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| <title>Installing GCC</title> |
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| <h1 class="settitle" align="center">Installing GCC</h1> |
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| <h1 align="center">Old installation documentation</h1> |
| <p>Note most of this information is out of date and superseded by the |
| previous chapters of this manual. It is provided for historical |
| reference only, because of a lack of volunteers to merge it into the |
| main manual. |
| </p> |
| |
| <p>Here is the procedure for installing GCC on a GNU or Unix system. |
| </p> |
| <ol> |
| <li> If you have chosen a configuration for GCC which requires other GNU |
| tools (such as GAS or the GNU linker) instead of the standard system |
| tools, install the required tools in the build directory under the names |
| <samp>as</samp>, <samp>ld</samp> or whatever is appropriate. |
| |
| <p>Alternatively, you can do subsequent compilation using a value of the |
| <code>PATH</code> environment variable such that the necessary GNU tools come |
| before the standard system tools. |
| </p> |
| </li><li> Specify the host, build and target machine configurations. You do this |
| when you run the <samp>configure</samp> script. |
| |
| <p>The <em>build</em> machine is the system which you are using, the |
| <em>host</em> machine is the system where you want to run the resulting |
| compiler (normally the build machine), and the <em>target</em> machine is |
| the system for which you want the compiler to generate code. |
| </p> |
| <p>If you are building a compiler to produce code for the machine it runs |
| on (a native compiler), you normally do not need to specify any operands |
| to <samp>configure</samp>; it will try to guess the type of machine you are on |
| and use that as the build, host and target machines. So you don’t need |
| to specify a configuration when building a native compiler unless |
| <samp>configure</samp> cannot figure out what your configuration is or guesses |
| wrong. |
| </p> |
| <p>In those cases, specify the build machine’s <em>configuration name</em> |
| with the <samp>--host</samp> option; the host and target will default to be |
| the same as the host machine. |
| </p> |
| <p>Here is an example: |
| </p> |
| <div class="smallexample"> |
| <pre class="smallexample">./configure --host=sparc-sun-sunos4.1 |
| </pre></div> |
| |
| <p>A configuration name may be canonical or it may be more or less |
| abbreviated. |
| </p> |
| <p>A canonical configuration name has three parts, separated by dashes. |
| It looks like this: ‘<samp><var>cpu</var>-<var>company</var>-<var>system</var></samp>’. |
| (The three parts may themselves contain dashes; <samp>configure</samp> |
| can figure out which dashes serve which purpose.) For example, |
| ‘<samp>m68k-sun-sunos4.1</samp>’ specifies a Sun 3. |
| </p> |
| <p>You can also replace parts of the configuration by nicknames or aliases. |
| For example, ‘<samp>sun3</samp>’ stands for ‘<samp>m68k-sun</samp>’, so |
| ‘<samp>sun3-sunos4.1</samp>’ is another way to specify a Sun 3. |
| </p> |
| <p>You can specify a version number after any of the system types, and some |
| of the CPU types. In most cases, the version is irrelevant, and will be |
| ignored. So you might as well specify the version if you know it. |
| </p> |
| <p>See <a href="#Configurations">Configurations</a>, for a list of supported configuration names and |
| notes on many of the configurations. You should check the notes in that |
| section before proceeding any further with the installation of GCC. |
| </p> |
| </li></ol> |
| |
| <h2><a name="Configurations"></a>Configurations Supported by GCC</h2><a name="index-configurations-supported-by-GCC"></a> |
| |
| <p>Here are the possible CPU types: |
| </p> |
| <blockquote> |
| <p>1750a, a29k, alpha, arm, avr, c<var>n</var>, clipper, dsp16xx, elxsi, fr30, h8300, |
| hppa1.0, hppa1.1, i370, i386, i486, i586, i686, i786, i860, i960, ip2k, m32r, |
