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| <title>Using as: Nios II Relocations</title> |
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| <a name="Nios-II-Relocations"></a> |
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| <a name="Nios-II-Machine-Relocations"></a> |
| <h4 class="subsection">9.30.3 Nios II Machine Relocations</h4> |
| |
| <a name="index-machine-relocations_002c-Nios-II"></a> |
| <a name="index-Nios-II-machine-relocations"></a> |
| |
| <dl compact="compact"> |
| <dd><a name="index-hiadj-directive_002c-Nios-II"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>%hiadj(<var>expression</var>)</code></dt> |
| <dd><p>Extract the upper 16 bits of <var>expression</var> and add |
| one if the 15th bit is set. |
| </p> |
| <p>The value of <code>%hiadj(<var>expression</var>)</code> is: |
| </p><div class="smallexample"> |
| <pre class="smallexample">((<var>expression</var> >> 16) & 0xffff) + ((<var>expression</var> >> 15) & 0x01) |
| </pre></div> |
| |
| <p>The <code>%hiadj</code> relocation is intended to be used with |
| the <code>addi</code>, <code>ld</code> or <code>st</code> instructions |
| along with a <code>%lo</code>, in order to load a 32-bit constant. |
| </p> |
| <div class="smallexample"> |
| <pre class="smallexample">movhi r2, %hiadj(symbol) |
| addi r2, r2, %lo(symbol) |
| </pre></div> |
| |
| <a name="index-hi-directive_002c-Nios-II"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>%hi(<var>expression</var>)</code></dt> |
| <dd><p>Extract the upper 16 bits of <var>expression</var>. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-lo-directive_002c-Nios-II"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>%lo(<var>expression</var>)</code></dt> |
| <dd><p>Extract the lower 16 bits of <var>expression</var>. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-gprel-directive_002c-Nios-II"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>%gprel(<var>expression</var>)</code></dt> |
| <dd><p>Subtract the value of the symbol <code>_gp</code> from |
| <var>expression</var>. |
| </p> |
| <p>The intention of the <code>%gprel</code> relocation is |
| to have a fast small area of memory which only |
| takes a 16-bit immediate to access. |
| </p> |
| <div class="smallexample"> |
| <pre class="smallexample"> .section .sdata |
| fastint: |
| .int 123 |
| .section .text |
| ldw r4, %gprel(fastint)(gp) |
| </pre></div> |
| |
| <a name="index-call-directive_002c-Nios-II"></a> |
| <a name="index-got-directive_002c-Nios-II"></a> |
| <a name="index-gotoff-directive_002c-Nios-II"></a> |
| <a name="index-gotoff_005flo-directive_002c-Nios-II"></a> |
| <a name="index-gotoff_005fhiadj-directive_002c-Nios-II"></a> |
| <a name="index-tls_005fgd-directive_002c-Nios-II"></a> |
| <a name="index-tls_005fie-directive_002c-Nios-II"></a> |
| <a name="index-tls_005fle-directive_002c-Nios-II"></a> |
| <a name="index-tls_005fldm-directive_002c-Nios-II"></a> |
| <a name="index-tls_005fldo-directive_002c-Nios-II"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>%call(<var>expression</var>)</code></dt> |
| <dt><code>%got(<var>expression</var>)</code></dt> |
| <dt><code>%gotoff(<var>expression</var>)</code></dt> |
| <dt><code>%gotoff_lo(<var>expression</var>)</code></dt> |
| <dt><code>%gotoff_hiadj(<var>expression</var>)</code></dt> |
| <dt><code>%tls_gd(<var>expression</var>)</code></dt> |
| <dt><code>%tls_ie(<var>expression</var>)</code></dt> |
| <dt><code>%tls_le(<var>expression</var>)</code></dt> |
| <dt><code>%tls_ldm(<var>expression</var>)</code></dt> |
| <dt><code>%tls_ldo(<var>expression</var>)</code></dt> |
| <dd> |
| <p>These relocations support the ABI for Linux Systems documented in the |
| <cite>Nios II Processor Reference Handbook</cite>. |
| </p></dd> |
| </dl> |
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