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| <hr> |
| <a name="Types-In-Python-1"></a> |
| <h4 class="subsubsection">23.2.2.4 Types In Python</h4> |
| <a name="index-types-in-Python"></a> |
| <a name="index-Python_002c-working-with-types"></a> |
| |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eType"></a> |
| <p><small>GDB</small> represents types from the inferior using the class |
| <code>gdb.Type</code>. |
| </p> |
| <p>The following type-related functions are available in the <code>gdb</code> |
| module: |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002elookup_005ftype"></a> |
| <dl> |
| <dt><a name="index-gdb_002elookup_005ftype-1"></a>Function: <strong>gdb.lookup_type</strong> <em>(name <span class="roman">[</span>, block<span class="roman">]</span>)</em></dt> |
| <dd><p>This function looks up a type by its <var>name</var>, which must be a string. |
| </p> |
| <p>If <var>block</var> is given, then <var>name</var> is looked up in that scope. |
| Otherwise, it is searched for globally. |
| </p> |
| <p>Ordinarily, this function will return an instance of <code>gdb.Type</code>. |
| If the named type cannot be found, it will throw an exception. |
| </p></dd></dl> |
| |
| <p>If the type is a structure or class type, or an enum type, the fields |
| of that type can be accessed using the Python <em>dictionary syntax</em>. |
| For example, if <code>some_type</code> is a <code>gdb.Type</code> instance holding |
| a structure type, you can access its <code>foo</code> field with: |
| </p> |
| <div class="smallexample"> |
| <pre class="smallexample">bar = some_type['foo'] |
| </pre></div> |
| |
| <p><code>bar</code> will be a <code>gdb.Field</code> object; see below under the |
| description of the <code>Type.fields</code> method for a description of the |
| <code>gdb.Field</code> class. |
| </p> |
| <p>An instance of <code>Type</code> has the following attributes: |
| </p> |
| <dl> |
| <dt><a name="index-Type_002ecode"></a>Variable: <strong>Type.code</strong></dt> |
| <dd><p>The type code for this type. The type code will be one of the |
| <code>TYPE_CODE_</code> constants defined below. |
| </p></dd></dl> |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><a name="index-Type_002ename"></a>Variable: <strong>Type.name</strong></dt> |
| <dd><p>The name of this type. If this type has no name, then <code>None</code> |
| is returned. |
| </p></dd></dl> |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><a name="index-Type_002esizeof"></a>Variable: <strong>Type.sizeof</strong></dt> |
| <dd><p>The size of this type, in target <code>char</code> units. Usually, a |
| target’s <code>char</code> type will be an 8-bit byte. However, on some |
| unusual platforms, this type may have a different size. |
| </p></dd></dl> |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><a name="index-Type_002etag"></a>Variable: <strong>Type.tag</strong></dt> |
| <dd><p>The tag name for this type. The tag name is the name after |
| <code>struct</code>, <code>union</code>, or <code>enum</code> in C and C<tt>++</tt>; not all |
| languages have this concept. If this type has no tag name, then |
| <code>None</code> is returned. |
| </p></dd></dl> |
| |
| <p>The following methods are provided: |
| </p> |
| <dl> |
| <dt><a name="index-Type_002efields"></a>Function: <strong>Type.fields</strong> <em>()</em></dt> |
| <dd><p>For structure and union types, this method returns the fields. Range |
| types have two fields, the minimum and maximum values. Enum types |
| have one field per enum constant. Function and method types have one |
| field per parameter. The base types of C<tt>++</tt> classes are also |
| represented as fields. If the type has no fields, or does not fit |
| into one of these categories, an empty sequence will be returned. |
| </p> |
| <p>Each field is a <code>gdb.Field</code> object, with some pre-defined attributes: |
| </p><dl compact="compact"> |
| <dt><code>bitpos</code></dt> |
| <dd><p>This attribute is not available for <code>enum</code> or <code>static</code> |
| (as in C<tt>++</tt> or Java) fields. The value is the position, counting |
| in bits, from the start of the containing type. |
| </p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>enumval</code></dt> |
| <dd><p>This attribute is only available for <code>enum</code> fields, and its value |
| is the enumeration member’s integer representation. |
| </p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>name</code></dt> |
| <dd><p>The name of the field, or <code>None</code> for anonymous fields. |
| </p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>artificial</code></dt> |
| <dd><p>This is <code>True</code> if the field is artificial, usually meaning that |
| it was provided by the compiler and not the user. This attribute is |
| always provided, and is <code>False</code> if the field is not artificial. |
| </p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>is_base_class</code></dt> |
| <dd><p>This is <code>True</code> if the field represents a base class of a C<tt>++</tt> |
| structure. This attribute is always provided, and is <code>False</code> |
| if the field is not a base class of the type that is the argument of |
| <code>fields</code>, or if that type was not a C<tt>++</tt> class. |
| </p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>bitsize</code></dt> |
| <dd><p>If the field is packed, or is a bitfield, then this will have a |
| non-zero value, which is the size of the field in bits. Otherwise, |
| this will be zero; in this case the field’s size is given by its type. |
| </p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>type</code></dt> |
| <dd><p>The type of the field. This is usually an instance of <code>Type</code>, |
| but it can be <code>None</code> in some situations. |
| </p> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>parent_type</code></dt> |
| <dd><p>The type which contains this field. This is an instance of |
| <code>gdb.Type</code>. |
| </p></dd> |
| </dl> |
| </dd></dl> |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><a name="index-Type_002earray"></a>Function: <strong>Type.array</strong> <em>(<var>n1</var> <span class="roman">[</span>, <var>n2</var><span class="roman">]</span>)</em></dt> |
| <dd><p>Return a new <code>gdb.Type</code> object which represents an array of this |
| type. If one argument is given, it is the inclusive upper bound of |
| the array; in this case the lower bound is zero. If two arguments are |