| m68000, m68k, m88k, mcore, mips, mipsel, mips64, mips64el, |
| mn10200, mn10300, ns32k, pdp11, powerpc, powerpcle, romp, rs6000, sh, sparc, |
| sparclite, sparc64, v850, vax, we32k. |
| </p></blockquote> |
| |
| <p>Here are the recognized company names. As you can see, customary |
| abbreviations are used rather than the longer official names. |
| </p> |
| <blockquote> |
| <p>acorn, alliant, altos, apollo, apple, att, bull, |
| cbm, convergent, convex, crds, dec, dg, dolphin, |
| elxsi, encore, harris, hitachi, hp, ibm, intergraph, isi, |
| mips, motorola, ncr, next, ns, omron, plexus, |
| sequent, sgi, sony, sun, tti, unicom, wrs. |
| </p></blockquote> |
| |
| <p>The company name is meaningful only to disambiguate when the rest of |
| the information supplied is insufficient. You can omit it, writing |
| just ‘<samp><var>cpu</var>-<var>system</var></samp>’, if it is not needed. For example, |
| ‘<samp>vax-ultrix4.2</samp>’ is equivalent to ‘<samp>vax-dec-ultrix4.2</samp>’. |
| </p> |
| <p>Here is a list of system types: |
| </p> |
| <blockquote> |
| <p>386bsd, aix, acis, amigaos, aos, aout, aux, bosx, bsd, clix, coff, ctix, cxux, |
| dgux, dynix, ebmon, ecoff, elf, esix, freebsd, hms, genix, gnu, linux, |
| linux-gnu, hiux, hpux, iris, irix, isc, luna, lynxos, mach, minix, msdos, mvs, |
| netbsd, newsos, nindy, ns, osf, osfrose, ptx, riscix, riscos, rtu, sco, sim, |
| solaris, sunos, sym, sysv, udi, ultrix, unicos, uniplus, unos, vms, vsta, |
| vxworks, winnt, xenix. |
| </p></blockquote> |
| |
| <p>You can omit the system type; then <samp>configure</samp> guesses the |
| operating system from the CPU and company. |
| </p> |
| <p>You can add a version number to the system type; this may or may not |
| make a difference. For example, you can write ‘<samp>bsd4.3</samp>’ or |
| ‘<samp>bsd4.4</samp>’ to distinguish versions of BSD. In practice, the version |
| number is most needed for ‘<samp>sysv3</samp>’ and ‘<samp>sysv4</samp>’, which are often |
| treated differently. |
| </p> |
| <p>‘<samp>linux-gnu</samp>’ is the canonical name for the GNU/Linux target; however |
| GCC will also accept ‘<samp>linux</samp>’. The version of the kernel in use is |
| not relevant on these systems. A suffix such as ‘<samp>libc1</samp>’ or ‘<samp>aout</samp>’ |
| distinguishes major versions of the C library; all of the suffixed versions |
| are obsolete. |
| </p> |
| <p>If you specify an impossible combination such as ‘<samp>i860-dg-vms</samp>’, |
| then you may get an error message from <samp>configure</samp>, or it may |
| ignore part of the information and do the best it can with the rest. |
| <samp>configure</samp> always prints the canonical name for the alternative |
| that it used. GCC does not support all possible alternatives. |
| </p> |
| <p>Often a particular model of machine has a name. Many machine names are |
| recognized as aliases for CPU/company combinations. Thus, the machine |
| name ‘<samp>sun3</samp>’, mentioned above, is an alias for ‘<samp>m68k-sun</samp>’. |
| Sometimes we accept a company name as a machine name, when the name is |
| popularly used for a particular machine. Here is a table of the known |
| machine names: |
| </p> |
| <blockquote> |
| <p>3300, 3b1, 3b<var>n</var>, 7300, altos3068, altos, |
| apollo68, att-7300, balance, |
| convex-c<var>n</var>, crds, decstation-3100, |
| decstation, delta, encore, |
| fx2800, gmicro, hp7<var>nn</var>, hp8<var>nn</var>, |
| hp9k2<var>nn</var>, hp9k3<var>nn</var>, hp9k7<var>nn</var>, |
| hp9k8<var>nn</var>, iris4d, iris, isi68, |
| m3230, magnum, merlin, miniframe, |
| mmax, news-3600, news800, news, next, |
| pbd, pc532, pmax, powerpc, powerpcle, ps2, risc-news, |
| rtpc, sun2, sun386i, sun386, sun3, |
| sun4, symmetry, tower-32, tower. |
| </p></blockquote> |
| |
| <p>Remember that a machine name specifies both the cpu type and the company |
| name. |
| <hr /> |
| <p><a href="./index.html">Return to the GCC Installation page</a> |
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