Tejun Heo | 6d66f5c | 2007-09-20 17:31:38 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 1 | /* |
| 2 | * fs/sysfs/sysfs.h - sysfs internal header file |
| 3 | * |
| 4 | * Copyright (c) 2001-3 Patrick Mochel |
| 5 | * Copyright (c) 2007 SUSE Linux Products GmbH |
| 6 | * Copyright (c) 2007 Tejun Heo <teheo@suse.de> |
| 7 | * |
| 8 | * This file is released under the GPLv2. |
| 9 | */ |
| 10 | |
Eric W. Biederman | 846f997 | 2010-01-02 13:37:12 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 11 | #include <linux/lockdep.h> |
Alexey Dobriyan | 57cc721 | 2011-01-10 08:18:25 +0200 | [diff] [blame] | 12 | #include <linux/kobject_ns.h> |
David P. Quigley | ddd29ec | 2009-09-09 14:25:37 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 13 | #include <linux/fs.h> |
Mikulas Patocka | 4f72c0c | 2011-07-25 17:55:57 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 14 | #include <linux/rbtree.h> |
David P. Quigley | ddd29ec | 2009-09-09 14:25:37 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 15 | |
Tejun Heo | 85a4ffa | 2007-09-20 16:05:12 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 16 | struct sysfs_open_dirent; |
| 17 | |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 18 | /* type-specific structures for sysfs_dirent->s_* union members */ |
Tejun Heo | 3e51903 | 2007-06-14 03:45:15 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 19 | struct sysfs_elem_dir { |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 20 | struct kobject *kobj; |
Mikulas Patocka | 7f9838f | 2011-07-21 19:59:22 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 21 | |
Greg Kroah-Hartman | 54d20f0 | 2012-03-08 13:03:10 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 22 | unsigned long subdirs; |
Eric W. Biederman | 4e4d6d8 | 2011-12-18 20:05:43 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 23 | /* children rbtree starts here and goes through sd->s_rb */ |
| 24 | struct rb_root children; |
Tejun Heo | 3e51903 | 2007-06-14 03:45:15 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 25 | }; |
| 26 | |
| 27 | struct sysfs_elem_symlink { |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 28 | struct sysfs_dirent *target_sd; |
Tejun Heo | 3e51903 | 2007-06-14 03:45:15 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 29 | }; |
| 30 | |
| 31 | struct sysfs_elem_attr { |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 32 | struct attribute *attr; |
Tejun Heo | 85a4ffa | 2007-09-20 16:05:12 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 33 | struct sysfs_open_dirent *open; |
Tejun Heo | 3e51903 | 2007-06-14 03:45:15 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 34 | }; |
| 35 | |
| 36 | struct sysfs_elem_bin_attr { |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 37 | struct bin_attribute *bin_attr; |
Eric W. Biederman | e0edd3c | 2009-03-04 11:57:20 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 38 | struct hlist_head buffers; |
Tejun Heo | 3e51903 | 2007-06-14 03:45:15 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 39 | }; |
| 40 | |
David P. Quigley | ddd29ec | 2009-09-09 14:25:37 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 41 | struct sysfs_inode_attrs { |
| 42 | struct iattr ia_iattr; |
| 43 | void *ia_secdata; |
| 44 | u32 ia_secdata_len; |
| 45 | }; |
| 46 | |
Tejun Heo | 0ab6608 | 2007-06-14 03:45:16 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 47 | /* |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 48 | * sysfs_dirent - the building block of sysfs hierarchy. Each and |
| 49 | * every sysfs node is represented by single sysfs_dirent. |
| 50 | * |
Tejun Heo | 0ab6608 | 2007-06-14 03:45:16 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 51 | * As long as s_count reference is held, the sysfs_dirent itself is |
| 52 | * accessible. Dereferencing s_elem or any other outer entity |
