aarch64-linux-gnu-4.9/share/doc/gdb/stabs/Methods.html - toolchains/linux-x86/gcc - Git at Google

 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
 <html>
 <!-- Copyright (C) 1992-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 Contributed by Cygnus Support.  Written by Julia Menapace, Jim Kingdon,
 and David MacKenzie.

 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
 any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
 Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover
 Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
 Free Documentation License". -->
 <!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 5.2, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ -->
 <head>
 <title>STABS: Methods</title>

 <meta name="description" content="STABS: Methods">
 <meta name="keywords" content="STABS: Methods">
 <meta name="resource-type" content="document">
 <meta name="distribution" content="global">
 <meta name="Generator" content="makeinfo">
 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
 <link href="index.html#Top" rel="start" title="Top">
 <link href="Symbol-Types-Index.html#Symbol-Types-Index" rel="index" title="Symbol Types Index">
 <link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents">
 <link href="Cplusplus.html#Cplusplus" rel="up" title="Cplusplus">
 <link href="Method-Type-Descriptor.html#Method-Type-Descriptor" rel="next" title="Method Type Descriptor">
 <link href="Class-Instance.html#Class-Instance" rel="prev" title="Class Instance">
 <style type="text/css">
 <!--
 a.summary-letter {text-decoration: none}
 blockquote.smallquotation {font-size: smaller}
 div.display {margin-left: 3.2em}
 div.example {margin-left: 3.2em}
 div.indentedblock {margin-left: 3.2em}
 div.lisp {margin-left: 3.2em}
 div.smalldisplay {margin-left: 3.2em}
 div.smallexample {margin-left: 3.2em}
 div.smallindentedblock {margin-left: 3.2em; font-size: smaller}
 div.smalllisp {margin-left: 3.2em}
 kbd {font-style:oblique}
 pre.display {font-family: inherit}
 pre.format {font-family: inherit}
 pre.menu-comment {font-family: serif}
 pre.menu-preformatted {font-family: serif}
 pre.smalldisplay {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller}
 pre.smallexample {font-size: smaller}
 pre.smallformat {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller}
 pre.smalllisp {font-size: smaller}
 span.nocodebreak {white-space:nowrap}
 span.nolinebreak {white-space:nowrap}
 span.roman {font-family:serif; font-weight:normal}
 span.sansserif {font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal}
 ul.no-bullet {list-style: none}
 -->
 </style>


 </head>

 <body lang="en" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#800080" alink="#FF0000">
 <a name="Methods"></a>
 <div class="header">
 <p>
 Next: <a href="Method-Type-Descriptor.html#Method-Type-Descriptor" accesskey="n" rel="next">Method Type Descriptor</a>, Previous: <a href="Class-Instance.html#Class-Instance" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Class Instance</a>, Up: <a href="Cplusplus.html#Cplusplus" accesskey="u" rel="up">Cplusplus</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Symbol-Types-Index.html#Symbol-Types-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <a name="Method-Definition"></a>
 <h3 class="section">8.6 Method Definition</h3>

 <p>The class definition shown above declares Ameth.  The C<tt>++</tt> source below
 defines Ameth:
 </p>
 <div class="example">
 <pre class="example">int
 baseA::Ameth(int in, char other)
 {
         return in;
 };
 </pre></div>


 <p>This method definition yields three stabs following the code of the
 method.  One stab describes the method itself and following two describe
 its parameters.  Although there is only one formal argument all methods
 have an implicit argument which is the <code>this</code> pointer.  The <code>this</code>
 pointer is a pointer to the object on which the method was called.  Note
 that the method name is mangled to encode the class name and argument
 types.  Name mangling is described in the <small>ARM</small> (<cite>The Annotated
 C++ Reference Manual</cite>, by Ellis and Stroustrup, <small>ISBN</small>
 0-201-51459-1); <samp>gpcompare.texi</samp> in Cygnus GCC distributions
 describes the differences between GNU mangling and <small>ARM</small>
 mangling.
 </p>
 <div class="example">
 <pre class="example">.stabs &quot;name:symbol_descriptor(global function)return_type(int)&quot;,
         N_FUN, NIL, NIL, code_addr_of_method_start

