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| <a name="addr2line-1"></a> |
| <h2 class="chapter">10 addr2line</h2> |
| |
| <a name="index-addr2line"></a> |
| <a name="index-address-to-file-name-and-line-number"></a> |
| |
| |
| <div class="smallexample"> |
| <pre class="smallexample">addr2line [<samp>-a</samp>|<samp>--addresses</samp>] |
| [<samp>-b</samp> <var>bfdname</var>|<samp>--target=</samp><var>bfdname</var>] |
| [<samp>-C</samp>|<samp>--demangle</samp>[=<var>style</var>]] |
| [<samp>-e</samp> <var>filename</var>|<samp>--exe=</samp><var>filename</var>] |
| [<samp>-f</samp>|<samp>--functions</samp>] [<samp>-s</samp>|<samp>--basename</samp>] |
| [<samp>-i</samp>|<samp>--inlines</samp>] |
| [<samp>-p</samp>|<samp>--pretty-print</samp>] |
| [<samp>-j</samp>|<samp>--section=</samp><var>name</var>] |
| [<samp>-H</samp>|<samp>--help</samp>] [<samp>-V</samp>|<samp>--version</samp>] |
| [addr addr …] |
| </pre></div> |
| |
| |
| <p><code>addr2line</code> translates addresses into file names and line numbers. |
| Given an address in an executable or an offset in a section of a relocatable |
| object, it uses the debugging information to figure out which file name and |
| line number are associated with it. |
| </p> |
| <p>The executable or relocatable object to use is specified with the <samp>-e</samp> |
| option. The default is the file <samp>a.out</samp>. The section in the relocatable |
| object to use is specified with the <samp>-j</samp> option. |
| </p> |
| <p><code>addr2line</code> has two modes of operation. |
| </p> |
| <p>In the first, hexadecimal addresses are specified on the command line, |
| and <code>addr2line</code> displays the file name and line number for each |
| address. |
| </p> |
| <p>In the second, <code>addr2line</code> reads hexadecimal addresses from |
| standard input, and prints the file name and line number for each |
| address on standard output. In this mode, <code>addr2line</code> may be used |
| in a pipe to convert dynamically chosen addresses. |
| </p> |
| <p>The format of the output is ‘<samp>FILENAME:LINENO</samp>’. By default |
| each input address generates one line of output. |
| </p> |
| <p>Two options can generate additional lines before each |
| ‘<samp>FILENAME:LINENO</samp>’ line (in that order). |
| </p> |
| <p>If the <samp>-a</samp> option is used then a line with the input address |
| is displayed. |
| </p> |
| <p>If the <samp>-f</samp> option is used, then a line with the |
| ‘<samp>FUNCTIONNAME</samp>’ is displayed. This is the name of the function |
| containing the address. |
| </p> |
| <p>One option can generate additional lines after the |
| ‘<samp>FILENAME:LINENO</samp>’ line. |
| </p> |
| <p>If the <samp>-i</samp> option is used and the code at the given address is |
| present there because of inlining by the compiler then additional |
| lines are displayed afterwards. One or two extra lines (if the |
| <samp>-f</samp> option is used) are displayed for each inlined function. |
| </p> |
| <p>Alternatively if the <samp>-p</samp> option is used then each input |
| address generates a single, long, output line containing the address, |
| the function name, the file name and the line number. If the |
| <samp>-i</samp> option has also been used then any inlined functions will |
| be displayed in the same manner, but on separate lines, and prefixed |
| by the text ‘<samp>(inlined by)</samp>’. |
| </p> |
| <p>If the file name or function name can not be determined, |
| <code>addr2line</code> will print two question marks in their place. If the |
| line number can not be determined, <code>addr2line</code> will print 0. |
| </p> |
| |
| |
| <p>The long and short forms of options, shown here as alternatives, are |
| equivalent. |
| </p> |
| <dl compact="compact"> |
| <dt><code>-a</code></dt> |
| <dt><code>--addresses</code></dt> |
| <dd><p>Display the address before the function name, file and line number |
| information. The address is printed with a ‘<samp>0x</samp>’ prefix to easily |
| identify it. |
| </p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>-b <var>bfdname</var></code></dt> |
| <dt><code>--target=<var>bfdname</var></code></dt> |
| <dd><a name="index-object-code-format-4"></a> |
| <p>Specify that the object-code format for the object files is |
| <var>bfdname</var>. |
| </p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>-C</code></dt> |
| <dt><code>--demangle[=<var>style</var>]</code></dt> |
| <dd><a name="index-demangling-in-objdump-1"></a> |
| <p>Decode (<em>demangle</em>) low-level symbol names into user-level names. |
| Besides removing any initial underscore prepended by the system, this |
| makes C++ function names readable. Different compilers have different |
| mangling styles. The optional demangling style argument can be used to |
| choose an appropriate demangling style for your compiler. See <a href="c_002b_002bfilt.html#c_002b_002bfilt">c++filt</a>, |
| for more information on demangling. |
| </p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>-e <var>filename</var></code></dt> |
| <dt><code>--exe=<var>filename</var></code></dt> |
| <dd><p>Specify the name of the executable for which addresses should be |
| translated. The default file is <samp>a.out</samp>. |
| </p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>-f</code></dt> |
| <dt><code>--functions</code></dt> |
| <dd><p>Display function names as well as file and line number information. |
| </p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>-s</code></dt> |
| <dt><code>--basenames</code></dt> |
| <dd><p>Display only the base of each file name. |
| </p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>-i</code></dt> |
| <dt><code>--inlines</code></dt> |
| <dd><p>If the address belongs to a function that was inlined, the source |
| information for all enclosing scopes back to the first non-inlined |
| function will also be printed. For example, if <code>main</code> inlines |
| <code>callee1</code> which inlines <code>callee2</code>, and address is from |
| <code>callee2</code>, the source information for <code>callee1</code> and <code>main</code> |
| will also be printed. |
| </p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>-j</code></dt> |
| <dt><code>--section</code></dt> |
| <dd><p>Read offsets relative to the specified section instead of absolute addresses. |
| </p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>-p</code></dt> |
| <dt><code>--pretty-print</code></dt> |
| <dd><p>Make the output more human friendly: each location are printed on one line. |
| If option <samp>-i</samp> is specified, lines for all enclosing scopes are |
| prefixed with ‘<samp>(inlined by)</samp>’. |
| </p></dd> |
| </dl> |
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