| 53 | * requires s_active reference. |
| 54 | */ |
Adam J. Richter | d56c3eae | 2007-02-16 21:35:25 +0800 | [diff] [blame] | 55 | struct sysfs_dirent { |
| 56 | atomic_t s_count; |
Tejun Heo | 8619f97 | 2007-06-14 03:45:18 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 57 | atomic_t s_active; |
Eric W. Biederman | 846f997 | 2010-01-02 13:37:12 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 58 | #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC |
| 59 | struct lockdep_map dep_map; |
| 60 | #endif |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 61 | struct sysfs_dirent *s_parent; |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 62 | const char *s_name; |
Tejun Heo | 3e51903 | 2007-06-14 03:45:15 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 63 | |
Eric W. Biederman | 4e4d6d8 | 2011-12-18 20:05:43 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 64 | struct rb_node s_rb; |
Mikulas Patocka | 4f72c0c | 2011-07-25 17:55:57 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 65 | |
Mikulas Patocka | 58f2a4c | 2011-07-21 20:01:12 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 66 | union { |
| 67 | struct completion *completion; |
| 68 | struct sysfs_dirent *removed_list; |
| 69 | } u; |
| 70 | |
Serge E. Hallyn | be867b1 | 2010-05-03 16:23:15 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 71 | const void *s_ns; /* namespace tag */ |
Eric W. Biederman | 4e4d6d8 | 2011-12-18 20:05:43 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 72 | unsigned int s_hash; /* ns + name hash */ |
Tejun Heo | 3e51903 | 2007-06-14 03:45:15 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 73 | union { |
Tejun Heo | b1fc3d6 | 2007-09-20 16:05:11 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 74 | struct sysfs_elem_dir s_dir; |
| 75 | struct sysfs_elem_symlink s_symlink; |
| 76 | struct sysfs_elem_attr s_attr; |
| 77 | struct sysfs_elem_bin_attr s_bin_attr; |
| 78 | }; |
Tejun Heo | 3e51903 | 2007-06-14 03:45:15 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 79 | |
Eric W. Biederman | 15a3382 | 2011-12-18 20:07:23 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 80 | unsigned short s_flags; |
Al Viro | faef2b6 | 2011-07-24 23:44:53 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 81 | umode_t s_mode; |
Eric W. Biederman | cafa6b5 | 2011-12-18 20:08:16 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 82 | unsigned int s_ino; |
David P. Quigley | ddd29ec | 2009-09-09 14:25:37 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 83 | struct sysfs_inode_attrs *s_iattr; |
Adam J. Richter | d56c3eae | 2007-02-16 21:35:25 +0800 | [diff] [blame] | 84 | }; |
Linus Torvalds | 1da177e | 2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 85 | |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 86 | #define SD_DEACTIVATED_BIAS INT_MIN |
Tejun Heo | 0ab6608 | 2007-06-14 03:45:16 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 87 | |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 88 | #define SYSFS_TYPE_MASK 0x00ff |
Tejun Heo | dc2f75f | 2007-09-20 16:05:12 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 89 | #define SYSFS_DIR 0x0001 |
| 90 | #define SYSFS_KOBJ_ATTR 0x0002 |
| 91 | #define SYSFS_KOBJ_BIN_ATTR 0x0004 |
| 92 | #define SYSFS_KOBJ_LINK 0x0008 |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 93 | #define SYSFS_COPY_NAME (SYSFS_DIR | SYSFS_KOBJ_LINK) |
Eric W. Biederman | a2db684 | 2010-02-11 15:20:00 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 94 | #define SYSFS_ACTIVE_REF (SYSFS_KOBJ_ATTR | SYSFS_KOBJ_BIN_ATTR) |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 95 | |
Serge E. Hallyn | be867b1 | 2010-05-03 16:23:15 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 96 | /* identify any namespace tag on sysfs_dirents */ |
