copy_instruction(struct kprobe *p)
 {
 	s64 disp, new_disp;
 	u64 addr, new_addr;

 	memcpy(p->ainsn.insn, p->addr, insn_length(*p->addr >> 8));
 	p->opcode = p->ainsn.insn[0];
 	if (!probe_is_insn_relative_long(p->ainsn.insn))
 		return;
 	/*
 	 * For pc-relative instructions in RIL-b or RIL-c format patch the
 	 * RI2 displacement field. We have already made sure that the insn
 	 * slot for the patched instruction is within the same 2GB area
 	 * as the original instruction (either kernel image or module area).
 	 * Therefore the new displacement will always fit.
 	 */
 	disp = *(s32 *)&p->ainsn.insn[1];
 	addr = (u64)(unsigned long)p->addr;
 	new_addr = (u64)(unsigned long)p->ainsn.insn;
 	new_disp = ((addr + (disp * 2)) - new_addr) / 2;
 	*(s32 *)&p->ainsn.insn[1] = new_disp;
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(copy_instruction);

 static inline int is_kernel_addr(void *addr)
 {
 	return addr < (void *)_end;
 }

 static int s390_get_insn_slot(struct kprobe *p)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Get an insn slot that is within the same 2GB area like the original
 	 * instruction. That way instructions with a 32bit signed displacement
 	 * field can be patched and executed within the insn slot.
 	 */
 	p->ainsn.insn = NULL;
 	if (is_kernel_addr(p->addr))
 		p->ainsn.insn = get_s390_insn_slot();
 	else if (is_module_addr(p->addr))
 		p->ainsn.insn = get_insn_slot();
 	return p->ainsn.insn ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(s390_get_insn_slot);

 static void s390_free_insn_slot(struct kprobe *p)
 {
 	if (!p->ainsn.insn)
 		return;
 	if (is_kernel_addr(p->addr))
 		free_s390_insn_slot(p->ainsn.insn, 0);
 	else
 		free_insn_slot(p->ainsn.insn, 0);
 	p->ainsn.insn = NULL;
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(s390_free_insn_slot);

 int arch_prepare_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
 {
 	if ((unsigned long) p->addr & 0x01)
 		return -EINVAL;
 	/* Make sure the probe isn't going on a difficult instruction */
 	if (probe_is_prohibited_opcode(p->addr))
 		return -EINVAL;
 	if (s390_get_insn_slot(p))
 		return -ENOMEM;
 	copy_instruction(p);
 	return 0;
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(arch_prepare_kprobe);

 struct swap_insn_args {
 	struct kprobe *p;
 	unsigned int arm_kprobe : 1;
 };

 static int swap_instruction(void *data)
 {
 	struct swap_insn_args *args = data;
 	struct kprobe *p = args->p;
 	u16 opc;

 	opc = args->arm_kprobe ? BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION : p->opcode;
 	s390_kernel_write(p->addr, &opc, sizeof(opc));
 	return 0;
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(swap_instruction);

 void arch_arm_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
 {
 	struct swap_insn_args args = {.p = p, .arm_kprobe = 1};

 	stop_machine_cpuslocked(swap_instruction, &args, NULL);
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(arch_arm_kprobe);

 void arch_disarm_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
 {
 	struct swap_insn_args args = {.p = p, .arm_kprobe = 0};

 	stop_machine_cpuslocked(swap_instruction, &args, NULL);
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(arch_disarm_kprobe);

 void arch_remove_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
 {
 	s390_free_insn_slot(p);
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(arch_remove_kprobe);

 static void enable_singlestep(struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb,
 			      struct pt_regs *regs,
 			      unsigned long ip)
 {
 	struct per_regs per_kprobe;

 	/* Set up the PER control registers %cr9-%cr11 */
 	per_kprobe.control = PER_EVENT_IFETCH;
 	per_kprobe.start = ip;
 	per_kprobe.end = ip;

 	/* Save control regs and psw mask */
 	__ctl_store(kcb->kprobe_saved_ctl, 9, 11);
 	kcb->kprobe_saved_imask = regs->psw.mask &
 		(PSW_MASK_PER | PSW_MASK_IO | PSW_MASK_EXT);

 	/* Set PER control regs, turns on single step for the given address */
 	__ctl_load(per_kprobe, 9, 11);
 	regs->psw.mask |= PSW_MASK_PER;
 	regs->psw.mask &= ~(PSW_MASK_IO | PSW_MASK_EXT);
 	regs->psw.addr = ip;
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(enable_singlestep);

 static void disable_singlestep(struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb,
 			       struct pt_regs *regs,
 			       unsigned long ip)
 {
 	/* Restore control regs and psw mask, set new psw address */
 	__ctl_load(kcb->kprobe_saved_ctl, 9, 11);
 	regs->psw.mask &= ~PSW_MASK_PER;
 	regs->psw.mask |= kcb->kprobe_saved_imask;
 	regs->psw.addr = ip;
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(disable_singlestep);

