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| <a name="Preprocessing-and-conditional-compilation"></a> |
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| <a name="Preprocessing-and-conditional-compilation-1"></a> |
| <h3 class="section">1.3 Preprocessing and conditional compilation</h3> |
| <a name="index-CPP"></a> |
| <a name="index-FPP"></a> |
| <a name="index-Conditional-compilation"></a> |
| <a name="index-Preprocessing"></a> |
| <a name="index-preprocessor_002c-include-file-handling"></a> |
| |
| <p>Many Fortran compilers including GNU Fortran allow passing the source code |
| through a C preprocessor (CPP; sometimes also called the Fortran preprocessor, |
| FPP) to allow for conditional compilation. In the case of GNU Fortran, |
| this is the GNU C Preprocessor in the traditional mode. On systems with |
| case-preserving file names, the preprocessor is automatically invoked if the |
| filename extension is <samp>.F</samp>, <samp>.FOR</samp>, <samp>.FTN</samp>, <samp>.fpp</samp>, |
| <samp>.FPP</samp>, <samp>.F90</samp>, <samp>.F95</samp>, <samp>.F03</samp> or <samp>.F08</samp>. To manually |
| invoke the preprocessor on any file, use <samp>-cpp</samp>, to disable |
| preprocessing on files where the preprocessor is run automatically, use |
| <samp>-nocpp</samp>. |
| </p> |
| <p>If a preprocessed file includes another file with the Fortran <code>INCLUDE</code> |
| statement, the included file is not preprocessed. To preprocess included |
| files, use the equivalent preprocessor statement <code>#include</code>. |
| </p> |
| <p>If GNU Fortran invokes the preprocessor, <code>__GFORTRAN__</code> |
| is defined and <code>__GNUC__</code>, <code>__GNUC_MINOR__</code> and |
| <code>__GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__</code> can be used to determine the version of the |
| compiler. See <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/cpp/index.html#Top">Overview</a> in <cite>The C Preprocessor</cite> for details. |
| </p> |
| <p>While CPP is the de-facto standard for preprocessing Fortran code, |
| Part 3 of the Fortran 95 standard (ISO/IEC 1539-3:1998) defines |
| Conditional Compilation, which is not widely used and not directly |
| supported by the GNU Fortran compiler. You can use the program coco |
| to preprocess such files (<a href="http://www.daniellnagle.com/coco.html">http://www.daniellnagle.com/coco.html</a>). |
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