Eric W. Biederman | 15a3382 | 2011-12-18 20:07:23 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 97 | #define SYSFS_NS_TYPE_MASK 0xf00 |
Eric W. Biederman | 3ff195b | 2010-03-30 11:31:26 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 98 | #define SYSFS_NS_TYPE_SHIFT 8 |
| 99 | |
| 100 | #define SYSFS_FLAG_MASK ~(SYSFS_NS_TYPE_MASK|SYSFS_TYPE_MASK) |
Eric W. Biederman | 15a3382 | 2011-12-18 20:07:23 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 101 | #define SYSFS_FLAG_REMOVED 0x02000 |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 102 | |
| 103 | static inline unsigned int sysfs_type(struct sysfs_dirent *sd) |
| 104 | { |
| 105 | return sd->s_flags & SYSFS_TYPE_MASK; |
| 106 | } |
| 107 | |
Serge E. Hallyn | be867b1 | 2010-05-03 16:23:15 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 108 | /* |
| 109 | * Return any namespace tags on this dirent. |
| 110 | * enum kobj_ns_type is defined in linux/kobject.h |
| 111 | */ |
Eric W. Biederman | 3ff195b | 2010-03-30 11:31:26 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 112 | static inline enum kobj_ns_type sysfs_ns_type(struct sysfs_dirent *sd) |
| 113 | { |
| 114 | return (sd->s_flags & SYSFS_NS_TYPE_MASK) >> SYSFS_NS_TYPE_SHIFT; |
| 115 | } |
| 116 | |
Eric W. Biederman | 846f997 | 2010-01-02 13:37:12 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 117 | #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC |
| 118 | #define sysfs_dirent_init_lockdep(sd) \ |
| 119 | do { \ |
Eric W. Biederman | 6992f53 | 2010-02-11 15:21:53 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 120 | struct attribute *attr = sd->s_attr.attr; \ |
| 121 | struct lock_class_key *key = attr->key; \ |
| 122 | if (!key) \ |
| 123 | key = &attr->skey; \ |
Eric W. Biederman | 846f997 | 2010-01-02 13:37:12 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 124 | \ |
Eric W. Biederman | 6992f53 | 2010-02-11 15:21:53 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 125 | lockdep_init_map(&sd->dep_map, "s_active", key, 0); \ |
Eric W. Biederman | 846f997 | 2010-01-02 13:37:12 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 126 | } while(0) |
| 127 | #else |
| 128 | #define sysfs_dirent_init_lockdep(sd) do {} while(0) |
| 129 | #endif |
| 130 | |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 131 | /* |
| 132 | * Context structure to be used while adding/removing nodes. |
| 133 | */ |
Tejun Heo | fb6896d | 2007-06-14 04:27:24 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 134 | struct sysfs_addrm_cxt { |
| 135 | struct sysfs_dirent *parent_sd; |
Tejun Heo | fb6896d | 2007-06-14 04:27:24 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 136 | struct sysfs_dirent *removed; |
Tejun Heo | fb6896d | 2007-06-14 04:27:24 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 137 | }; |
| 138 | |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 139 | /* |
| 140 | * mount.c |
| 141 | */ |
Serge E. Hallyn | be867b1 | 2010-05-03 16:23:15 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 142 | |
| 143 | /* |
| 144 | * Each sb is associated with a set of namespace tags (i.e. |
| 145 | * the network namespace of the task which mounted this sysfs |
| 146 | * instance). |
| 147 | */ |
Eric W. Biederman | 9e7fdd2 | 2010-03-30 11:31:24 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 148 | struct sysfs_super_info { |
Al Viro | a685e08 | 2011-06-08 21:13:01 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 149 | void *ns[KOBJ_NS_TYPES]; |
Eric W. Biederman | 9e7fdd2 | 2010-03-30 11:31:24 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 150 | }; |
| 151 | #define sysfs_info(SB) ((struct sysfs_super_info *)(SB->s_fs_info)) |
Tejun Heo | 5122503 | 2007-06-14 04:27:25 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 152 | extern struct sysfs_dirent sysfs_root; |