| given, the first argument is the lower bound of the array, and the |
| second argument is the upper bound of the array. An array’s length |
| must not be negative, but the bounds can be. |
| </p></dd></dl> |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><a name="index-Type_002evector"></a>Function: <strong>Type.vector</strong> <em>(<var>n1</var> <span class="roman">[</span>, <var>n2</var><span class="roman">]</span>)</em></dt> |
| <dd><p>Return a new <code>gdb.Type</code> object which represents a vector of this |
| type. If one argument is given, it is the inclusive upper bound of |
| the vector; in this case the lower bound is zero. If two arguments are |
| given, the first argument is the lower bound of the vector, and the |
| second argument is the upper bound of the vector. A vector’s length |
| must not be negative, but the bounds can be. |
| </p> |
| <p>The difference between an <code>array</code> and a <code>vector</code> is that |
| arrays behave like in C: when used in expressions they decay to a pointer |
| to the first element whereas vectors are treated as first class values. |
| </p></dd></dl> |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><a name="index-Type_002econst"></a>Function: <strong>Type.const</strong> <em>()</em></dt> |
| <dd><p>Return a new <code>gdb.Type</code> object which represents a |
| <code>const</code>-qualified variant of this type. |
| </p></dd></dl> |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><a name="index-Type_002evolatile"></a>Function: <strong>Type.volatile</strong> <em>()</em></dt> |
| <dd><p>Return a new <code>gdb.Type</code> object which represents a |
| <code>volatile</code>-qualified variant of this type. |
| </p></dd></dl> |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><a name="index-Type_002eunqualified"></a>Function: <strong>Type.unqualified</strong> <em>()</em></dt> |
| <dd><p>Return a new <code>gdb.Type</code> object which represents an unqualified |
| variant of this type. That is, the result is neither <code>const</code> nor |
| <code>volatile</code>. |
| </p></dd></dl> |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><a name="index-Type_002erange"></a>Function: <strong>Type.range</strong> <em>()</em></dt> |
| <dd><p>Return a Python <code>Tuple</code> object that contains two elements: the |
| low bound of the argument type and the high bound of that type. If |
| the type does not have a range, <small>GDB</small> will raise a |
| <code>gdb.error</code> exception (see <a href="Exception-Handling.html#Exception-Handling">Exception Handling</a>). |
| </p></dd></dl> |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><a name="index-Type_002ereference"></a>Function: <strong>Type.reference</strong> <em>()</em></dt> |
| <dd><p>Return a new <code>gdb.Type</code> object which represents a reference to this |
| type. |
| </p></dd></dl> |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><a name="index-Type_002epointer"></a>Function: <strong>Type.pointer</strong> <em>()</em></dt> |
| <dd><p>Return a new <code>gdb.Type</code> object which represents a pointer to this |
| type. |
| </p></dd></dl> |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><a name="index-Type_002estrip_005ftypedefs"></a>Function: <strong>Type.strip_typedefs</strong> <em>()</em></dt> |
| <dd><p>Return a new <code>gdb.Type</code> that represents the real type, |
| after removing all layers of typedefs. |
| </p></dd></dl> |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><a name="index-Type_002etarget"></a>Function: <strong>Type.target</strong> <em>()</em></dt> |
| <dd><p>Return a new <code>gdb.Type</code> object which represents the target type |
| of this type. |
| </p> |
| <p>For a pointer type, the target type is the type of the pointed-to |
| object. For an array type (meaning C-like arrays), the target type is |
| the type of the elements of the array. For a function or method type, |
| the target type is the type of the return value. For a complex type, |
| the target type is the type of the elements. For a typedef, the |
| target type is the aliased type. |
| </p> |
| <p>If the type does not have a target, this method will throw an |
| exception. |
| </p></dd></dl> |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><a name="index-Type_002etemplate_005fargument"></a>Function: <strong>Type.template_argument</strong> <em>(n <span class="roman">[</span>, block<span class="roman">]</span>)</em></dt> |
| <dd><p>If this <code>gdb.Type</code> is an instantiation of a template, this will |
| return a new <code>gdb.Value</code> or <code>gdb.Type</code> which represents the |
| value of the <var>n</var>th template argument (indexed starting at 0). |
| </p> |
| <p>If this <code>gdb.Type</code> is not a template type, or if the type has fewer |
| than <var>n</var> template arguments, this will throw an exception. |
| Ordinarily, only C<tt>++</tt> code will have template types. |
| </p> |
| <p>If <var>block</var> is given, then <var>name</var> is looked up in that scope. |
| Otherwise, it is searched for globally. |
| </p></dd></dl> |
| |
| <dl> |
| <dt><a name="index-Type_002eoptimized_005fout"></a>Function: <strong>Type.optimized_out</strong> <em>()</em></dt> |
| <dd><p>Return <code>gdb.Value</code> instance of this type whose value is optimized |
| out. This allows a frame decorator to indicate that the value of an |
| argument or a local variable is not known. |
| </p></dd></dl> |
| |
| <p>Each type has a code, which indicates what category this type falls |
| into. The available type categories are represented by constants |
| defined in the <code>gdb</code> module: |
| </p> |
| <dl compact="compact"> |