 /*
  * Activate a kprobe by storing its pointer to current_kprobe. The
  * previous kprobe is stored in kcb->prev_kprobe. A stack of up to
  * two kprobes can be active, see KPROBE_REENTER.
  */
 static void push_kprobe(struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb, struct kprobe *p)
 {
 	kcb->prev_kprobe.kp = __this_cpu_read(current_kprobe);
 	kcb->prev_kprobe.status = kcb->kprobe_status;
 	__this_cpu_write(current_kprobe, p);
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(push_kprobe);

 /*
  * Deactivate a kprobe by backing up to the previous state. If the
  * current state is KPROBE_REENTER prev_kprobe.kp will be non-NULL,
  * for any other state prev_kprobe.kp will be NULL.
  */
 static void pop_kprobe(struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb)
 {
 	__this_cpu_write(current_kprobe, kcb->prev_kprobe.kp);
 	kcb->kprobe_status = kcb->prev_kprobe.status;
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(pop_kprobe);

 void arch_prepare_kretprobe(struct kretprobe_instance *ri, struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
 	ri->ret_addr = (kprobe_opcode_t *) regs->gprs[14];

 	/* Replace the return addr with trampoline addr */
 	regs->gprs[14] = (unsigned long) &kretprobe_trampoline;
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(arch_prepare_kretprobe);

 static void kprobe_reenter_check(struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb, struct kprobe *p)
 {
 	switch (kcb->kprobe_status) {
 	case KPROBE_HIT_SSDONE:
 	case KPROBE_HIT_ACTIVE:
 		kprobes_inc_nmissed_count(p);
 		break;
 	case KPROBE_HIT_SS:
 	case KPROBE_REENTER:
 	default:
 		/*
 		 * A kprobe on the code path to single step an instruction
 		 * is a BUG. The code path resides in the .kprobes.text
 		 * section and is executed with interrupts disabled.
 		 */
 		pr_err("Invalid kprobe detected.\n");
 		dump_kprobe(p);
 		BUG();
 	}
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_reenter_check);

 static int kprobe_handler(struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
 	struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb;
 	struct kprobe *p;

 	/*
 	 * We want to disable preemption for the entire duration of kprobe
 	 * processing. That includes the calls to the pre/post handlers
 	 * and single stepping the kprobe instruction.
 	 */
 	preempt_disable();
 	kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk();
 	p = get_kprobe((void *)(regs->psw.addr - 2));

 	if (p) {
 		if (kprobe_running()) {
 			/*
 			 * We have hit a kprobe while another is still
 			 * active. This can happen in the pre and post
 			 * handler. Single step the instruction of the
 			 * new probe but do not call any handler function
 			 * of this secondary kprobe.
 			 * push_kprobe and pop_kprobe saves and restores
 			 * the currently active kprobe.
 			 */
 			kprobe_reenter_check(kcb, p);
 			push_kprobe(kcb, p);
 			kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_REENTER;
 		} else {
 			/*
 			 * If we have no pre-handler or it returned 0, we
 			 * continue with single stepping. If we have a
 			 * pre-handler and it returned non-zero, it prepped
 			 * for changing execution path, so get out doing
 			 * nothing more here.
 			 */
 			push_kprobe(kcb, p);
 			kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_HIT_ACTIVE;
 			if (p->pre_handler && p->pre_handler(p, regs)) {
 				pop_kprobe(kcb);
 				preempt_enable_no_resched();
 				return 1;
 			}
 			kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_HIT_SS;
 		}
 		enable_singlestep(kcb, regs, (unsigned long) p->ainsn.insn);
 		return 1;
 	} /* else:
 	   * No kprobe at this address and no active kprobe. The trap has
 	   * not been caused by a kprobe breakpoint. The race of breakpoint
 	   * vs. kprobe remove does not exist because on s390 as we use
 	   * stop_machine to arm/disarm the breakpoints.
 	   */
 	preempt_enable_no_resched();
 	return 0;
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_handler);

 /*
  * Function return probe trampoline:
  *	- init_kprobes() establishes a probepoint here
  *	- When the probed function returns, this probe
  *		causes the handlers to fire
  */
 static void __used kretprobe_trampoline_holder(void)
 {
 	asm volatile(".global kretprobe_trampoline\n"
 		     "kretprobe_trampoline: bcr 0,0\n");
 }