Christoph Lameter | e18b890 | 2006-12-06 20:33:20 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 153 | extern struct kmem_cache *sysfs_dir_cachep; |
Linus Torvalds | 1da177e | 2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 154 | |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 155 | /* |
| 156 | * dir.c |
| 157 | */ |
Tejun Heo | 3007e99 | 2007-06-14 04:27:23 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 158 | extern struct mutex sysfs_mutex; |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 159 | extern spinlock_t sysfs_assoc_lock; |
Al Viro | 469796d | 2012-06-07 20:51:39 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 160 | extern const struct dentry_operations sysfs_dentry_ops; |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 161 | |
Arjan van de Ven | 4b6f5d2 | 2006-03-28 01:56:42 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 162 | extern const struct file_operations sysfs_dir_operations; |
Arjan van de Ven | c5ef1c4 | 2007-02-12 00:55:40 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 163 | extern const struct inode_operations sysfs_dir_inode_operations; |
Linus Torvalds | 1da177e | 2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 164 | |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 165 | struct dentry *sysfs_get_dentry(struct sysfs_dirent *sd); |
Eric W. Biederman | e72ceb8 | 2010-02-11 15:18:38 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 166 | struct sysfs_dirent *sysfs_get_active(struct sysfs_dirent *sd); |
| 167 | void sysfs_put_active(struct sysfs_dirent *sd); |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 168 | void sysfs_addrm_start(struct sysfs_addrm_cxt *acxt, |
| 169 | struct sysfs_dirent *parent_sd); |
Cornelia Huck | 36ce6da | 2008-06-10 11:09:08 +0200 | [diff] [blame] | 170 | int __sysfs_add_one(struct sysfs_addrm_cxt *acxt, struct sysfs_dirent *sd); |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 171 | int sysfs_add_one(struct sysfs_addrm_cxt *acxt, struct sysfs_dirent *sd); |
| 172 | void sysfs_remove_one(struct sysfs_addrm_cxt *acxt, struct sysfs_dirent *sd); |
| 173 | void sysfs_addrm_finish(struct sysfs_addrm_cxt *acxt); |
Tejun Heo | b402d72 | 2007-06-14 04:27:21 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 174 | |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 175 | struct sysfs_dirent *sysfs_find_dirent(struct sysfs_dirent *parent_sd, |
Eric W. Biederman | 3ff195b | 2010-03-30 11:31:26 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 176 | const void *ns, |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 177 | const unsigned char *name); |
| 178 | struct sysfs_dirent *sysfs_get_dirent(struct sysfs_dirent *parent_sd, |
Eric W. Biederman | 3ff195b | 2010-03-30 11:31:26 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 179 | const void *ns, |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 180 | const unsigned char *name); |
| 181 | struct sysfs_dirent *sysfs_new_dirent(const char *name, umode_t mode, int type); |
| 182 | |
| 183 | void release_sysfs_dirent(struct sysfs_dirent *sd); |
| 184 | |
| 185 | int sysfs_create_subdir(struct kobject *kobj, const char *name, |
| 186 | struct sysfs_dirent **p_sd); |
| 187 | void sysfs_remove_subdir(struct sysfs_dirent *sd); |
| 188 | |
Eric W. Biederman | ca1bab3 | 2009-11-20 16:08:57 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 189 | int sysfs_rename(struct sysfs_dirent *sd, |
Eric W. Biederman | 3ff195b | 2010-03-30 11:31:26 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 190 | struct sysfs_dirent *new_parent_sd, const void *ns, const char *new_name); |
Eric W. Biederman | ca1bab3 | 2009-11-20 16:08:57 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 191 | |
Neil Brown | f1282c8 | 2008-07-16 08:58:04 +1000 | [diff] [blame] | 192 | static inline struct sysfs_dirent *__sysfs_get(struct sysfs_dirent *sd) |
