blob: 40799f3f02131cf2d36d3f99906a322a7e18b1c1 [file] [log] [blame] [edit]
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* A test of splitting PMD THPs and PTE-mapped THPs from a specified virtual
* address range in a process via <debugfs>/split_huge_pages interface.
*/
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <malloc.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <time.h>
#include "vm_util.h"
#include "kselftest.h"
uint64_t pagesize;
unsigned int pageshift;
uint64_t pmd_pagesize;
unsigned int pmd_order;
int *expected_orders;
#define SPLIT_DEBUGFS "/sys/kernel/debug/split_huge_pages"
#define SMAP_PATH "/proc/self/smaps"
#define INPUT_MAX 80
#define PID_FMT "%d,0x%lx,0x%lx,%d"
#define PID_FMT_OFFSET "%d,0x%lx,0x%lx,%d,%d"
#define PATH_FMT "%s,0x%lx,0x%lx,%d"
const char *pagemap_proc = "/proc/self/pagemap";
const char *kpageflags_proc = "/proc/kpageflags";
int pagemap_fd;
int kpageflags_fd;
static bool is_backed_by_folio(char *vaddr, int order, int pagemap_fd,
int kpageflags_fd)
{
const uint64_t folio_head_flags = KPF_THP | KPF_COMPOUND_HEAD;
const uint64_t folio_tail_flags = KPF_THP | KPF_COMPOUND_TAIL;
const unsigned long nr_pages = 1UL << order;
unsigned long pfn_head;
uint64_t pfn_flags;
unsigned long pfn;
unsigned long i;
pfn = pagemap_get_pfn(pagemap_fd, vaddr);
/* non present page */
if (pfn == -1UL)
return false;
if (pageflags_get(pfn, kpageflags_fd, &pfn_flags))
goto fail;
/* check for order-0 pages */
if (!order) {
if (pfn_flags & (folio_head_flags | folio_tail_flags))
return false;
return true;
}
/* non THP folio */
if (!(pfn_flags & KPF_THP))
return false;
pfn_head = pfn & ~(nr_pages - 1);
if (pageflags_get(pfn_head, kpageflags_fd, &pfn_flags))
goto fail;
/* head PFN has no compound_head flag set */
if ((pfn_flags & folio_head_flags) != folio_head_flags)
return false;
/* check all tail PFN flags */
for (i = 1; i < nr_pages; i++) {
if (pageflags_get(pfn_head + i, kpageflags_fd, &pfn_flags))
goto fail;
if ((pfn_flags & folio_tail_flags) != folio_tail_flags)
return false;
}
/*
* check the PFN after this folio, but if its flags cannot be obtained,
* assume this folio has the expected order
*/
if (pageflags_get(pfn_head + nr_pages, kpageflags_fd, &pfn_flags))
return true;
/* If we find another tail page, then the folio is larger. */
return (pfn_flags & folio_tail_flags) != folio_tail_flags;
fail:
ksft_exit_fail_msg("Failed to get folio info\n");
return false;
}
static int vaddr_pageflags_get(char *vaddr, int pagemap_fd, int kpageflags_fd,
uint64_t *flags)
{
unsigned long pfn;
pfn = pagemap_get_pfn(pagemap_fd, vaddr);
/* non-present PFN */
if (pfn == -1UL)
return 1;
if (pageflags_get(pfn, kpageflags_fd, flags))
return -1;
return 0;
}
/*
* gather_after_split_folio_orders - scan through [vaddr_start, len) and record
* folio orders
*
* @vaddr_start: start vaddr
* @len: range length
* @pagemap_fd: file descriptor to /proc/<pid>/pagemap
* @kpageflags_fd: file descriptor to /proc/kpageflags
* @orders: output folio order array
* @nr_orders: folio order array size
*
* gather_after_split_folio_orders() scan through [vaddr_start, len) and check
* all folios within the range and record their orders. All order-0 pages will
* be recorded. Non-present vaddr is skipped.
*
* NOTE: the function is used to check folio orders after a split is performed,
* so it assumes [vaddr_start, len) fully maps to after-split folios within that
* range.
