| <html lang="en"> |
| <head> |
| <title>VAX-Opts - Using as</title> |
| <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html"> |
| <meta name="description" content="Using as"> |
| <meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.13"> |
| <link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top"> |
| <link rel="up" href="Vax_002dDependent.html#Vax_002dDependent" title="Vax-Dependent"> |
| <link rel="next" href="VAX_002dfloat.html#VAX_002dfloat" title="VAX-float"> |
| <link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/" rel="generator-home" title="Texinfo Homepage"> |
| <!-- |
| This file documents the GNU Assembler "as". |
| |
| Copyright (C) 1991-2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
| |
| Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document |
| under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 |
| or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; |
| with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no |
| Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the |
| section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation License''. |
| |
| --> |
| <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css"> |
| <style type="text/css"><!-- |
| pre.display { font-family:inherit } |
| pre.format { font-family:inherit } |
| pre.smalldisplay { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller } |
| pre.smallformat { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller } |
| pre.smallexample { font-size:smaller } |
| pre.smalllisp { font-size:smaller } |
| span.sc { font-variant:small-caps } |
| span.roman { font-family:serif; font-weight:normal; } |
| span.sansserif { font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal; } |
| --></style> |
| </head> |
| <body> |
| <div class="node"> |
| <a name="VAX-Opts"></a> |
| <a name="VAX_002dOpts"></a> |
| <p> |
| Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="VAX_002dfloat.html#VAX_002dfloat">VAX-float</a>, |
| Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="Vax_002dDependent.html#Vax_002dDependent">Vax-Dependent</a> |
| <hr> |
| </div> |
| |
| <h4 class="subsection">9.50.1 VAX Command-Line Options</h4> |
| |
| <p><a name="index-command_002dline-options-ignored_002c-VAX-2478"></a><a name="index-VAX-command_002dline-options-ignored-2479"></a>The Vax version of <code>as</code> accepts any of the following options, |
| gives a warning message that the option was ignored and proceeds. |
| These options are for compatibility with scripts designed for other |
| people's assemblers. |
| |
| |
| <a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002dD_007d_002c-ignored-on-VAX-2480"></a> |
| <a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002dS_007d_002c-ignored-on-VAX-2481"></a> |
| <a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002dT_007d_002c-ignored-on-VAX-2482"></a> |
| <dl><dt><code>-D (Debug)</code><dt><code>-S (Symbol Table)</code><dt><code>-T (Token Trace)</code><dd>These are obsolete options used to debug old assemblers. |
| |
| <p><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002dd_007d_002c-VAX-option-2483"></a><br><dt><code>-d (Displacement size for JUMPs)</code><dd>This option expects a number following the ‘<samp><span class="samp">-d</span></samp>’. Like options |
| that expect filenames, the number may immediately follow the |
| ‘<samp><span class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ (old standard) or constitute the whole of the command-line |
| argument that follows ‘<samp><span class="samp">-d</span></samp>’ (<span class="sc">gnu</span> standard). |
| |
| <p><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002dV_007d_002c-redundant-on-VAX-2484"></a><br><dt><code>-V (Virtualize Interpass Temporary File)</code><dd>Some other assemblers use a temporary file. This option |
| commanded them to keep the information in active memory rather |
| than in a disk file. <code>as</code> always does this, so this |
| option is redundant. |
| |
| <p><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002dJ_007d_002c-ignored-on-VAX-2485"></a><br><dt><code>-J (JUMPify Longer Branches)</code><dd>Many 32-bit computers permit a variety of branch instructions |
| to do the same job. Some of these instructions are short (and |
| fast) but have a limited range; others are long (and slow) but |
| can branch anywhere in virtual memory. Often there are 3 |
| flavors of branch: short, medium and long. Some other |
| assemblers would emit short and medium branches, unless told by |
| this option to emit short and long branches. |
| |
| <p><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007b_002dt_007d_002c-ignored-on-VAX-2486"></a><br><dt><code>-t (Temporary File Directory)</code><dd>Some other assemblers may use a temporary file, and this option |
| takes a filename being the directory to site the temporary |
| file. Since <code>as</code> does not use a temporary disk file, this |
| option makes no difference. ‘<samp><span class="samp">-t</span></samp>’ needs exactly one |
| filename. |
| </dl> |
| |
| <p><a name="index-VMS-_0028VAX_0029-options-2487"></a><a name="index-options-for-VAX_002fVMS-2488"></a><a name="index-VAX_002fVMS-options-2489"></a><a name="index-Vax_002d11-C-compatibility-2490"></a><a name="index-symbols-with-uppercase_002c-VAX_002fVMS-2491"></a>The Vax version of the assembler accepts additional options when |
| compiled for VMS: |
| |
| |
| <a name="index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002dh_007d-option_002c-VAX_002fVMS-2492"></a> |
| <dl><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-h </span><var>n</var></samp>’<dd>External symbol or section (used for global variables) names are not |
| case sensitive on VAX/VMS and always mapped to upper case. This is |
| contrary to the C language definition which explicitly distinguishes |
| upper and lower case. To implement a standard conforming C compiler, |
| names must be changed (mapped) to preserve the case information. The |
| default mapping is to convert all lower case characters to uppercase and |
| adding an underscore followed by a 6 digit hex value, representing a 24 |
| digit binary value. The one digits in the binary value represent which |
| characters are uppercase in the original symbol name. |
| |
| <p>The ‘<samp><span class="samp">-h </span><var>n</var></samp>’ option determines how we map names. This takes |
| several values. No ‘<samp><span class="samp">-h</span></samp>’ switch at all allows case hacking as |
| described above. A value of zero (‘<samp><span class="samp">-h0</span></samp>’) implies names should be |
| upper case, and inhibits the case hack. A value of 2 (‘<samp><span class="samp">-h2</span></samp>’) |
| implies names should be all lower case, with no case hack. A value of 3 |
| (‘<samp><span class="samp">-h3</span></samp>’) implies that case should be preserved. The value 1 is |
| unused. The <code>-H</code> option directs <code>as</code> to display |
| every mapped symbol during assembly. |
| |
| <p>Symbols whose names include a dollar sign ‘<samp><span class="samp">$</span></samp>’ are exceptions to the |
| general name mapping. These symbols are normally only used to reference |
| VMS library names. Such symbols are always mapped to upper case. |
| |
| <p><a name="index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002d_002b_007d-option_002c-VAX_002fVMS-2493"></a><br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-+</span></samp>’<dd>The ‘<samp><span class="samp">-+</span></samp>’ option causes <code>as</code> to truncate any symbol |
| name larger than 31 characters. The ‘<samp><span class="samp">-+</span></samp>’ option also prevents some |
| code following the ‘<samp><span class="samp">_main</span></samp>’ symbol normally added to make the object |
| file compatible with Vax-11 "C". |
| |
| <p><a name="index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002d1_007d-option_002c-VAX_002fVMS-2494"></a><br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-1</span></samp>’<dd>This option is ignored for backward compatibility with <code>as</code> |
| version 1.x. |
| |
| <p><a name="index-g_t_0040samp_007b_002dH_007d-option_002c-VAX_002fVMS-2495"></a><br><dt>‘<samp><span class="samp">-H</span></samp>’<dd>The ‘<samp><span class="samp">-H</span></samp>’ option causes <code>as</code> to print every symbol |
| which was changed by case mapping. |
| </dl> |
| |
| </body></html> |
| |
