aarch64-linux-gnu-4.9/share/doc/gprof.html/Callers.html - toolchains/linux-x86/gcc - Git at Google

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 <a name="Callers"></a>
 <div class="header">
 <p>
 Next: <a href="Subroutines.html#Subroutines" accesskey="n" rel="next">Subroutines</a>, Previous: <a href="Primary.html#Primary" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Primary</a>, Up: <a href="Call-Graph.html#Call-Graph" accesskey="u" rel="up">Call Graph</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>]</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <a name="Lines-for-a-Function_0027s-Callers"></a>
 <h4 class="subsection">5.2.2 Lines for a Function&rsquo;s Callers</h4>

 <p>A function&rsquo;s entry has a line for each function it was called by.
 These lines&rsquo; fields correspond to the fields of the primary line, but
 their meanings are different because of the difference in context.
 </p>
 <p>For reference, we repeat two lines from the entry for the function
 <code>report</code>, the primary line and one caller-line preceding it, together
 with the heading line that shows the names of the fields:
 </p>
 <div class="smallexample">
 <pre class="smallexample">index  % time    self  children called     name
 &hellip;
                 0.00    0.05       1/1           main [2]
 [3]    100.0    0.00    0.05       1         report [3]
 </pre></div>

 <p>Here are the meanings of the fields in the caller-line for <code>report</code>
 called from <code>main</code>:
 </p>
 <dl compact="compact">
 <dt><code>self</code></dt>
 <dd><p>An estimate of the amount of time spent in <code>report</code> itself when it was
 called from <code>main</code>.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt><code>children</code></dt>
 <dd><p>An estimate of the amount of time spent in subroutines of <code>report</code>
 when <code>report</code> was called from <code>main</code>.
 </p>
 <p>The sum of the <code>self</code> and <code>children</code> fields is an estimate
 of the amount of time spent within calls to <code>report</code> from <code>main</code>.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt><code>called</code></dt>
 <dd><p>Two numbers: the number of times <code>report</code> was called from <code>main</code>,
 followed by the total number of non-recursive calls to <code>report</code> from
 all its callers.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt><code>name and index number</code></dt>
 <dd><p>The name of the caller of <code>report</code> to which this line applies,
 followed by the caller&rsquo;s index number.
 </p>
 <p>Not all functions have entries in the call graph; some
 options to <code>gprof</code> request the omission of certain functions.
 When a caller has no entry of its own, it still has caller-lines
 in the entries of the functions it calls.
 </p>
 <p>If the caller is part of a recursion cycle, the cycle number is
 printed between the name and the index number.
 </p></dd>
 </dl>

 <p>If the identity of the callers of a function cannot be determined, a
 dummy caller-line is printed which has &lsquo;<samp>&lt;spontaneous&gt;</samp>&rsquo; as the
 &ldquo;caller&rsquo;s name&rdquo; and all other fields blank.  This can happen for
 signal handlers.
 </p>
 <hr>
 <div class="header">
 <p>
 Next: <a href="Subroutines.html#Subroutines" accesskey="n" rel="next">Subroutines</a>, Previous: <a href="Primary.html#Primary" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Primary</a>, Up: <a href="Call-Graph.html#Call-Graph" accesskey="u" rel="up">Call Graph</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>]</p>
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	<a name="Callers"></a>
	<div class="header">
	<p>
	Next: <a href="Subroutines.html#Subroutines" accesskey="n" rel="next">Subroutines</a>, Previous: <a href="Primary.html#Primary" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Primary</a>, Up: <a href="Call-Graph.html#Call-Graph" accesskey="u" rel="up">Call Graph</a>   [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>]</p>
	</div>
	<hr>
	<a name="Lines-for-a-Function_0027s-Callers"></a>
	<h4 class="subsection">5.2.2 Lines for a Function’s Callers</h4>

	<p>A function’s entry has a line for each function it was called by.
	These lines’ fields correspond to the fields of the primary line, but
	their meanings are different because of the difference in context.
	</p>
	<p>For reference, we repeat two lines from the entry for the function
	<code>report</code>, the primary line and one caller-line preceding it, together
	with the heading line that shows the names of the fields:
	</p>
	<div class="smallexample">
	<pre class="smallexample">index % time self children called name
	…
	0.00 0.05 1/1 main [2]
	[3] 100.0 0.00 0.05 1 report [3]
	</pre></div>

	<p>Here are the meanings of the fields in the caller-line for <code>report</code>
	called from <code>main</code>:
	</p>
	<dl compact="compact">
	<dt><code>self</code></dt>
	<dd><p>An estimate of the amount of time spent in <code>report</code> itself when it was
	called from <code>main</code>.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt><code>children</code></dt>
	<dd><p>An estimate of the amount of time spent in subroutines of <code>report</code>
	when <code>report</code> was called from <code>main</code>.
	</p>
	<p>The sum of the <code>self</code> and <code>children</code> fields is an estimate
	of the amount of time spent within calls to <code>report</code> from <code>main</code>.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt><code>called</code></dt>
	<dd><p>Two numbers: the number of times <code>report</code> was called from <code>main</code>,
	followed by the total number of non-recursive calls to <code>report</code> from
	all its callers.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt><code>name and index number</code></dt>
	<dd><p>The name of the caller of <code>report</code> to which this line applies,
	followed by the caller’s index number.
	</p>
	<p>Not all functions have entries in the call graph; some
	options to <code>gprof</code> request the omission of certain functions.
	When a caller has no entry of its own, it still has caller-lines
	in the entries of the functions it calls.
	</p>
	<p>If the caller is part of a recursion cycle, the cycle number is
	printed between the name and the index number.
	</p></dd>
	</dl>

	<p>If the identity of the callers of a function cannot be determined, a
	dummy caller-line is printed which has ‘<samp><spontaneous></samp>’ as the
	“caller’s name” and all other fields blank. This can happen for
	signal handlers.
	</p>
	<hr>
	<div class="header">
	<p>
	Next: <a href="Subroutines.html#Subroutines" accesskey="n" rel="next">Subroutines</a>, Previous: <a href="Primary.html#Primary" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Primary</a>, Up: <a href="Call-Graph.html#Call-Graph" accesskey="u" rel="up">Call Graph</a>   [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>]</p>
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