*
* Return: 0 - no error, -1 - unhandled cases
*/
static int gather_after_split_folio_orders(char *vaddr_start, size_t len,
int pagemap_fd, int kpageflags_fd, int orders[], int nr_orders)
{
uint64_t page_flags = 0;
int cur_order = -1;
char *vaddr;
if (pagemap_fd == -1 || kpageflags_fd == -1)
return -1;
if (!orders)
return -1;
if (nr_orders <= 0)
return -1;
for (vaddr = vaddr_start; vaddr < vaddr_start + len;) {
char *next_folio_vaddr;
int status;
status = vaddr_pageflags_get(vaddr, pagemap_fd, kpageflags_fd,
&page_flags);
if (status < 0)
return -1;
/* skip non present vaddr */
if (status == 1) {
vaddr += psize();
continue;
}
/* all order-0 pages with possible false postive (non folio) */
if (!(page_flags & (KPF_COMPOUND_HEAD | KPF_COMPOUND_TAIL))) {
orders[0]++;
vaddr += psize();
continue;
}
/* skip non thp compound pages */
if (!(page_flags & KPF_THP)) {
vaddr += psize();
continue;
}
/* vpn points to part of a THP at this point */
if (page_flags & KPF_COMPOUND_HEAD)
cur_order = 1;
else {
vaddr += psize();
continue;
}
next_folio_vaddr = vaddr + (1UL << (cur_order + pshift()));
if (next_folio_vaddr >= vaddr_start + len)
break;
while ((status = vaddr_pageflags_get(next_folio_vaddr,
pagemap_fd, kpageflags_fd,
&page_flags)) >= 0) {
/*
* non present vaddr, next compound head page, or
* order-0 page
*/
if (status == 1 ||
(page_flags & KPF_COMPOUND_HEAD) ||
!(page_flags & (KPF_COMPOUND_HEAD | KPF_COMPOUND_TAIL))) {
if (cur_order < nr_orders) {
orders[cur_order]++;
cur_order = -1;
vaddr = next_folio_vaddr;
}
break;
}
cur_order++;
next_folio_vaddr = vaddr + (1UL << (cur_order + pshift()));
}
if (status < 0)
return status;
}
if (cur_order > 0 && cur_order < nr_orders)
orders[cur_order]++;
return 0;
}
static int check_after_split_folio_orders(char *vaddr_start, size_t len,
int pagemap_fd, int kpageflags_fd, int orders[], int nr_orders)
{
int *vaddr_orders;
int status;
int i;
vaddr_orders = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int) * nr_orders);
if (!vaddr_orders)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("Cannot allocate memory for vaddr_orders");
memset(vaddr_orders, 0, sizeof(int) * nr_orders);
status = gather_after_split_folio_orders(vaddr_start, len, pagemap_fd,
kpageflags_fd, vaddr_orders, nr_orders);
if (status)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("gather folio info failed\n");
for (i = 0; i < nr_orders; i++)
if (vaddr_orders[i] != orders[i]) {
ksft_print_msg("order %d: expected: %d got %d\n", i,
orders[i], vaddr_orders[i]);
status = -1;
}
free(vaddr_orders);
return status;
}
static void write_file(const char *path, const char *buf, size_t buflen)
{
int fd;
ssize_t numwritten;
fd = open(path, O_WRONLY);
if (fd == -1)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("%s open failed: %s\n", path, strerror(errno));
numwritten = write(fd, buf, buflen - 1);
close(fd);
if (numwritten < 1)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("Write failed\n");
}
static void write_debugfs(const char *fmt, ...)
