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 <a name="Dump_002fRestore-Files"></a>
 <div class="header">
 <p>
 Next: <a href="Core-File-Generation.html#Core-File-Generation" accesskey="n" rel="next">Core File Generation</a>, Previous: <a href="Memory-Region-Attributes.html#Memory-Region-Attributes" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Memory Region Attributes</a>, Up: <a href="Data.html#Data" accesskey="u" rel="up">Data</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Concept-Index.html#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <a name="Copy-Between-Memory-and-a-File"></a>
 <h3 class="section">10.18 Copy Between Memory and a File</h3>
 <a name="index-dump_002frestore-files"></a>
 <a name="index-append-data-to-a-file"></a>
 <a name="index-dump-data-to-a-file"></a>
 <a name="index-restore-data-from-a-file"></a>

 <p>You can use the commands <code>dump</code>, <code>append</code>, and
 <code>restore</code> to copy data between target memory and a file.  The
 <code>dump</code> and <code>append</code> commands write data to a file, and the
 <code>restore</code> command reads data from a file back into the inferior&rsquo;s
 memory.  Files may be in binary, Motorola S-record, Intel hex,
 Tektronix Hex, or Verilog Hex format; however, <small>GDB</small> can only
 append to binary files, and cannot read from Verilog Hex files.
 </p>
 <dl compact="compact">
 <dd>
 <a name="index-dump"></a>
 </dd>
 <dt><code>dump <span class="roman">[</span><var>format</var><span class="roman">]</span> memory <var>filename</var> <var>start_addr</var> <var>end_addr</var></code></dt>
 <dt><code>dump <span class="roman">[</span><var>format</var><span class="roman">]</span> value <var>filename</var> <var>expr</var></code></dt>
 <dd><p>Dump the contents of memory from <var>start_addr</var> to <var>end_addr</var>,
 or the value of <var>expr</var>, to <var>filename</var> in the given format.
 </p>
 <p>The <var>format</var> parameter may be any one of:
 </p><dl compact="compact">
 <dt><code>binary</code></dt>
 <dd><p>Raw binary form.
 </p></dd>
 <dt><code>ihex</code></dt>
 <dd><p>Intel hex format.
 </p></dd>
 <dt><code>srec</code></dt>
 <dd><p>Motorola S-record format.
 </p></dd>
 <dt><code>tekhex</code></dt>
 <dd><p>Tektronix Hex format.
 </p></dd>
 <dt><code>verilog</code></dt>
 <dd><p>Verilog Hex format.
 </p></dd>
 </dl>

 <p><small>GDB</small> uses the same definitions of these formats as the
 <small>GNU</small> binary utilities, like &lsquo;<samp>objdump</samp>&rsquo; and &lsquo;<samp>objcopy</samp>&rsquo;.  If
 <var>format</var> is omitted, <small>GDB</small> dumps the data in raw binary
 form.
 </p>
 <a name="index-append"></a>
 </dd>
 <dt><code>append <span class="roman">[</span>binary<span class="roman">]</span> memory <var>filename</var> <var>start_addr</var> <var>end_addr</var></code></dt>
 <dt><code>append <span class="roman">[</span>binary<span class="roman">]</span> value <var>filename</var> <var>expr</var></code></dt>
 <dd><p>Append the contents of memory from <var>start_addr</var> to <var>end_addr</var>,
 or the value of <var>expr</var>, to the file <var>filename</var>, in raw binary form.
 (<small>GDB</small> can only append data to files in raw binary form.)
 </p>
 <a name="index-restore"></a>
 </dd>
 <dt><code>restore <var>filename</var> <span class="roman">[</span>binary<span class="roman">]</span> <var>bias</var> <var>start</var> <var>end</var></code></dt>
 <dd><p>Restore the contents of file <var>filename</var> into memory.  The
 <code>restore</code> command can automatically recognize any known <small>BFD</small>
 file format, except for raw binary.  To restore a raw binary file you
 must specify the optional keyword <code>binary</code> after the filename.
 </p>
 <p>If <var>bias</var> is non-zero, its value will be added to the addresses
 contained in the file.  Binary files always start at address zero, so
 they will be restored at address <var>bias</var>.  Other bfd files have
 a built-in location; they will be restored at offset <var>bias</var>
 from that location.
 </p>
 <p>If <var>start</var> and/or <var>end</var> are non-zero, then only data between
 file offset <var>start</var> and file offset <var>end</var> will be restored.
 These offsets are relative to the addresses in the file, before
 the <var>bias</var> argument is applied.
 </p>
 </dd>
 </dl>