 /*
  * Called when the probe at kretprobe trampoline is hit
  */
 static int trampoline_probe_handler(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
 	struct kretprobe_instance *ri;
 	struct hlist_head *head, empty_rp;
 	struct hlist_node *tmp;
 	unsigned long flags, orig_ret_address;
 	unsigned long trampoline_address;
 	kprobe_opcode_t *correct_ret_addr;

 	INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&empty_rp);
 	kretprobe_hash_lock(current, &head, &flags);

 	/*
 	 * It is possible to have multiple instances associated with a given
 	 * task either because an multiple functions in the call path
 	 * have a return probe installed on them, and/or more than one return
 	 * return probe was registered for a target function.
 	 *
 	 * We can handle this because:
 	 *     - instances are always inserted at the head of the list
 	 *     - when multiple return probes are registered for the same
 	 *	 function, the first instance's ret_addr will point to the
 	 *	 real return address, and all the rest will point to
 	 *	 kretprobe_trampoline
 	 */
 	ri = NULL;
 	orig_ret_address = 0;
 	correct_ret_addr = NULL;
 	trampoline_address = (unsigned long) &kretprobe_trampoline;
 	hlist_for_each_entry_safe(ri, tmp, head, hlist) {
 		if (ri->task != current)
 			/* another task is sharing our hash bucket */
 			continue;

 		orig_ret_address = (unsigned long) ri->ret_addr;

 		if (orig_ret_address != trampoline_address)
 			/*
 			 * This is the real return address. Any other
 			 * instances associated with this task are for
 			 * other calls deeper on the call stack
 			 */
 			break;
 	}

 	kretprobe_assert(ri, orig_ret_address, trampoline_address);

 	correct_ret_addr = ri->ret_addr;
 	hlist_for_each_entry_safe(ri, tmp, head, hlist) {
 		if (ri->task != current)
 			/* another task is sharing our hash bucket */
 			continue;

 		orig_ret_address = (unsigned long) ri->ret_addr;

 		if (ri->rp && ri->rp->handler) {
 			ri->ret_addr = correct_ret_addr;
 			ri->rp->handler(ri, regs);
 		}

 		recycle_rp_inst(ri, &empty_rp);

 		if (orig_ret_address != trampoline_address)
 			/*
 			 * This is the real return address. Any other
 			 * instances associated with this task are for
 			 * other calls deeper on the call stack
 			 */
 			break;
 	}

 	regs->psw.addr = orig_ret_address;

 	kretprobe_hash_unlock(current, &flags);

 	hlist_for_each_entry_safe(ri, tmp, &empty_rp, hlist) {
 		hlist_del(&ri->hlist);
 		kfree(ri);
 	}
 	/*
 	 * By returning a non-zero value, we are telling
 	 * kprobe_handler() that we don't want the post_handler
 	 * to run (and have re-enabled preemption)
 	 */
 	return 1;
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(trampoline_probe_handler);

 /*
  * Called after single-stepping.  p->addr is the address of the
  * instruction whose first byte has been replaced by the "breakpoint"
  * instruction.  To avoid the SMP problems that can occur when we
  * temporarily put back the original opcode to single-step, we
  * single-stepped a copy of the instruction.  The address of this
  * copy is p->ainsn.insn.
  */
 static void resume_execution(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
 	struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk();
 	unsigned long ip = regs->psw.addr;
 	int fixup = probe_get_fixup_type(p->ainsn.insn);

 	if (fixup & FIXUP_PSW_NORMAL)
 		ip += (unsigned long) p->addr - (unsigned long) p->ainsn.insn;

 	if (fixup & FIXUP_BRANCH_NOT_TAKEN) {
 		int ilen = insn_length(p->ainsn.insn[0] >> 8);
 		if (ip - (unsigned long) p->ainsn.insn == ilen)
 			ip = (unsigned long) p->addr + ilen;
 	}

 	if (fixup & FIXUP_RETURN_REGISTER) {
 		int reg = (p->ainsn.insn[0] & 0xf0) >> 4;
 		regs->gprs[reg] += (unsigned long) p->addr -
 				   (unsigned long) p->ainsn.insn;
 	}

 	disable_singlestep(kcb, regs, ip);
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(resume_execution);

 static int post_kprobe_handler(struct pt_regs *regs)
 {
 	struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk();
 	struct kprobe *p = kprobe_running();

 	if (!p)
 		return 0;

 	if (kcb->kprobe_status != KPROBE_REENTER && p->post_handler) {
 		kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_HIT_SSDONE;
 		p->post_handler(p, regs, 0);
 	}

 	resume_execution(p, regs);
 	pop_kprobe(kcb);
 	preempt_enable_no_resched();

