| <html lang="en"> |
| <head> |
| <title>CRIS-Opts - Using as</title> |
| <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html"> |
| <meta name="description" content="Using as"> |
| <meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.13"> |
| <link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top"> |
| <link rel="up" href="CRIS_002dDependent.html#CRIS_002dDependent" title="CRIS-Dependent"> |
| <link rel="next" href="CRIS_002dExpand.html#CRIS_002dExpand" title="CRIS-Expand"> |
| <link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/" rel="generator-home" title="Texinfo Homepage"> |
| <!-- |
| This file documents the GNU Assembler "as". |
| |
| Copyright (C) 1991-2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
| |
| Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document |
| under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 |
| or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; |
| with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no |
| Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the |
| section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation License''. |
| |
| --> |
| <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css"> |
| <style type="text/css"><!-- |
| pre.display { font-family:inherit } |
| pre.format { font-family:inherit } |
| pre.smalldisplay { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller } |
| pre.smallformat { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller } |
| pre.smallexample { font-size:smaller } |
| pre.smalllisp { font-size:smaller } |
| span.sc { font-variant:small-caps } |
| span.roman { font-family:serif; font-weight:normal; } |
| span.sansserif { font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal; } |
| --></style> |
| </head> |
| <body> |
| <div class="node"> |
| <a name="CRIS-Opts"></a> |
| <a name="CRIS_002dOpts"></a> |
| <p> |
| Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="CRIS_002dExpand.html#CRIS_002dExpand">CRIS-Expand</a>, |
| Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="CRIS_002dDependent.html#CRIS_002dDependent">CRIS-Dependent</a> |
| <hr> |
| </div> |
| |
| <h4 class="subsection">9.9.1 Command-line Options</h4> |
| |
| <p><a name="index-options_002c-CRIS-879"></a><a name="index-CRIS-options-880"></a>The CRIS version of <code>as</code> has these |
| machine-dependent command-line options. |
| |
| <p><a name="index-g_t_0040option_007b_002d_002demulation_003dcriself_007d-command_002dline-option_002c-CRIS-881"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040option_007b_002d_002demulation_003dcrisaout_007d-command_002dline-option_002c-CRIS-882"></a><a name="index-CRIS-_0040option_007b_002d_002demulation_003dcriself_007d-command_002dline-option-883"></a><a name="index-CRIS-_0040option_007b_002d_002demulation_003dcrisaout_007d-command_002dline-option-884"></a> |
| The format of the generated object files can be either ELF or |
| a.out, specified by the command-line options |
| <samp><span class="option">--emulation=crisaout</span></samp> and <samp><span class="option">--emulation=criself</span></samp>. |
| The default is ELF (criself), unless <code>as</code> has been |
| configured specifically for a.out by using the configuration |
| name <code>cris-axis-aout</code>. |
| |
| <p><a name="index-g_t_0040option_007b_002d_002dunderscore_007d-command_002dline-option_002c-CRIS-885"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040option_007b_002d_002dno_002dunderscore_007d-command_002dline-option_002c-CRIS-886"></a><a name="index-CRIS-_0040option_007b_002d_002dunderscore_007d-command_002dline-option-887"></a><a name="index-CRIS-_0040option_007b_002d_002dno_002dunderscore_007d-command_002dline-option-888"></a>There are two different link-incompatible ELF object file |
| variants for CRIS, for use in environments where symbols are |
| expected to be prefixed by a leading ‘<samp><span class="samp">_</span></samp>’ character and for |
| environments without such a symbol prefix. The variant used for |
| GNU/Linux port has no symbol prefix. Which variant to produce |
| is specified by either of the options <samp><span class="option">--underscore</span></samp> and |
| <samp><span class="option">--no-underscore</span></samp>. The default is <samp><span class="option">--underscore</span></samp>. |
| Since symbols in CRIS a.out objects are expected to have a |
| ‘<samp><span class="samp">_</span></samp>’ prefix, specifying <samp><span class="option">--no-underscore</span></samp> when |
| generating a.out objects is an error. Besides the object format |
| difference, the effect of this option is to parse register names |