| <dd><a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fPTR"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_PTR</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fPTR"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>The type is a pointer. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fARRAY"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_ARRAY</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fARRAY"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>The type is an array. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fSTRUCT"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_STRUCT</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fSTRUCT"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>The type is a structure. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fUNION"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_UNION</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fUNION"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>The type is a union. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fENUM"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_ENUM</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fENUM"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>The type is an enum. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fFLAGS"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_FLAGS</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fFLAGS"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>A bit flags type, used for things such as status registers. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fFUNC"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_FUNC</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fFUNC"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>The type is a function. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fINT"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_INT</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fINT"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>The type is an integer type. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fFLT"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_FLT</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fFLT"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>A floating point type. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fVOID"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_VOID</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fVOID"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>The special type <code>void</code>. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fSET"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_SET</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fSET"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>A Pascal set type. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fRANGE"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_RANGE</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fRANGE"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>A range type, that is, an integer type with bounds. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fSTRING"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_STRING</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fSTRING"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>A string type. Note that this is only used for certain languages with |
| language-defined string types; C strings are not represented this way. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fBITSTRING"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_BITSTRING</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fBITSTRING"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>A string of bits. It is deprecated. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fERROR"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_ERROR</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fERROR"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>An unknown or erroneous type. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fMETHOD"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_METHOD</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fMETHOD"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>A method type, as found in C<tt>++</tt> or Java. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fMETHODPTR"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_METHODPTR</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fMETHODPTR"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>A pointer-to-member-function. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fMEMBERPTR"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_MEMBERPTR</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fMEMBERPTR"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>A pointer-to-member. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fREF"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_REF</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fREF"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>A reference type. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fCHAR"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_CHAR</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fCHAR"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>A character type. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fBOOL"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_BOOL</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fBOOL"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>A boolean type. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fCOMPLEX"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_COMPLEX</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fCOMPLEX"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>A complex float type. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fTYPEDEF"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_TYPEDEF</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fTYPEDEF"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>A typedef to some other type. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fNAMESPACE"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_NAMESPACE</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fNAMESPACE"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>A C<tt>++</tt> namespace. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fDECFLOAT"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_DECFLOAT</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fDECFLOAT"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>A decimal floating point type. |
| </p> |
| <a name="index-TYPE_005fCODE_005fINTERNAL_005fFUNCTION"></a> |
| </dd> |
| <dt><code>gdb.TYPE_CODE_INTERNAL_FUNCTION</code> |
| <a name="index-gdb_002eTYPE_005fCODE_005fINTERNAL_005fFUNCTION"></a> |
| </dt> |
| <dd><p>A function internal to <small>GDB</small>. This is the type used to represent |
| convenience functions. |
| </p></dd> |
| </dl> |
| |
| <p>Further support for types is provided in the <code>gdb.types</code> |
| Python module (see <a href="gdb_002etypes.html#gdb_002etypes">gdb.types</a>). |
| </p> |
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