 	/*
 	 * if somebody else is singlestepping across a probe point, psw mask
 	 * will have PER set, in which case, continue the remaining processing
 	 * of do_single_step, as if this is not a probe hit.
 	 */
 	if (regs->psw.mask & PSW_MASK_PER)
 		return 0;

 	return 1;
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(post_kprobe_handler);

 static int kprobe_trap_handler(struct pt_regs *regs, int trapnr)
 {
 	struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk();
 	struct kprobe *p = kprobe_running();
 	const struct exception_table_entry *entry;

 	switch(kcb->kprobe_status) {
 	case KPROBE_HIT_SS:
 	case KPROBE_REENTER:
 		/*
 		 * We are here because the instruction being single
 		 * stepped caused a page fault. We reset the current
 		 * kprobe and the nip points back to the probe address
 		 * and allow the page fault handler to continue as a
 		 * normal page fault.
 		 */
 		disable_singlestep(kcb, regs, (unsigned long) p->addr);
 		pop_kprobe(kcb);
 		preempt_enable_no_resched();
 		break;
 	case KPROBE_HIT_ACTIVE:
 	case KPROBE_HIT_SSDONE:
 		/*
 		 * We increment the nmissed count for accounting,
 		 * we can also use npre/npostfault count for accounting
 		 * these specific fault cases.
 		 */
 		kprobes_inc_nmissed_count(p);

 		/*
 		 * We come here because instructions in the pre/post
 		 * handler caused the page_fault, this could happen
 		 * if handler tries to access user space by
 		 * copy_from_user(), get_user() etc. Let the
 		 * user-specified handler try to fix it first.
 		 */
 		if (p->fault_handler && p->fault_handler(p, regs, trapnr))
 			return 1;

 		/*
 		 * In case the user-specified fault handler returned
 		 * zero, try to fix up.
 		 */
 		entry = s390_search_extables(regs->psw.addr);
 		if (entry && ex_handle(entry, regs))
 			return 1;

 		/*
 		 * fixup_exception() could not handle it,
 		 * Let do_page_fault() fix it.
 		 */
 		break;
 	default:
 		break;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_trap_handler);

 int kprobe_fault_handler(struct pt_regs *regs, int trapnr)
 {
 	int ret;

 	if (regs->psw.mask & (PSW_MASK_IO | PSW_MASK_EXT))
 		local_irq_disable();
 	ret = kprobe_trap_handler(regs, trapnr);
 	if (regs->psw.mask & (PSW_MASK_IO | PSW_MASK_EXT))
 		local_irq_restore(regs->psw.mask & ~PSW_MASK_PER);
 	return ret;
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_fault_handler);

 /*
  * Wrapper routine to for handling exceptions.
  */
 int kprobe_exceptions_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
 			     unsigned long val, void *data)
 {
 	struct die_args *args = (struct die_args *) data;
 	struct pt_regs *regs = args->regs;
 	int ret = NOTIFY_DONE;

 	if (regs->psw.mask & (PSW_MASK_IO | PSW_MASK_EXT))
 		local_irq_disable();

 	switch (val) {
 	case DIE_BPT:
 		if (kprobe_handler(regs))
 			ret = NOTIFY_STOP;
 		break;
 	case DIE_SSTEP:
 		if (post_kprobe_handler(regs))
 			ret = NOTIFY_STOP;
 		break;
 	case DIE_TRAP:
 		if (!preemptible() && kprobe_running() &&
 		    kprobe_trap_handler(regs, args->trapnr))
 			ret = NOTIFY_STOP;
 		break;
 	default:
 		break;
 	}

 	if (regs->psw.mask & (PSW_MASK_IO | PSW_MASK_EXT))
 		local_irq_restore(regs->psw.mask & ~PSW_MASK_PER);

 	return ret;
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_exceptions_notify);

 static struct kprobe trampoline = {
 	.addr = (kprobe_opcode_t *) &kretprobe_trampoline,
 	.pre_handler = trampoline_probe_handler
 };

 int __init arch_init_kprobes(void)
 {
 	return register_kprobe(&trampoline);
 }

 int arch_trampoline_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
 {
 	return p->addr == (kprobe_opcode_t *) &kretprobe_trampoline;
 }
 NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(arch_trampoline_kprobe);
	// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
	/*
	* Kernel Probes (KProbes)
	*
	* Copyright IBM Corp. 2002, 2006
	*
	* s390 port, used ppc64 as template. Mike Grundy <grundym@us.ibm.com>
	*/

	#include <linux/kprobes.h>
	#include <linux/ptrace.h>
	#include <linux/preempt.h>
	#include <linux/stop_machine.h>
	#include <linux/kdebug.h>
	#include <linux/uaccess.h>
	#include <linux/extable.h>
	#include <linux/module.h>
	#include <linux/slab.h>
	#include <linux/hardirq.h>
	#include <linux/ftrace.h>
	#include <asm/set_memory.h>
	#include <asm/sections.h>
	#include <asm/dis.h>

	DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct kprobe *, current_kprobe);
	DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct kprobe_ctlblk, kprobe_ctlblk);

	struct kretprobe_blackpoint kretprobe_blacklist[] = { };

	DEFINE_INSN_CACHE_OPS(s390_insn);

	static int insn_page_in_use;
	static char insn_page[PAGE_SIZE] __aligned(PAGE_SIZE);

	static void *alloc_s390_insn_page(void)
	{
	if (xchg(&insn_page_in_use, 1) == 1)
	return NULL;
	set_memory_x((unsigned long) &insn_page, 1);
	return &insn_page;
	}

	static void free_s390_insn_page(void *page)
	{
	set_memory_nx((unsigned long) page, 1);
	xchg(&insn_page_in_use, 0);
	}

	struct kprobe_insn_cache kprobe_s390_insn_slots = {
	.mutex = __MUTEX_INITIALIZER(kprobe_s390_insn_slots.mutex),
	.alloc = alloc_s390_insn_page,
	.free = free_s390_insn_page,
	.pages = LIST_HEAD_INIT(kprobe_s390_insn_slots.pages),
	.insn_size = MAX_INSN_SIZE,
	};

	static void copy_instruction(struct kprobe *p)
	{
	s64 disp, new_disp;
	u64 addr, new_addr;

	memcpy(p->ainsn.insn, p->addr, insn_length(*p->addr >> 8));
	p->opcode = p->ainsn.insn[0];
	if (!probe_is_insn_relative_long(p->ainsn.insn))
	return;
	/*
	* For pc-relative instructions in RIL-b or RIL-c format patch the
	* RI2 displacement field. We have already made sure that the insn
	* slot for the patched instruction is within the same 2GB area
	* as the original instruction (either kernel image or module area).
	* Therefore the new displacement will always fit.
	*/
	disp = (s32 )&p->ainsn.insn[1];
	addr = (u64)(unsigned long)p->addr;
	new_addr = (u64)(unsigned long)p->ainsn.insn;
	new_disp = ((addr + (disp * 2)) - new_addr) / 2;
	(s32 )&p->ainsn.insn[1] = new_disp;
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(copy_instruction);

	static inline int is_kernel_addr(void *addr)
	{
	return addr < (void *)_end;
	}

	static int s390_get_insn_slot(struct kprobe *p)
	{
	/*
	* Get an insn slot that is within the same 2GB area like the original
	* instruction. That way instructions with a 32bit signed displacement
	* field can be patched and executed within the insn slot.
	*/
	p->ainsn.insn = NULL;
	if (is_kernel_addr(p->addr))
	p->ainsn.insn = get_s390_insn_slot();
	else if (is_module_addr(p->addr))
	p->ainsn.insn = get_insn_slot();
	return p->ainsn.insn ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(s390_get_insn_slot);

	static void s390_free_insn_slot(struct kprobe *p)
	{
	if (!p->ainsn.insn)
	return;
	if (is_kernel_addr(p->addr))
	free_s390_insn_slot(p->ainsn.insn, 0);
	else
	free_insn_slot(p->ainsn.insn, 0);
	p->ainsn.insn = NULL;
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(s390_free_insn_slot);

	int arch_prepare_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
	{
	if ((unsigned long) p->addr & 0x01)
	return -EINVAL;
	/* Make sure the probe isn't going on a difficult instruction */
	if (probe_is_prohibited_opcode(p->addr))
	return -EINVAL;
	if (s390_get_insn_slot(p))
	return -ENOMEM;
	copy_instruction(p);
	return 0;
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(arch_prepare_kprobe);

	struct swap_insn_args {
	struct kprobe *p;
	unsigned int arm_kprobe : 1;
	};

	static int swap_instruction(void *data)
	{
	struct swap_insn_args *args = data;
	struct kprobe *p = args->p;
	u16 opc;

	opc = args->arm_kprobe ? BREAKPOINT_INSTRUCTION : p->opcode;
	s390_kernel_write(p->addr, &opc, sizeof(opc));
	return 0;
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(swap_instruction);

	void arch_arm_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
	{
	struct swap_insn_args args = {.p = p, .arm_kprobe = 1};

	stop_machine_cpuslocked(swap_instruction, &args, NULL);
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(arch_arm_kprobe);

	void arch_disarm_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
	{
	struct swap_insn_args args = {.p = p, .arm_kprobe = 0};

	stop_machine_cpuslocked(swap_instruction, &args, NULL);
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(arch_disarm_kprobe);

	void arch_remove_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
	{
	s390_free_insn_slot(p);
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(arch_remove_kprobe);

	static void enable_singlestep(struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb,
	struct pt_regs *regs,
	unsigned long ip)
	{
	struct per_regs per_kprobe;

