aarch64-linux-gnu-5.1/share/doc/gprof.html/Callers.html - toolchains/linux-x86/gcc - Git at Google

 <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
 <html>
 <!-- This file documents the gprof profiler of the GNU system.

 Copyright (C) 1988-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
 with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no
 Back-Cover Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the
 section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".
  -->
 <!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 5.2, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ -->
 <head>
 <title>GNU gprof: Callers</title>

 <meta name="description" content="GNU gprof: Callers">
 <meta name="keywords" content="GNU gprof: Callers">
 <meta name="resource-type" content="document">
 <meta name="distribution" content="global">
 <meta name="Generator" content="makeinfo">
 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
 <link href="index.html#Top" rel="start" title="Top">
 <link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents">
 <link href="Call-Graph.html#Call-Graph" rel="up" title="Call Graph">
 <link href="Subroutines.html#Subroutines" rel="next" title="Subroutines">
 <link href="Primary.html#Primary" rel="prev" title="Primary">
 <style type="text/css">
 <!--
 a.summary-letter {text-decoration: none}
 blockquote.smallquotation {font-size: smaller}
 div.display {margin-left: 3.2em}
 div.example {margin-left: 3.2em}
 div.indentedblock {margin-left: 3.2em}
 div.lisp {margin-left: 3.2em}
 div.smalldisplay {margin-left: 3.2em}
 div.smallexample {margin-left: 3.2em}
 div.smallindentedblock {margin-left: 3.2em; font-size: smaller}
 div.smalllisp {margin-left: 3.2em}
 kbd {font-style:oblique}
 pre.display {font-family: inherit}
 pre.format {font-family: inherit}
 pre.menu-comment {font-family: serif}
 pre.menu-preformatted {font-family: serif}
 pre.smalldisplay {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller}
 pre.smallexample {font-size: smaller}
 pre.smallformat {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller}
 pre.smalllisp {font-size: smaller}
 span.nocodebreak {white-space:nowrap}
 span.nolinebreak {white-space:nowrap}
 span.roman {font-family:serif; font-weight:normal}
 span.sansserif {font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal}
 ul.no-bullet {list-style: none}
 -->
 </style>


 </head>

 <body lang="en" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#800080" alink="#FF0000">
 <a name="Callers"></a>
 <div class="header">
 <p>
 Next: <a href="Subroutines.html#Subroutines" accesskey="n" rel="next">Subroutines</a>, Previous: <a href="Primary.html#Primary" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Primary</a>, Up: <a href="Call-Graph.html#Call-Graph" accesskey="u" rel="up">Call Graph</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>]</p>
 </div>
 <hr>
 <a name="Lines-for-a-Function_0027s-Callers"></a>
 <h4 class="subsection">5.2.2 Lines for a Function&rsquo;s Callers</h4>

 <p>A function&rsquo;s entry has a line for each function it was called by.
 These lines&rsquo; fields correspond to the fields of the primary line, but
 their meanings are different because of the difference in context.
 </p>
 <p>For reference, we repeat two lines from the entry for the function
 <code>report</code>, the primary line and one caller-line preceding it, together
 with the heading line that shows the names of the fields:
 </p>
 <div class="smallexample">
 <pre class="smallexample">index  % time    self  children called     name
 &hellip;
                 0.00    0.05       1/1           main [2]
 [3]    100.0    0.00    0.05       1         report [3]
 </pre></div>

 <p>Here are the meanings of the fields in the caller-line for <code>report</code>
 called from <code>main</code>:
 </p>
 <dl compact="compact">
 <dt><code>self</code></dt>
 <dd><p>An estimate of the amount of time spent in <code>report</code> itself when it was
 called from <code>main</code>.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt><code>children</code></dt>
 <dd><p>An estimate of the amount of time spent in subroutines of <code>report</code>
 when <code>report</code> was called from <code>main</code>.
 </p>
 <p>The sum of the <code>self</code> and <code>children</code> fields is an estimate
 of the amount of time spent within calls to <code>report</code> from <code>main</code>.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt><code>called</code></dt>
 <dd><p>Two numbers: the number of times <code>report</code> was called from <code>main</code>,
 followed by the total number of non-recursive calls to <code>report</code> from
 all its callers.
 </p>
 </dd>
 <dt><code>name and index number</code></dt>
 <dd><p>The name of the caller of <code>report</code> to which this line applies,
 followed by the caller&rsquo;s index number.
 </p>
 <p>Not all functions have entries in the call graph; some
 options to <code>gprof</code> request the omission of certain functions.
 When a caller has no entry of its own, it still has caller-lines
 in the entries of the functions it calls.
 </p>
 <p>If the caller is part of a recursion cycle, the cycle number is
 printed between the name and the index number.
 </p></dd>
 </dl>