 .stabs &quot;Ameth__5baseAic:F1&quot;,36,0,0,_Ameth__5baseAic
 </pre></div>

 <p>Here is the stab for the <code>this</code> pointer implicit argument.  The
 name of the <code>this</code> pointer is always <code>this</code>.  Type 19, the
 <code>this</code> pointer is defined as a pointer to type 20, <code>baseA</code>,
 but a stab defining <code>baseA</code> has not yet been emitted.  Since the
 compiler knows it will be emitted shortly, here it just outputs a cross
 reference to the undefined symbol, by prefixing the symbol name with
 &lsquo;<samp>xs</samp>&rsquo;.
 </p>
 <div class="example">
 <pre class="example">.stabs &quot;name:sym_desc(register param)type_def(19)=
         type_desc(ptr to)type_ref(baseA)=
         type_desc(cross-reference to)baseA:&quot;,N_RSYM,NIL,NIL,register_number

 .stabs &quot;this:P19=*20=xsbaseA:&quot;,64,0,0,8
 </pre></div>

 <p>The stab for the explicit integer argument looks just like a parameter
 to a C function.  The last field of the stab is the offset from the
 argument pointer, which in most systems is the same as the frame
 pointer.
 </p>
 <div class="example">
 <pre class="example">.stabs &quot;name:sym_desc(value parameter)type_ref(int)&quot;,
         N_PSYM,NIL,NIL,offset_from_arg_ptr

 .stabs &quot;in:p1&quot;,160,0,0,72
 </pre></div>

 <p>&lt;&lt; The examples that follow are based on A1.C &gt;&gt;
 </p>
 <hr>
 <div class="header">
 <p>
 Next: <a href="Method-Type-Descriptor.html#Method-Type-Descriptor" accesskey="n" rel="next">Method Type Descriptor</a>, Previous: <a href="Class-Instance.html#Class-Instance" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Class Instance</a>, Up: <a href="Cplusplus.html#Cplusplus" accesskey="u" rel="up">Cplusplus</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Symbol-Types-Index.html#Symbol-Types-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
 </div>


 </body>
 </html>
	<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
	<html>
	<!-- Copyright (C) 1992-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
	Contributed by Cygnus Support. Written by Julia Menapace, Jim Kingdon,
	and David MacKenzie.

	Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
	under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or
	any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no
	Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no Back-Cover
	Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
	Free Documentation License". -->
	<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 5.2, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ -->
	<head>
	<title>STABS: Methods</title>

	<meta name="description" content="STABS: Methods">
	<meta name="keywords" content="STABS: Methods">
	<meta name="resource-type" content="document">
	<meta name="distribution" content="global">
	<meta name="Generator" content="makeinfo">
	<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
	<link href="index.html#Top" rel="start" title="Top">
	<link href="Symbol-Types-Index.html#Symbol-Types-Index" rel="index" title="Symbol Types Index">
	<link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents">
	<link href="Cplusplus.html#Cplusplus" rel="up" title="Cplusplus">
	<link href="Method-Type-Descriptor.html#Method-Type-Descriptor" rel="next" title="Method Type Descriptor">
	<link href="Class-Instance.html#Class-Instance" rel="prev" title="Class Instance">
	<style type="text/css">
	<!--
	a.summary-letter {text-decoration: none}
	blockquote.smallquotation {font-size: smaller}
	div.display {margin-left: 3.2em}
	div.example {margin-left: 3.2em}
	div.indentedblock {margin-left: 3.2em}
	div.lisp {margin-left: 3.2em}
	div.smalldisplay {margin-left: 3.2em}
	div.smallexample {margin-left: 3.2em}
	div.smallindentedblock {margin-left: 3.2em; font-size: smaller}
	div.smalllisp {margin-left: 3.2em}
	kbd {font-style:oblique}
	pre.display {font-family: inherit}
	pre.format {font-family: inherit}
	pre.menu-comment {font-family: serif}
	pre.menu-preformatted {font-family: serif}
	pre.smalldisplay {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller}
	pre.smallexample {font-size: smaller}
	pre.smallformat {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller}
	pre.smalllisp {font-size: smaller}
	span.nocodebreak {white-space:nowrap}
	span.nolinebreak {white-space:nowrap}
	span.roman {font-family:serif; font-weight:normal}
	span.sansserif {font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal}
	ul.no-bullet {list-style: none}
	-->
	</style>