	/* Set up the PER control registers %cr9-%cr11 */
	per_kprobe.control = PER_EVENT_IFETCH;
	per_kprobe.start = ip;
	per_kprobe.end = ip;

	/* Save control regs and psw mask */
	__ctl_store(kcb->kprobe_saved_ctl, 9, 11);
	kcb->kprobe_saved_imask = regs->psw.mask &
	(PSW_MASK_PER \| PSW_MASK_IO \| PSW_MASK_EXT);

	/* Set PER control regs, turns on single step for the given address */
	__ctl_load(per_kprobe, 9, 11);
	regs->psw.mask \|= PSW_MASK_PER;
	regs->psw.mask &= ~(PSW_MASK_IO \| PSW_MASK_EXT);
	regs->psw.addr = ip;
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(enable_singlestep);

	static void disable_singlestep(struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb,
	struct pt_regs *regs,
	unsigned long ip)
	{
	/* Restore control regs and psw mask, set new psw address */
	__ctl_load(kcb->kprobe_saved_ctl, 9, 11);
	regs->psw.mask &= ~PSW_MASK_PER;
	regs->psw.mask \|= kcb->kprobe_saved_imask;
	regs->psw.addr = ip;
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(disable_singlestep);

	/*
	* Activate a kprobe by storing its pointer to current_kprobe. The
	* previous kprobe is stored in kcb->prev_kprobe. A stack of up to
	* two kprobes can be active, see KPROBE_REENTER.
	*/
	static void push_kprobe(struct kprobe_ctlblk kcb, struct kprobe p)
	{
	kcb->prev_kprobe.kp = __this_cpu_read(current_kprobe);
	kcb->prev_kprobe.status = kcb->kprobe_status;
	__this_cpu_write(current_kprobe, p);
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(push_kprobe);

	/*
	* Deactivate a kprobe by backing up to the previous state. If the
	* current state is KPROBE_REENTER prev_kprobe.kp will be non-NULL,
	* for any other state prev_kprobe.kp will be NULL.
	*/
	static void pop_kprobe(struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb)
	{
	__this_cpu_write(current_kprobe, kcb->prev_kprobe.kp);
	kcb->kprobe_status = kcb->prev_kprobe.status;
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(pop_kprobe);

	void arch_prepare_kretprobe(struct kretprobe_instance ri, struct pt_regs regs)
	{
	ri->ret_addr = (kprobe_opcode_t *) regs->gprs[14];

	/* Replace the return addr with trampoline addr */
	regs->gprs[14] = (unsigned long) &kretprobe_trampoline;
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(arch_prepare_kretprobe);

	static void kprobe_reenter_check(struct kprobe_ctlblk kcb, struct kprobe p)
	{
	switch (kcb->kprobe_status) {
	case KPROBE_HIT_SSDONE:
	case KPROBE_HIT_ACTIVE:
	kprobes_inc_nmissed_count(p);
	break;
	case KPROBE_HIT_SS:
	case KPROBE_REENTER:
	default:
	/*
	* A kprobe on the code path to single step an instruction
	* is a BUG. The code path resides in the .kprobes.text
	* section and is executed with interrupts disabled.
	*/
	pr_err("Invalid kprobe detected.\n");
	dump_kprobe(p);
	BUG();
	}
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_reenter_check);

	static int kprobe_handler(struct pt_regs *regs)
	{
	struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb;
	struct kprobe *p;

	/*
	* We want to disable preemption for the entire duration of kprobe
	* processing. That includes the calls to the pre/post handlers
	* and single stepping the kprobe instruction.
	*/
	preempt_disable();
	kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk();
	p = get_kprobe((void *)(regs->psw.addr - 2));

	if (p) {
	if (kprobe_running()) {
	/*
	* We have hit a kprobe while another is still
	* active. This can happen in the pre and post
	* handler. Single step the instruction of the
	* new probe but do not call any handler function
	* of this secondary kprobe.
	* push_kprobe and pop_kprobe saves and restores
	* the currently active kprobe.
	*/
	kprobe_reenter_check(kcb, p);
	push_kprobe(kcb, p);
	kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_REENTER;
	} else {
	/*
	* If we have no pre-handler or it returned 0, we
	* continue with single stepping. If we have a
	* pre-handler and it returned non-zero, it prepped
	* for changing execution path, so get out doing
	* nothing more here.
	*/
	push_kprobe(kcb, p);
	kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_HIT_ACTIVE;
	if (p->pre_handler && p->pre_handler(p, regs)) {
	pop_kprobe(kcb);
	preempt_enable_no_resched();
	return 1;
	}
	kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_HIT_SS;
	}
	enable_singlestep(kcb, regs, (unsigned long) p->ainsn.insn);
	return 1;
	} /* else:
	* No kprobe at this address and no active kprobe. The trap has
	* not been caused by a kprobe breakpoint. The race of breakpoint
	* vs. kprobe remove does not exist because on s390 as we use
	* stop_machine to arm/disarm the breakpoints.
	*/
	preempt_enable_no_resched();
	return 0;
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_handler);