{
char input[INPUT_MAX];
int ret;
va_list argp;
va_start(argp, fmt);
ret = vsnprintf(input, INPUT_MAX, fmt, argp);
va_end(argp);
if (ret >= INPUT_MAX)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("%s: Debugfs input is too long\n", __func__);
write_file(SPLIT_DEBUGFS, input, ret + 1);
}
static char *allocate_zero_filled_hugepage(size_t len)
{
char *result;
size_t i;
result = memalign(pmd_pagesize, len);
if (!result) {
printf("Fail to allocate memory\n");
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
madvise(result, len, MADV_HUGEPAGE);
for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
result[i] = (char)0;
return result;
}
static void verify_rss_anon_split_huge_page_all_zeroes(char *one_page, int nr_hpages, size_t len)
{
unsigned long rss_anon_before, rss_anon_after;
size_t i;
if (!check_huge_anon(one_page, nr_hpages, pmd_pagesize))
ksft_exit_fail_msg("No THP is allocated\n");
rss_anon_before = rss_anon();
if (!rss_anon_before)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("No RssAnon is allocated before split\n");
/* split all THPs */
write_debugfs(PID_FMT, getpid(), (uint64_t)one_page,
(uint64_t)one_page + len, 0);
for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
if (one_page[i] != (char)0)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("%ld byte corrupted\n", i);
if (!check_huge_anon(one_page, 0, pmd_pagesize))
ksft_exit_fail_msg("Still AnonHugePages not split\n");
rss_anon_after = rss_anon();
if (rss_anon_after >= rss_anon_before)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("Incorrect RssAnon value. Before: %ld After: %ld\n",
rss_anon_before, rss_anon_after);
}
static void split_pmd_zero_pages(void)
{
char *one_page;
int nr_hpages = 4;
size_t len = nr_hpages * pmd_pagesize;
one_page = allocate_zero_filled_hugepage(len);
verify_rss_anon_split_huge_page_all_zeroes(one_page, nr_hpages, len);
ksft_test_result_pass("Split zero filled huge pages successful\n");
free(one_page);
}
static void split_pmd_thp_to_order(int order)
{
char *one_page;
size_t len = 4 * pmd_pagesize;
size_t i;
one_page = memalign(pmd_pagesize, len);
if (!one_page)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("Fail to allocate memory: %s\n", strerror(errno));
madvise(one_page, len, MADV_HUGEPAGE);
for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
one_page[i] = (char)i;
if (!check_huge_anon(one_page, 4, pmd_pagesize))
ksft_exit_fail_msg("No THP is allocated\n");
/* split all THPs */
write_debugfs(PID_FMT, getpid(), (uint64_t)one_page,
(uint64_t)one_page + len, order);
for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
if (one_page[i] != (char)i)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("%ld byte corrupted\n", i);
memset(expected_orders, 0, sizeof(int) * (pmd_order + 1));
expected_orders[order] = 4 << (pmd_order - order);
if (check_after_split_folio_orders(one_page, len, pagemap_fd,
kpageflags_fd, expected_orders,
(pmd_order + 1)))
ksft_exit_fail_msg("Unexpected THP split\n");
if (!check_huge_anon(one_page, 0, pmd_pagesize))
ksft_exit_fail_msg("Still AnonHugePages not split\n");
ksft_test_result_pass("Split huge pages to order %d successful\n", order);
free(one_page);
}
static void split_pte_mapped_thp(void)
{
const size_t nr_thps = 4;
const size_t thp_area_size = nr_thps * pmd_pagesize;
const size_t page_area_size = nr_thps * pagesize;
char *thp_area, *tmp, *page_area = MAP_FAILED;
size_t i;
thp_area = mmap((void *)(1UL << 30), thp_area_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE, -1, 0);
if (thp_area == MAP_FAILED) {
ksft_test_result_fail("Fail to allocate memory: %s\n", strerror(errno));
return;
}
madvise(thp_area, thp_area_size, MADV_HUGEPAGE);
for (i = 0; i < thp_area_size; i++)
thp_area[i] = (char)i;
if (!check_huge_anon(thp_area, nr_thps, pmd_pagesize)) {
ksft_test_result_skip("Not all THPs allocated\n");
goto out;
}
/*
* To challenge spitting code, we will mremap a single page of each
* THP (page[i] of thp[i]) in the thp_area into page_area. This will
* replace the PMD mappings in the thp_area by PTE mappings first,
* but leaving the THP unsplit, to then create a page-sized hole in
* the thp_area.
* We will then manually trigger splitting of all THPs through the
* single mremap'ed pages of each THP in the page_area.
