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| Next: <a href="Preprocessing-and-conditional-compilation.html#Preprocessing-and-conditional-compilation" accesskey="n" rel="next">Preprocessing and conditional compilation</a>, Previous: <a href="About-GNU-Fortran.html#About-GNU-Fortran" accesskey="p" rel="prev">About GNU Fortran</a>, Up: <a href="Introduction.html#Introduction" accesskey="u" rel="up">Introduction</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Option-Index.html#Option-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> |
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| <a name="GNU-Fortran-and-GCC-1"></a> |
| <h3 class="section">1.2 GNU Fortran and GCC</h3> |
| <a name="index-GNU-Compiler-Collection"></a> |
| <a name="index-GCC"></a> |
| |
| <p>GNU Fortran is a part of GCC, the <em>GNU Compiler Collection</em>. GCC |
| consists of a collection of front ends for various languages, which |
| translate the source code into a language-independent form called |
| <em>GENERIC</em>. This is then processed by a common middle end which |
| provides optimization, and then passed to one of a collection of back |
| ends which generate code for different computer architectures and |
| operating systems. |
| </p> |
| <p>Functionally, this is implemented with a driver program (<code>gcc</code>) |
| which provides the command-line interface for the compiler. It calls |
| the relevant compiler front-end program (e.g., <code>f951</code> for |
| Fortran) for each file in the source code, and then calls the assembler |
| and linker as appropriate to produce the compiled output. In a copy of |
| GCC which has been compiled with Fortran language support enabled, |
| <code>gcc</code> will recognize files with <samp>.f</samp>, <samp>.for</samp>, <samp>.ftn</samp>, |
| <samp>.f90</samp>, <samp>.f95</samp>, <samp>.f03</samp> and <samp>.f08</samp> extensions as |
| Fortran source code, and compile it accordingly. A <code>gfortran</code> |
| driver program is also provided, which is identical to <code>gcc</code> |
| except that it automatically links the Fortran runtime libraries into the |
| compiled program. |
| </p> |
| <p>Source files with <samp>.f</samp>, <samp>.for</samp>, <samp>.fpp</samp>, <samp>.ftn</samp>, <samp>.F</samp>, |
| <samp>.FOR</samp>, <samp>.FPP</samp>, and <samp>.FTN</samp> extensions are treated as fixed form. |
| Source files with <samp>.f90</samp>, <samp>.f95</samp>, <samp>.f03</samp>, <samp>.f08</samp>, |
| <samp>.F90</samp>, <samp>.F95</samp>, <samp>.F03</samp> and <samp>.F08</samp> extensions are |
| treated as free form. The capitalized versions of either form are run |
| through preprocessing. Source files with the lower case <samp>.fpp</samp> |
| extension are also run through preprocessing. |
| </p> |
| <p>This manual specifically documents the Fortran front end, which handles |
| the programming language’s syntax and semantics. The aspects of GCC |
| which relate to the optimization passes and the back-end code generation |
| are documented in the GCC manual; see |
| <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/index.html#Top">Introduction</a> in <cite>Using the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC)</cite>. |
| The two manuals together provide a complete reference for the GNU |
| Fortran compiler. |
| </p> |
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| Next: <a href="Preprocessing-and-conditional-compilation.html#Preprocessing-and-conditional-compilation" accesskey="n" rel="next">Preprocessing and conditional compilation</a>, Previous: <a href="About-GNU-Fortran.html#About-GNU-Fortran" accesskey="p" rel="prev">About GNU Fortran</a>, Up: <a href="Introduction.html#Introduction" accesskey="u" rel="up">Introduction</a> [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>][<a href="Option-Index.html#Option-Index" title="Index" rel="index">Index</a>]</p> |
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