	/*
	* Function return probe trampoline:
	* - init_kprobes() establishes a probepoint here
	* - When the probed function returns, this probe
	* causes the handlers to fire
	*/
	static void __used kretprobe_trampoline_holder(void)
	{
	asm volatile(".global kretprobe_trampoline\n"
	"kretprobe_trampoline: bcr 0,0\n");
	}

	/*
	* Called when the probe at kretprobe trampoline is hit
	*/
	static int trampoline_probe_handler(struct kprobe p, struct pt_regs regs)
	{
	struct kretprobe_instance *ri;
	struct hlist_head *head, empty_rp;
	struct hlist_node *tmp;
	unsigned long flags, orig_ret_address;
	unsigned long trampoline_address;
	kprobe_opcode_t *correct_ret_addr;

	INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&empty_rp);
	kretprobe_hash_lock(current, &head, &flags);

	/*
	* It is possible to have multiple instances associated with a given
	* task either because an multiple functions in the call path
	* have a return probe installed on them, and/or more than one return
	* return probe was registered for a target function.
	*
	* We can handle this because:
	* - instances are always inserted at the head of the list
	* - when multiple return probes are registered for the same
	* function, the first instance's ret_addr will point to the
	* real return address, and all the rest will point to
	* kretprobe_trampoline
	*/
	ri = NULL;
	orig_ret_address = 0;
	correct_ret_addr = NULL;
	trampoline_address = (unsigned long) &kretprobe_trampoline;
	hlist_for_each_entry_safe(ri, tmp, head, hlist) {
	if (ri->task != current)
	/* another task is sharing our hash bucket */
	continue;

	orig_ret_address = (unsigned long) ri->ret_addr;

	if (orig_ret_address != trampoline_address)
	/*
	* This is the real return address. Any other
	* instances associated with this task are for
	* other calls deeper on the call stack
	*/
	break;
	}

	kretprobe_assert(ri, orig_ret_address, trampoline_address);

	correct_ret_addr = ri->ret_addr;
	hlist_for_each_entry_safe(ri, tmp, head, hlist) {
	if (ri->task != current)
	/* another task is sharing our hash bucket */
	continue;

	orig_ret_address = (unsigned long) ri->ret_addr;

	if (ri->rp && ri->rp->handler) {
	ri->ret_addr = correct_ret_addr;
	ri->rp->handler(ri, regs);
	}

	recycle_rp_inst(ri, &empty_rp);

	if (orig_ret_address != trampoline_address)
	/*
	* This is the real return address. Any other
	* instances associated with this task are for
	* other calls deeper on the call stack
	*/
	break;
	}

	regs->psw.addr = orig_ret_address;

	kretprobe_hash_unlock(current, &flags);

	hlist_for_each_entry_safe(ri, tmp, &empty_rp, hlist) {
	hlist_del(&ri->hlist);
	kfree(ri);
	}
	/*
	* By returning a non-zero value, we are telling
	* kprobe_handler() that we don't want the post_handler
	* to run (and have re-enabled preemption)
	*/
	return 1;
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(trampoline_probe_handler);

	/*
	* Called after single-stepping. p->addr is the address of the
	* instruction whose first byte has been replaced by the "breakpoint"
	* instruction. To avoid the SMP problems that can occur when we
	* temporarily put back the original opcode to single-step, we
	* single-stepped a copy of the instruction. The address of this
	* copy is p->ainsn.insn.
	*/
	static void resume_execution(struct kprobe p, struct pt_regs regs)
	{
	struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk();
	unsigned long ip = regs->psw.addr;
	int fixup = probe_get_fixup_type(p->ainsn.insn);

	if (fixup & FIXUP_PSW_NORMAL)
	ip += (unsigned long) p->addr - (unsigned long) p->ainsn.insn;

	if (fixup & FIXUP_BRANCH_NOT_TAKEN) {
	int ilen = insn_length(p->ainsn.insn[0] >> 8);
	if (ip - (unsigned long) p->ainsn.insn == ilen)
	ip = (unsigned long) p->addr + ilen;
	}

	if (fixup & FIXUP_RETURN_REGISTER) {
	int reg = (p->ainsn.insn[0] & 0xf0) >> 4;
	regs->gprs[reg] += (unsigned long) p->addr -
	(unsigned long) p->ainsn.insn;
	}

	disable_singlestep(kcb, regs, ip);
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(resume_execution);

	static int post_kprobe_handler(struct pt_regs *regs)
	{
	struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk();
	struct kprobe *p = kprobe_running();

	if (!p)
	return 0;

	if (kcb->kprobe_status != KPROBE_REENTER && p->post_handler) {
	kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_HIT_SSDONE;
	p->post_handler(p, regs, 0);
	}

	resume_execution(p, regs);
	pop_kprobe(kcb);
	preempt_enable_no_resched();