*/
page_area = mmap(NULL, page_area_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE, -1, 0);
if (page_area == MAP_FAILED) {
ksft_test_result_fail("Fail to allocate memory: %s\n", strerror(errno));
goto out;
}
for (i = 0; i < nr_thps; i++) {
tmp = mremap(thp_area + pmd_pagesize * i + pagesize * i,
pagesize, pagesize, MREMAP_MAYMOVE|MREMAP_FIXED,
page_area + pagesize * i);
if (tmp != MAP_FAILED)
continue;
ksft_test_result_fail("mremap failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
goto out;
}
/*
* Verify that our THPs were not split yet. Note that
* check_huge_anon() cannot be used as it checks for PMD mappings.
*/
for (i = 0; i < nr_thps; i++) {
if (is_backed_by_folio(page_area + i * pagesize, pmd_order,
pagemap_fd, kpageflags_fd))
continue;
ksft_test_result_fail("THP %zu missing after mremap\n", i);
goto out;
}
/* Split all THPs through the remapped pages. */
write_debugfs(PID_FMT, getpid(), (uint64_t)page_area,
(uint64_t)page_area + page_area_size, 0);
/* Corruption during mremap or split? */
for (i = 0; i < page_area_size; i++) {
if (page_area[i] == (char)i)
continue;
ksft_test_result_fail("%zu byte corrupted\n", i);
goto out;
}
/* Split failed? */
for (i = 0; i < nr_thps; i++) {
if (is_backed_by_folio(page_area + i * pagesize, 0,
pagemap_fd, kpageflags_fd))
continue;
ksft_test_result_fail("THP %zu not split\n", i);
}
ksft_test_result_pass("Split PTE-mapped huge pages successful\n");
out:
munmap(thp_area, thp_area_size);
if (page_area != MAP_FAILED)
munmap(page_area, page_area_size);
}
static void split_file_backed_thp(int order)
{
int status;
int fd;
char tmpfs_template[] = "/tmp/thp_split_XXXXXX";
const char *tmpfs_loc = mkdtemp(tmpfs_template);
char testfile[INPUT_MAX];
ssize_t num_written, num_read;
char *file_buf1, *file_buf2;
uint64_t pgoff_start = 0, pgoff_end = 1024;
int i;
ksft_print_msg("Please enable pr_debug in split_huge_pages_in_file() for more info.\n");
file_buf1 = (char *)malloc(pmd_pagesize);
file_buf2 = (char *)malloc(pmd_pagesize);
if (!file_buf1 || !file_buf2) {
ksft_print_msg("cannot allocate file buffers\n");
goto out;
}
for (i = 0; i < pmd_pagesize; i++)
file_buf1[i] = (char)i;
memset(file_buf2, 0, pmd_pagesize);
status = mount("tmpfs", tmpfs_loc, "tmpfs", 0, "huge=always,size=4m");
if (status)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("Unable to create a tmpfs for testing\n");
status = snprintf(testfile, INPUT_MAX, "%s/thp_file", tmpfs_loc);
if (status >= INPUT_MAX) {
ksft_print_msg("Fail to create file-backed THP split testing file\n");
goto cleanup;
}
fd = open(testfile, O_CREAT|O_RDWR, 0664);
if (fd == -1) {
ksft_perror("Cannot open testing file");
goto cleanup;
}
/* write pmd size data to the file, so a file-backed THP can be allocated */
num_written = write(fd, file_buf1, pmd_pagesize);
if (num_written == -1 || num_written != pmd_pagesize) {
ksft_perror("Failed to write data to testing file");
goto close_file;
}
/* split the file-backed THP */
write_debugfs(PATH_FMT, testfile, pgoff_start, pgoff_end, order);
/* check file content after split */
status = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
if (status == -1) {
ksft_perror("Cannot lseek file");
goto close_file;
}
num_read = read(fd, file_buf2, num_written);
if (num_read == -1 || num_read != num_written) {
ksft_perror("Cannot read file content back");
goto close_file;
}
if (strncmp(file_buf1, file_buf2, pmd_pagesize) != 0) {
ksft_print_msg("File content changed\n");
goto close_file;
}
close(fd);
status = unlink(testfile);