Linus Torvalds | 1da177e | 2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 193 | { |
| 194 | if (sd) { |
| 195 | WARN_ON(!atomic_read(&sd->s_count)); |
| 196 | atomic_inc(&sd->s_count); |
| 197 | } |
| 198 | return sd; |
| 199 | } |
Neil Brown | f1282c8 | 2008-07-16 08:58:04 +1000 | [diff] [blame] | 200 | #define sysfs_get(sd) __sysfs_get(sd) |
Linus Torvalds | 1da177e | 2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 201 | |
Neil Brown | f1282c8 | 2008-07-16 08:58:04 +1000 | [diff] [blame] | 202 | static inline void __sysfs_put(struct sysfs_dirent *sd) |
Linus Torvalds | 1da177e | 2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 203 | { |
Tejun Heo | 7a23ad4 | 2007-06-14 03:45:13 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 204 | if (sd && atomic_dec_and_test(&sd->s_count)) |
Linus Torvalds | 1da177e | 2005-04-16 15:20:36 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 205 | release_sysfs_dirent(sd); |
| 206 | } |
Neil Brown | f1282c8 | 2008-07-16 08:58:04 +1000 | [diff] [blame] | 207 | #define sysfs_put(sd) __sysfs_put(sd) |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 208 | |
| 209 | /* |
| 210 | * inode.c |
| 211 | */ |
Eric W. Biederman | fac2622 | 2010-02-12 19:22:27 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 212 | struct inode *sysfs_get_inode(struct super_block *sb, struct sysfs_dirent *sd); |
Al Viro | 01cd9fe | 2010-06-04 22:21:54 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 213 | void sysfs_evict_inode(struct inode *inode); |
Eric W. Biederman | 35df63c | 2009-11-20 16:08:50 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 214 | int sysfs_sd_setattr(struct sysfs_dirent *sd, struct iattr *iattr); |
Al Viro | 10556cb2 | 2011-06-20 19:28:19 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 215 | int sysfs_permission(struct inode *inode, int mask); |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 216 | int sysfs_setattr(struct dentry *dentry, struct iattr *iattr); |
Eric W. Biederman | e61ab4a | 2009-11-20 16:08:53 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 217 | int sysfs_getattr(struct vfsmount *mnt, struct dentry *dentry, struct kstat *stat); |
David P. Quigley | ddd29ec | 2009-09-09 14:25:37 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 218 | int sysfs_setxattr(struct dentry *dentry, const char *name, const void *value, |
| 219 | size_t size, int flags); |
Eric W. Biederman | 3ff195b | 2010-03-30 11:31:26 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 220 | int sysfs_hash_and_remove(struct sysfs_dirent *dir_sd, const void *ns, const char *name); |
Peter Zijlstra | e0bf68d | 2007-10-16 23:25:46 -0700 | [diff] [blame] | 221 | int sysfs_inode_init(void); |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 222 | |
| 223 | /* |
| 224 | * file.c |
| 225 | */ |
| 226 | extern const struct file_operations sysfs_file_operations; |
| 227 | |
| 228 | int sysfs_add_file(struct sysfs_dirent *dir_sd, |
| 229 | const struct attribute *attr, int type); |
| 230 | |
James Bottomley | 0f42389 | 2008-03-20 20:47:52 -0500 | [diff] [blame] | 231 | int sysfs_add_file_mode(struct sysfs_dirent *dir_sd, |
Al Viro | faef2b6 | 2011-07-24 23:44:53 -0400 | [diff] [blame] | 232 | const struct attribute *attr, int type, umode_t amode); |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 233 | /* |
| 234 | * bin.c |
| 235 | */ |
| 236 | extern const struct file_operations bin_fops; |
Eric W. Biederman | e0edd3c | 2009-03-04 11:57:20 -0800 | [diff] [blame] | 237 | void unmap_bin_file(struct sysfs_dirent *attr_sd); |
Tejun Heo | 59f6901 | 2007-09-20 16:05:10 +0900 | [diff] [blame] | 238 | |
| 239 | /* |
| 240 | * symlink.c |
| 241 | */ |
| 242 | extern const struct inode_operations sysfs_symlink_inode_operations; |