	</head>

	<body lang="en" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#800080" alink="#FF0000">
	<a name="Methods"></a>
	<div class="header">
	<p>
	Next: <a href="Method-Type-Descriptor.html#Method-Type-Descriptor" accesskey="n" rel="next">Method Type Descriptor</a>, Previous: <a href="Class-Instance.html#Class-Instance" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Class Instance</a>, Up: <a href="Cplusplus.html#Cplusplus" accesskey="u" rel="up">Cplusplus</a>   [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Symbol-Types-Index.html#Symbol-Types-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
	</div>
	<hr>
	<a name="Method-Definition"></a>
	<h3 class="section">8.6 Method Definition</h3>

	<p>The class definition shown above declares Ameth. The C<tt>++</tt> source below
	defines Ameth:
	</p>
	<div class="example">
	<pre class="example">int
	baseA::Ameth(int in, char other)
	{
	return in;
	};
	</pre></div>


	<p>This method definition yields three stabs following the code of the
	method. One stab describes the method itself and following two describe
	its parameters. Although there is only one formal argument all methods
	have an implicit argument which is the <code>this</code> pointer. The <code>this</code>
	pointer is a pointer to the object on which the method was called. Note
	that the method name is mangled to encode the class name and argument
	types. Name mangling is described in the <small>ARM</small> (<cite>The Annotated
	C++ Reference Manual</cite>, by Ellis and Stroustrup, <small>ISBN</small>
	0-201-51459-1); <samp>gpcompare.texi</samp> in Cygnus GCC distributions
	describes the differences between GNU mangling and <small>ARM</small>
	mangling.
	</p>
	<div class="example">
	<pre class="example">.stabs "name:symbol_descriptor(global function)return_type(int)",
	N_FUN, NIL, NIL, code_addr_of_method_start

	.stabs "Ameth__5baseAic:F1",36,0,0,_Ameth__5baseAic
	</pre></div>

	<p>Here is the stab for the <code>this</code> pointer implicit argument. The
	name of the <code>this</code> pointer is always <code>this</code>. Type 19, the
	<code>this</code> pointer is defined as a pointer to type 20, <code>baseA</code>,
	but a stab defining <code>baseA</code> has not yet been emitted. Since the
	compiler knows it will be emitted shortly, here it just outputs a cross
	reference to the undefined symbol, by prefixing the symbol name with
	‘<samp>xs</samp>’.
	</p>
	<div class="example">
	<pre class="example">.stabs "name:sym_desc(register param)type_def(19)=
	type_desc(ptr to)type_ref(baseA)=
	type_desc(cross-reference to)baseA:",N_RSYM,NIL,NIL,register_number

	.stabs "this:P19=*20=xsbaseA:",64,0,0,8
	</pre></div>

	<p>The stab for the explicit integer argument looks just like a parameter
	to a C function. The last field of the stab is the offset from the
	argument pointer, which in most systems is the same as the frame
	pointer.
	</p>
	<div class="example">
	<pre class="example">.stabs "name:sym_desc(value parameter)type_ref(int)",
	N_PSYM,NIL,NIL,offset_from_arg_ptr

	.stabs "in:p1",160,0,0,72
	</pre></div>

	<p><< The examples that follow are based on A1.C >>
	</p>
	<hr>
	<div class="header">
	<p>
	Next: <a href="Method-Type-Descriptor.html#Method-Type-Descriptor" accesskey="n" rel="next">Method Type Descriptor</a>, Previous: <a href="Class-Instance.html#Class-Instance" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Class Instance</a>, Up: <a href="Cplusplus.html#Cplusplus" accesskey="u" rel="up">Cplusplus</a>   [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Symbol-Types-Index.html#Symbol-Types-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p>
	</div>



	</body>
	</html>