if (status) {
ksft_perror("Cannot remove testing file");
goto cleanup;
}
status = umount(tmpfs_loc);
if (status) {
rmdir(tmpfs_loc);
ksft_exit_fail_msg("Unable to umount %s\n", tmpfs_loc);
}
status = rmdir(tmpfs_loc);
if (status)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("cannot remove tmp dir: %s\n", strerror(errno));
ksft_print_msg("Please check dmesg for more information\n");
ksft_test_result_pass("File-backed THP split to order %d test done\n", order);
return;
close_file:
close(fd);
cleanup:
umount(tmpfs_loc);
rmdir(tmpfs_loc);
out:
ksft_exit_fail_msg("Error occurred\n");
}
static bool prepare_thp_fs(const char *xfs_path, char *thp_fs_template,
const char **thp_fs_loc)
{
if (xfs_path) {
*thp_fs_loc = xfs_path;
return false;
}
*thp_fs_loc = mkdtemp(thp_fs_template);
if (!*thp_fs_loc)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("cannot create temp folder\n");
return true;
}
static void cleanup_thp_fs(const char *thp_fs_loc, bool created_tmp)
{
int status;
if (!created_tmp)
return;
status = rmdir(thp_fs_loc);
if (status)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("cannot remove tmp dir: %s\n",
strerror(errno));
}
static int create_pagecache_thp_and_fd(const char *testfile, size_t fd_size,
int *fd, char **addr)
{
size_t i;
unsigned char buf[1024];
srand(time(NULL));
*fd = open(testfile, O_CREAT | O_RDWR, 0664);
if (*fd == -1)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("Failed to create a file at %s\n", testfile);
assert(fd_size % sizeof(buf) == 0);
for (i = 0; i < sizeof(buf); i++)
buf[i] = (unsigned char)i;
for (i = 0; i < fd_size; i += sizeof(buf))
write(*fd, buf, sizeof(buf));
close(*fd);
sync();
*fd = open("/proc/sys/vm/drop_caches", O_WRONLY);
if (*fd == -1) {
ksft_perror("open drop_caches");
goto err_out_unlink;
}
if (write(*fd, "3", 1) != 1) {
ksft_perror("write to drop_caches");
goto err_out_unlink;
}
close(*fd);
*fd = open(testfile, O_RDWR);
if (*fd == -1) {
ksft_perror("Failed to open testfile\n");
goto err_out_unlink;
}
*addr = mmap(NULL, fd_size, PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, *fd, 0);
if (*addr == (char *)-1) {
ksft_perror("cannot mmap");
goto err_out_close;
}
madvise(*addr, fd_size, MADV_HUGEPAGE);
for (size_t i = 0; i < fd_size; i++) {
char *addr2 = *addr + i;
FORCE_READ(*addr2);
}
if (!check_huge_file(*addr, fd_size / pmd_pagesize, pmd_pagesize)) {
ksft_print_msg("No large pagecache folio generated, please provide a filesystem supporting large folio\n");
munmap(*addr, fd_size);
close(*fd);
unlink(testfile);
ksft_test_result_skip("Pagecache folio split skipped\n");
return -2;
}
return 0;
err_out_close:
close(*fd);
err_out_unlink:
unlink(testfile);
ksft_exit_fail_msg("Failed to create large pagecache folios\n");
return -1;
}
static void split_thp_in_pagecache_to_order_at(size_t fd_size,
const char *fs_loc, int order, int offset)
{
int fd;
char *split_addr;
char *addr;
size_t i;
char testfile[INPUT_MAX];
int err = 0;
err = snprintf(testfile, INPUT_MAX, "%s/test", fs_loc);
if (err < 0)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("cannot generate right test file name\n");
err = create_pagecache_thp_and_fd(testfile, fd_size, &fd, &addr);
if (err)
return;
err = 0;
memset(expected_orders, 0, sizeof(int) * (pmd_order + 1));
/*
* use [split_addr, split_addr + pagesize) range to split THPs, since
* the debugfs function always split a range with pagesize step and
* providing a full [addr, addr + fd_size) range can trigger multiple
* splits, complicating after-split result checking.