| differently (see <a href="crisnous.html#crisnous">crisnous</a>). The <samp><span class="option">--no-underscore</span></samp> |
| option makes a ‘<samp><span class="samp">$</span></samp>’ register prefix mandatory. |
| |
| <p><a name="index-g_t_0040option_007b_002d_002dpic_007d-command_002dline-option_002c-CRIS-889"></a><a name="index-CRIS-_0040option_007b_002d_002dpic_007d-command_002dline-option-890"></a><a name="index-Position_002dindependent-code_002c-CRIS-891"></a><a name="index-CRIS-position_002dindependent-code-892"></a>The option <samp><span class="option">--pic</span></samp> must be passed to <code>as</code> in |
| order to recognize the symbol syntax used for ELF (SVR4 PIC) |
| position-independent-code (see <a href="crispic.html#crispic">crispic</a>). This will also |
| affect expansion of instructions. The expansion with |
| <samp><span class="option">--pic</span></samp> will use PC-relative rather than (slightly |
| faster) absolute addresses in those expansions. This option is only |
| valid when generating ELF format object files. |
| |
| <p><a name="index-g_t_0040option_007b_002d_002dmarch_003d_0040var_007barchitecture_007d_007d-command_002dline-option_002c-CRIS-893"></a><a name="index-CRIS-_0040option_007b_002d_002dmarch_003d_0040var_007barchitecture_007d_007d-command_002dline-option-894"></a><a name="index-Architecture-variant-option_002c-CRIS-895"></a><a name="index-CRIS-architecture-variant-option-896"></a>The option <samp><span class="option">--march=</span><var>architecture</var></samp> |
| <a name="march_002doption"></a>specifies the recognized instruction set |
| and recognized register names. It also controls the |
| architecture type of the object file. Valid values for |
| <var>architecture</var> are: |
| <dl> |
| <dt><code>v0_v10</code><dd>All instructions and register names for any architecture variant |
| in the set v0<small class="dots">...</small>v10 are recognized. This is the |
| default if the target is configured as cris-*. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>v10</code><dd>Only instructions and register names for CRIS v10 (as found in |
| ETRAX 100 LX) are recognized. This is the default if the target |
| is configured as crisv10-*. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>v32</code><dd>Only instructions and register names for CRIS v32 (code name |
| Guinness) are recognized. This is the default if the target is |
| configured as crisv32-*. This value implies |
| <samp><span class="option">--no-mul-bug-abort</span></samp>. (A subsequent |
| <samp><span class="option">--mul-bug-abort</span></samp> will turn it back on.) |
| |
| <br><dt><code>common_v10_v32</code><dd>Only instructions with register names and addressing modes with |
| opcodes common to the v10 and v32 are recognized. |
| </dl> |
| |
| <p><a name="index-g_t_0040option_007b_002dN_007d-command_002dline-option_002c-CRIS-897"></a><a name="index-CRIS-_0040option_007b_002dN_007d-command_002dline-option-898"></a>When <samp><span class="option">-N</span></samp> is specified, <code>as</code> will emit a |
| warning when a 16-bit branch instruction is expanded into a |
| 32-bit multiple-instruction construct (see <a href="CRIS_002dExpand.html#CRIS_002dExpand">CRIS-Expand</a>). |
| |
| <p><a name="index-g_t_0040option_007b_002d_002dno_002dmul_002dbug_002dabort_007d-command_002dline-option_002c-CRIS-899"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040option_007b_002d_002dmul_002dbug_002dabort_007d-command_002dline-option_002c-CRIS-900"></a><a name="index-CRIS-_0040option_007b_002d_002dno_002dmul_002dbug_002dabort_007d-command_002dline-option-901"></a><a name="index-CRIS-_0040option_007b_002d_002dmul_002dbug_002dabort_007d-command_002dline-option-902"></a> |
| Some versions of the CRIS v10, for example in the Etrax 100 LX, |
| contain a bug that causes destabilizing memory accesses when a |
| multiply instruction is executed with certain values in the |
| first operand just before a cache-miss. When the |
| <samp><span class="option">--mul-bug-abort</span></samp> command-line option is active (the |
| default value), <code>as</code> will refuse to assemble a file |
| containing a multiply instruction at a dangerous offset, one |
| that could be the last on a cache-line, or is in a section with |
| insufficient alignment. This placement checking does not catch |
| any case where the multiply instruction is dangerously placed |
| because it is located in a delay-slot. The |
| <samp><span class="option">--mul-bug-abort</span></samp> command-line option turns off the |
| checking. |
| |
| </body></html> |
| |