 <hr>
 <div class="header">
 <p>
 Next: <a href="Core-File-Generation.html#Core-File-Generation" accesskey="n" rel="next">Core File Generation</a>, Previous: <a href="Memory-Region-Attributes.html#Memory-Region-Attributes" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Memory Region Attributes</a>, Up: <a href="Data.html#Data" accesskey="u" rel="up">Data</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Concept-Index.html#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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	<body lang="en" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#800080" alink="#FF0000">
	<a name="Dump_002fRestore-Files"></a>
	<div class="header">
	<p>
	Next: <a href="Core-File-Generation.html#Core-File-Generation" accesskey="n" rel="next">Core File Generation</a>, Previous: <a href="Memory-Region-Attributes.html#Memory-Region-Attributes" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Memory Region Attributes</a>, Up: <a href="Data.html#Data" accesskey="u" rel="up">Data</a>   [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Concept-Index.html#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
	</div>
	<hr>
	<a name="Copy-Between-Memory-and-a-File"></a>
	<h3 class="section">10.18 Copy Between Memory and a File</h3>
	<a name="index-dump_002frestore-files"></a>
	<a name="index-append-data-to-a-file"></a>
	<a name="index-dump-data-to-a-file"></a>
	<a name="index-restore-data-from-a-file"></a>

	<p>You can use the commands <code>dump</code>, <code>append</code>, and
	<code>restore</code> to copy data between target memory and a file. The
	<code>dump</code> and <code>append</code> commands write data to a file, and the
	<code>restore</code> command reads data from a file back into the inferior’s
	memory. Files may be in binary, Motorola S-record, Intel hex,
	Tektronix Hex, or Verilog Hex format; however, <small>GDB</small> can only
	append to binary files, and cannot read from Verilog Hex files.
	</p>
	<dl compact="compact">
	<dd>
	<a name="index-dump"></a>
	</dd>
	<dt><code>dump <span class="roman">[</span><var>format</var><span class="roman">]</span> memory <var>filename</var> <var>start_addr</var> <var>end_addr</var></code></dt>
	<dt><code>dump <span class="roman">[</span><var>format</var><span class="roman">]</span> value <var>filename</var> <var>expr</var></code></dt>
	<dd><p>Dump the contents of memory from <var>start_addr</var> to <var>end_addr</var>,
	or the value of <var>expr</var>, to <var>filename</var> in the given format.
	</p>
	<p>The <var>format</var> parameter may be any one of:
	</p><dl compact="compact">
	<dt><code>binary</code></dt>
	<dd><p>Raw binary form.
	</p></dd>
	<dt><code>ihex</code></dt>
	<dd><p>Intel hex format.
	</p></dd>
	<dt><code>srec</code></dt>
	<dd><p>Motorola S-record format.
	</p></dd>
	<dt><code>tekhex</code></dt>
	<dd><p>Tektronix Hex format.
	</p></dd>
	<dt><code>verilog</code></dt>
	<dd><p>Verilog Hex format.
	</p></dd>
	</dl>

	<p><small>GDB</small> uses the same definitions of these formats as the
	<small>GNU</small> binary utilities, like ‘<samp>objdump</samp>’ and ‘<samp>objcopy</samp>’. If
	<var>format</var> is omitted, <small>GDB</small> dumps the data in raw binary
	form.
	</p>
	<a name="index-append"></a>
	</dd>
	<dt><code>append <span class="roman">[</span>binary<span class="roman">]</span> memory <var>filename</var> <var>start_addr</var> <var>end_addr</var></code></dt>
	<dt><code>append <span class="roman">[</span>binary<span class="roman">]</span> value <var>filename</var> <var>expr</var></code></dt>
	<dd><p>Append the contents of memory from <var>start_addr</var> to <var>end_addr</var>,
	or the value of <var>expr</var>, to the file <var>filename</var>, in raw binary form.
	(<small>GDB</small> can only append data to files in raw binary form.)
	</p>
	<a name="index-restore"></a>
	</dd>
	<dt><code>restore <var>filename</var> <span class="roman">[</span>binary<span class="roman">]</span> <var>bias</var> <var>start</var> <var>end</var></code></dt>
	<dd><p>Restore the contents of file <var>filename</var> into memory. The
	<code>restore</code> command can automatically recognize any known <small>BFD</small>
	file format, except for raw binary. To restore a raw binary file you
	must specify the optional keyword <code>binary</code> after the filename.
	</p>
	<p>If <var>bias</var> is non-zero, its value will be added to the addresses
	contained in the file. Binary files always start at address zero, so
	they will be restored at address <var>bias</var>. Other bfd files have
	a built-in location; they will be restored at offset <var>bias</var>
	from that location.
	</p>
	<p>If <var>start</var> and/or <var>end</var> are non-zero, then only data between
	file offset <var>start</var> and file offset <var>end</var> will be restored.
	These offsets are relative to the addresses in the file, before
	the <var>bias</var> argument is applied.
	</p>
	</dd>
	</dl>

	<hr>
	<div class="header">
	<p>
	Next: <a href="Core-File-Generation.html#Core-File-Generation" accesskey="n" rel="next">Core File Generation</a>, Previous: <a href="Memory-Region-Attributes.html#Memory-Region-Attributes" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Memory Region Attributes</a>, Up: <a href="Data.html#Data" accesskey="u" rel="up">Data</a>   [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Concept-Index.html#Concept-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
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