*/
if (offset == -1) {
for (split_addr = addr; split_addr < addr + fd_size; split_addr += pmd_pagesize)
write_debugfs(PID_FMT, getpid(), (uint64_t)split_addr,
(uint64_t)split_addr + pagesize, order);
expected_orders[order] = fd_size / (pagesize << order);
} else {
int times = fd_size / pmd_pagesize;
for (split_addr = addr; split_addr < addr + fd_size; split_addr += pmd_pagesize)
write_debugfs(PID_FMT_OFFSET, getpid(), (uint64_t)split_addr,
(uint64_t)split_addr + pagesize, order, offset);
for (i = order + 1; i < pmd_order; i++)
expected_orders[i] = times;
expected_orders[order] = 2 * times;
}
for (i = 0; i < fd_size; i++)
if (*(addr + i) != (char)i) {
ksft_print_msg("%lu byte corrupted in the file\n", i);
err = EXIT_FAILURE;
goto out;
}
if (check_after_split_folio_orders(addr, fd_size, pagemap_fd,
kpageflags_fd, expected_orders,
(pmd_order + 1))) {
ksft_print_msg("Unexpected THP split\n");
err = 1;
goto out;
}
if (!check_huge_file(addr, 0, pmd_pagesize)) {
ksft_print_msg("Still FilePmdMapped not split\n");
err = EXIT_FAILURE;
goto out;
}
out:
munmap(addr, fd_size);
close(fd);
unlink(testfile);
if (offset == -1) {
if (err)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("Split PMD-mapped pagecache folio to order %d failed\n", order);
ksft_test_result_pass("Split PMD-mapped pagecache folio to order %d passed\n", order);
} else {
if (err)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("Split PMD-mapped pagecache folio to order %d at in-folio offset %d failed\n", order, offset);
ksft_test_result_pass("Split PMD-mapped pagecache folio to order %d at in-folio offset %d passed\n", order, offset);
}
}
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int i;
size_t fd_size;
char *optional_xfs_path = NULL;
char fs_loc_template[] = "/tmp/thp_fs_XXXXXX";
const char *fs_loc;
bool created_tmp;
int offset;
unsigned int nr_pages;
unsigned int tests;
ksft_print_header();
if (geteuid() != 0) {
ksft_print_msg("Please run the benchmark as root\n");
ksft_finished();
}
if (argc > 1)
optional_xfs_path = argv[1];
pagesize = getpagesize();
pageshift = ffs(pagesize) - 1;
pmd_pagesize = read_pmd_pagesize();
if (!pmd_pagesize)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("Reading PMD pagesize failed\n");
nr_pages = pmd_pagesize / pagesize;
pmd_order = sz2ord(pmd_pagesize, pagesize);
expected_orders = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int) * (pmd_order + 1));
if (!expected_orders)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("Fail to allocate memory: %s\n", strerror(errno));
tests = 2 + (pmd_order - 1) + (2 * pmd_order) + (pmd_order - 1) * 4 + 2;
ksft_set_plan(tests);
pagemap_fd = open(pagemap_proc, O_RDONLY);
if (pagemap_fd == -1)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("read pagemap: %s\n", strerror(errno));
kpageflags_fd = open(kpageflags_proc, O_RDONLY);
if (kpageflags_fd == -1)
ksft_exit_fail_msg("read kpageflags: %s\n", strerror(errno));
fd_size = 2 * pmd_pagesize;
split_pmd_zero_pages();
for (i = 0; i < pmd_order; i++)
if (i != 1)
split_pmd_thp_to_order(i);
split_pte_mapped_thp();
for (i = 0; i < pmd_order; i++)
split_file_backed_thp(i);
created_tmp = prepare_thp_fs(optional_xfs_path, fs_loc_template,
&fs_loc);
for (i = pmd_order - 1; i >= 0; i--)
split_thp_in_pagecache_to_order_at(fd_size, fs_loc, i, -1);
for (i = 0; i < pmd_order; i++)
for (offset = 0;
offset < nr_pages;
offset += MAX(nr_pages / 4, 1 << i))
split_thp_in_pagecache_to_order_at(fd_size, fs_loc, i, offset);
cleanup_thp_fs(fs_loc, created_tmp);
close(pagemap_fd);
close(kpageflags_fd);
free(expected_orders);
ksft_finished();
return 0;
}