| <html lang="en"> |
| <head> |
| <title>Built-In Func/Proc - Debugging with GDB</title> |
| <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html"> |
| <meta name="description" content="Debugging with GDB"> |
| <meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.13"> |
| <link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top"> |
| <link rel="up" href="Modula_002d2.html#Modula_002d2" title="Modula-2"> |
| <link rel="prev" href="M2-Operators.html#M2-Operators" title="M2 Operators"> |
| <link rel="next" href="M2-Constants.html#M2-Constants" title="M2 Constants"> |
| <link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/" rel="generator-home" title="Texinfo Homepage"> |
| <!-- |
| Copyright (C) 1988-2019 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
| |
| Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document |
| under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or |
| any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the |
| Invariant Sections being ``Free Software'' and ``Free Software Needs |
| Free Documentation'', with the Front-Cover Texts being ``A GNU Manual,'' |
| and with the Back-Cover Texts as in (a) below. |
| |
| (a) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: ``You are free to copy and modify |
| this GNU Manual. Buying copies from GNU Press supports the FSF in |
| developing GNU and promoting software freedom.'' |
| --> |
| <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css"> |
| <style type="text/css"><!-- |
| pre.display { font-family:inherit } |
| pre.format { font-family:inherit } |
| pre.smalldisplay { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller } |
| pre.smallformat { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller } |
| pre.smallexample { font-size:smaller } |
| pre.smalllisp { font-size:smaller } |
| span.sc { font-variant:small-caps } |
| span.roman { font-family:serif; font-weight:normal; } |
| span.sansserif { font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal; } |
| --></style> |
| </head> |
| <body> |
| <div class="node"> |
| <a name="Built-In-Func%2fProc"></a> |
| <a name="Built_002dIn-Func_002fProc"></a> |
| <p> |
| Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="M2-Constants.html#M2-Constants">M2 Constants</a>, |
| Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="M2-Operators.html#M2-Operators">M2 Operators</a>, |
| Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="Modula_002d2.html#Modula_002d2">Modula-2</a> |
| <hr> |
| </div> |
| |
| <h5 class="subsubsection">15.4.9.2 Built-in Functions and Procedures</h5> |
| |
| <p><a name="index-Modula_002d2-built_002dins-1045"></a> |
| Modula-2 also makes available several built-in procedures and functions. |
| In describing these, the following metavariables are used: |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><var>a</var><dd>represents an <code>ARRAY</code> variable. |
| |
| <br><dt><var>c</var><dd>represents a <code>CHAR</code> constant or variable. |
| |
| <br><dt><var>i</var><dd>represents a variable or constant of integral type. |
| |
| <br><dt><var>m</var><dd>represents an identifier that belongs to a set. Generally used in the |
| same function with the metavariable <var>s</var>. The type of <var>s</var> should |
| be <code>SET OF </code><var>mtype</var> (where <var>mtype</var> is the type of <var>m</var>). |
| |
| <br><dt><var>n</var><dd>represents a variable or constant of integral or floating-point type. |
| |
| <br><dt><var>r</var><dd>represents a variable or constant of floating-point type. |
| |
| <br><dt><var>t</var><dd>represents a type. |
| |
| <br><dt><var>v</var><dd>represents a variable. |
| |
| <br><dt><var>x</var><dd>represents a variable or constant of one of many types. See the |
| explanation of the function for details. |
| </dl> |
| |
| <p>All Modula-2 built-in procedures also return a result, described below. |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><code>ABS(</code><var>n</var><code>)</code><dd>Returns the absolute value of <var>n</var>. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>CAP(</code><var>c</var><code>)</code><dd>If <var>c</var> is a lower case letter, it returns its upper case |
| equivalent, otherwise it returns its argument. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>CHR(</code><var>i</var><code>)</code><dd>Returns the character whose ordinal value is <var>i</var>. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>DEC(</code><var>v</var><code>)</code><dd>Decrements the value in the variable <var>v</var> by one. Returns the new value. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>DEC(</code><var>v</var><code>,</code><var>i</var><code>)</code><dd>Decrements the value in the variable <var>v</var> by <var>i</var>. Returns the |
| new value. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>EXCL(</code><var>m</var><code>,</code><var>s</var><code>)</code><dd>Removes the element <var>m</var> from the set <var>s</var>. Returns the new |
| set. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>FLOAT(</code><var>i</var><code>)</code><dd>Returns the floating point equivalent of the integer <var>i</var>. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>HIGH(</code><var>a</var><code>)</code><dd>Returns the index of the last member of <var>a</var>. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>INC(</code><var>v</var><code>)</code><dd>Increments the value in the variable <var>v</var> by one. Returns the new value. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>INC(</code><var>v</var><code>,</code><var>i</var><code>)</code><dd>Increments the value in the variable <var>v</var> by <var>i</var>. Returns the |
| new value. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>INCL(</code><var>m</var><code>,</code><var>s</var><code>)</code><dd>Adds the element <var>m</var> to the set <var>s</var> if it is not already |
| there. Returns the new set. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>MAX(</code><var>t</var><code>)</code><dd>Returns the maximum value of the type <var>t</var>. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>MIN(</code><var>t</var><code>)</code><dd>Returns the minimum value of the type <var>t</var>. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>ODD(</code><var>i</var><code>)</code><dd>Returns boolean TRUE if <var>i</var> is an odd number. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>ORD(</code><var>x</var><code>)</code><dd>Returns the ordinal value of its argument. For example, the ordinal |
| value of a character is its <span class="sc">ascii</span> value (on machines supporting |
| the <span class="sc">ascii</span> character set). The argument <var>x</var> must be of an |
| ordered type, which include integral, character and enumerated types. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>SIZE(</code><var>x</var><code>)</code><dd>Returns the size of its argument. The argument <var>x</var> can be a |
| variable or a type. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>TRUNC(</code><var>r</var><code>)</code><dd>Returns the integral part of <var>r</var>. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>TSIZE(</code><var>x</var><code>)</code><dd>Returns the size of its argument. The argument <var>x</var> can be a |
| variable or a type. |
| |
| <br><dt><code>VAL(</code><var>t</var><code>,</code><var>i</var><code>)</code><dd>Returns the member of the type <var>t</var> whose ordinal value is <var>i</var>. |
| </dl> |
| |
| <blockquote> |
| <em>Warning:</em> Sets and their operations are not yet supported, so |
| <span class="sc">gdb</span> treats the use of procedures <code>INCL</code> and <code>EXCL</code> as |
| an error. |
| </blockquote> |
| |
| <p><a name="index-Modula_002d2-constants-1046"></a> |
| |
| </body></html> |
| |