	/*
	* if somebody else is singlestepping across a probe point, psw mask
	* will have PER set, in which case, continue the remaining processing
	* of do_single_step, as if this is not a probe hit.
	*/
	if (regs->psw.mask & PSW_MASK_PER)
	return 0;

	return 1;
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(post_kprobe_handler);

	static int kprobe_trap_handler(struct pt_regs *regs, int trapnr)
	{
	struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk();
	struct kprobe *p = kprobe_running();
	const struct exception_table_entry *entry;

	switch(kcb->kprobe_status) {
	case KPROBE_HIT_SS:
	case KPROBE_REENTER:
	/*
	* We are here because the instruction being single
	* stepped caused a page fault. We reset the current
	* kprobe and the nip points back to the probe address
	* and allow the page fault handler to continue as a
	* normal page fault.
	*/
	disable_singlestep(kcb, regs, (unsigned long) p->addr);
	pop_kprobe(kcb);
	preempt_enable_no_resched();
	break;
	case KPROBE_HIT_ACTIVE:
	case KPROBE_HIT_SSDONE:
	/*
	* We increment the nmissed count for accounting,
	* we can also use npre/npostfault count for accounting
	* these specific fault cases.
	*/
	kprobes_inc_nmissed_count(p);

	/*
	* We come here because instructions in the pre/post
	* handler caused the page_fault, this could happen
	* if handler tries to access user space by
	* copy_from_user(), get_user() etc. Let the
	* user-specified handler try to fix it first.
	*/
	if (p->fault_handler && p->fault_handler(p, regs, trapnr))
	return 1;

	/*
	* In case the user-specified fault handler returned
	* zero, try to fix up.
	*/
	entry = s390_search_extables(regs->psw.addr);
	if (entry && ex_handle(entry, regs))
	return 1;

	/*
	* fixup_exception() could not handle it,
	* Let do_page_fault() fix it.
	*/
	break;
	default:
	break;
	}
	return 0;
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_trap_handler);

	int kprobe_fault_handler(struct pt_regs *regs, int trapnr)
	{
	int ret;

	if (regs->psw.mask & (PSW_MASK_IO \| PSW_MASK_EXT))
	local_irq_disable();
	ret = kprobe_trap_handler(regs, trapnr);
	if (regs->psw.mask & (PSW_MASK_IO \| PSW_MASK_EXT))
	local_irq_restore(regs->psw.mask & ~PSW_MASK_PER);
	return ret;
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_fault_handler);

	/*
	* Wrapper routine to for handling exceptions.
	*/
	int kprobe_exceptions_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
	unsigned long val, void *data)
	{
	struct die_args args = (struct die_args ) data;
	struct pt_regs *regs = args->regs;
	int ret = NOTIFY_DONE;

	if (regs->psw.mask & (PSW_MASK_IO \| PSW_MASK_EXT))
	local_irq_disable();

	switch (val) {
	case DIE_BPT:
	if (kprobe_handler(regs))
	ret = NOTIFY_STOP;
	break;
	case DIE_SSTEP:
	if (post_kprobe_handler(regs))
	ret = NOTIFY_STOP;
	break;
	case DIE_TRAP:
	if (!preemptible() && kprobe_running() &&
	kprobe_trap_handler(regs, args->trapnr))
	ret = NOTIFY_STOP;
	break;
	default:
	break;
	}

	if (regs->psw.mask & (PSW_MASK_IO \| PSW_MASK_EXT))
	local_irq_restore(regs->psw.mask & ~PSW_MASK_PER);

	return ret;
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_exceptions_notify);

	static struct kprobe trampoline = {
	.addr = (kprobe_opcode_t *) &kretprobe_trampoline,
	.pre_handler = trampoline_probe_handler
	};

	int __init arch_init_kprobes(void)
	{
	return register_kprobe(&trampoline);
	}

	int arch_trampoline_kprobe(struct kprobe *p)
	{
	return p->addr == (kprobe_opcode_t *) &kretprobe_trampoline;
	}
	NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(arch_trampoline_kprobe);