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 <a name="M32C_002dModifiers"></a>
 <div class="header">
 <p>
 Next: <a href="M32C_002dChars.html#M32C_002dChars" accesskey="n" rel="next">M32C-Chars</a>, Up: <a href="M32C_002dSyntax.html#M32C_002dSyntax" accesskey="u" rel="up">M32C-Syntax</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="AS-Index.html#AS-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <a name="Symbolic-Operand-Modifiers"></a>
 <h4 class="subsubsection">9.21.2.1 Symbolic Operand Modifiers</h4>

 <a name="index-M32C-modifiers"></a>
 <a name="index-modifiers_002c-M32C"></a>

 <p>The assembler supports several modifiers when using symbol addresses
 in M32C instruction operands.  The general syntax is the following:
 </p>
 <div class="smallexample">
 <pre class="smallexample">%modifier(symbol)
 </pre></div>

 <dl compact="compact">
 <dd><a name="index-symbol-modifiers-2"></a>

 </dd>
 <dt><code>%dsp8</code></dt>
 <dt><code>%dsp16</code></dt>
 <dd>
 <p>These modifiers override the assembler&rsquo;s assumptions about how big a
 symbol&rsquo;s address is.  Normally, when it sees an operand like
 &lsquo;<samp>sym[a0]</samp>&rsquo; it assumes &lsquo;<samp>sym</samp>&rsquo; may require the widest
 displacement field (16 bits for &lsquo;<samp>-m16c</samp>&rsquo;, 24 bits for
 &lsquo;<samp>-m32c</samp>&rsquo;).  These modifiers tell it to assume the address will fit
 in an 8 or 16 bit (respectively) unsigned displacement.  Note that, of
 course, if it doesn&rsquo;t actually fit you will get linker errors.  Example:
 </p>
 <div class="smallexample">
 <pre class="smallexample">mov.w %dsp8(sym)[a0],r1
 mov.b #0,%dsp8(sym)[a0]
 </pre></div>

 </dd>
 <dt><code>%hi8</code></dt>
 <dd>
 <p>This modifier allows you to load bits 16 through 23 of a 24 bit
 address into an 8 bit register.  This is useful with, for example, the
 M16C &lsquo;<samp>smovf</samp>&rsquo; instruction, which expects a 20 bit address in
 &lsquo;<samp>r1h</samp>&rsquo; and &lsquo;<samp>a0</samp>&rsquo;.  Example:
 </p>
 <div class="smallexample">
 <pre class="smallexample">mov.b #%hi8(sym),r1h
 mov.w #%lo16(sym),a0
 smovf.b
 </pre></div>

 </dd>
 <dt><code>%lo16</code></dt>
 <dd>
 <p>Likewise, this modifier allows you to load bits 0 through 15 of a 24
 bit address into a 16 bit register.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt><code>%hi16</code></dt>
 <dd>
 <p>This modifier allows you to load bits 16 through 31 of a 32 bit
 address into a 16 bit register.  While the M32C family only has 24
 bits of address space, it does support addresses in pairs of 16 bit
 registers (like &lsquo;<samp>a1a0</samp>&rsquo; for the &lsquo;<samp>lde</samp>&rsquo; instruction).  This
 modifier is for loading the upper half in such cases.  Example:
 </p>
 <div class="smallexample">
 <pre class="smallexample">mov.w #%hi16(sym),a1
 mov.w #%lo16(sym),a0
 &hellip;
 lde.w [a1a0],r1
 </pre></div>

 </dd>
 </dl>

 <hr>
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 Next: <a href="M32C_002dChars.html#M32C_002dChars" accesskey="n" rel="next">M32C-Chars</a>, Up: <a href="M32C_002dSyntax.html#M32C_002dSyntax" accesskey="u" rel="up">M32C-Syntax</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="AS-Index.html#AS-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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	<a name="M32C_002dModifiers"></a>
	<div class="header">
	<p>
	Next: <a href="M32C_002dChars.html#M32C_002dChars" accesskey="n" rel="next">M32C-Chars</a>, Up: <a href="M32C_002dSyntax.html#M32C_002dSyntax" accesskey="u" rel="up">M32C-Syntax</a>   [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="AS-Index.html#AS-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
	</div>
	<hr>
	<a name="Symbolic-Operand-Modifiers"></a>
	<h4 class="subsubsection">9.21.2.1 Symbolic Operand Modifiers</h4>

	<a name="index-M32C-modifiers"></a>
	<a name="index-modifiers_002c-M32C"></a>

	<p>The assembler supports several modifiers when using symbol addresses
	in M32C instruction operands. The general syntax is the following:
	</p>
	<div class="smallexample">
	<pre class="smallexample">%modifier(symbol)
	</pre></div>

	<dl compact="compact">
	<dd><a name="index-symbol-modifiers-2"></a>

	</dd>
	<dt><code>%dsp8</code></dt>
	<dt><code>%dsp16</code></dt>
	<dd>
	<p>These modifiers override the assembler’s assumptions about how big a
	symbol’s address is. Normally, when it sees an operand like
	‘<samp>sym[a0]</samp>’ it assumes ‘<samp>sym</samp>’ may require the widest
	displacement field (16 bits for ‘<samp>-m16c</samp>’, 24 bits for
	‘<samp>-m32c</samp>’). These modifiers tell it to assume the address will fit
	in an 8 or 16 bit (respectively) unsigned displacement. Note that, of
	course, if it doesn’t actually fit you will get linker errors. Example:
	</p>
	<div class="smallexample">
	<pre class="smallexample">mov.w %dsp8(sym)[a0],r1
	mov.b #0,%dsp8(sym)[a0]
	</pre></div>

	</dd>
	<dt><code>%hi8</code></dt>
	<dd>
	<p>This modifier allows you to load bits 16 through 23 of a 24 bit
	address into an 8 bit register. This is useful with, for example, the
	M16C ‘<samp>smovf</samp>’ instruction, which expects a 20 bit address in
	‘<samp>r1h</samp>’ and ‘<samp>a0</samp>’. Example:
	</p>
	<div class="smallexample">
	<pre class="smallexample">mov.b #%hi8(sym),r1h
	mov.w #%lo16(sym),a0
	smovf.b
	</pre></div>

	</dd>
	<dt><code>%lo16</code></dt>
	<dd>
	<p>Likewise, this modifier allows you to load bits 0 through 15 of a 24
	bit address into a 16 bit register.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt><code>%hi16</code></dt>
	<dd>
	<p>This modifier allows you to load bits 16 through 31 of a 32 bit
	address into a 16 bit register. While the M32C family only has 24
	bits of address space, it does support addresses in pairs of 16 bit
	registers (like ‘<samp>a1a0</samp>’ for the ‘<samp>lde</samp>’ instruction). This
	modifier is for loading the upper half in such cases. Example:
	</p>
	<div class="smallexample">
	<pre class="smallexample">mov.w #%hi16(sym),a1
	mov.w #%lo16(sym),a0
	…
	lde.w [a1a0],r1
	</pre></div>

	</dd>
	</dl>

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	Next: <a href="M32C_002dChars.html#M32C_002dChars" accesskey="n" rel="next">M32C-Chars</a>, Up: <a href="M32C_002dSyntax.html#M32C_002dSyntax" accesskey="u" rel="up">M32C-Syntax</a>   [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="AS-Index.html#AS-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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