 <p>If the identity of the callers of a function cannot be determined, a
 dummy caller-line is printed which has &lsquo;<samp>&lt;spontaneous&gt;</samp>&rsquo; as the
 &ldquo;caller&rsquo;s name&rdquo; and all other fields blank.  This can happen for
 signal handlers.
 </p>
 <hr>
 <div class="header">
 <p>
 Next: <a href="Subroutines.html#Subroutines" accesskey="n" rel="next">Subroutines</a>, Previous: <a href="Primary.html#Primary" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Primary</a>, Up: <a href="Call-Graph.html#Call-Graph" accesskey="u" rel="up">Call Graph</a> &nbsp; [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>]</p>
 </div>


 </body>
 </html>
	<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
	<html>
	<!-- This file documents the gprof profiler of the GNU system.

	Copyright (C) 1988-2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

	Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
	under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
	or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
	with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no
	Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the
	section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".
	-->
	<!-- Created by GNU Texinfo 5.2, http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/ -->
	<head>
	<title>GNU gprof: Callers</title>

	<meta name="description" content="GNU gprof: Callers">
	<meta name="keywords" content="GNU gprof: Callers">
	<meta name="resource-type" content="document">
	<meta name="distribution" content="global">
	<meta name="Generator" content="makeinfo">
	<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
	<link href="index.html#Top" rel="start" title="Top">
	<link href="index.html#SEC_Contents" rel="contents" title="Table of Contents">
	<link href="Call-Graph.html#Call-Graph" rel="up" title="Call Graph">
	<link href="Subroutines.html#Subroutines" rel="next" title="Subroutines">
	<link href="Primary.html#Primary" rel="prev" title="Primary">
	<style type="text/css">
	<!--
	a.summary-letter {text-decoration: none}
	blockquote.smallquotation {font-size: smaller}
	div.display {margin-left: 3.2em}
	div.example {margin-left: 3.2em}
	div.indentedblock {margin-left: 3.2em}
	div.lisp {margin-left: 3.2em}
	div.smalldisplay {margin-left: 3.2em}
	div.smallexample {margin-left: 3.2em}
	div.smallindentedblock {margin-left: 3.2em; font-size: smaller}
	div.smalllisp {margin-left: 3.2em}
	kbd {font-style:oblique}
	pre.display {font-family: inherit}
	pre.format {font-family: inherit}
	pre.menu-comment {font-family: serif}
	pre.menu-preformatted {font-family: serif}
	pre.smalldisplay {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller}
	pre.smallexample {font-size: smaller}
	pre.smallformat {font-family: inherit; font-size: smaller}
	pre.smalllisp {font-size: smaller}
	span.nocodebreak {white-space:nowrap}
	span.nolinebreak {white-space:nowrap}
	span.roman {font-family:serif; font-weight:normal}
	span.sansserif {font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal}
	ul.no-bullet {list-style: none}
	-->
	</style>


	</head>

	<body lang="en" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000" link="#0000FF" vlink="#800080" alink="#FF0000">
	<a name="Callers"></a>
	<div class="header">
	<p>
	Next: <a href="Subroutines.html#Subroutines" accesskey="n" rel="next">Subroutines</a>, Previous: <a href="Primary.html#Primary" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Primary</a>, Up: <a href="Call-Graph.html#Call-Graph" accesskey="u" rel="up">Call Graph</a>   [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>]</p>
	</div>
	<hr>
	<a name="Lines-for-a-Function_0027s-Callers"></a>
	<h4 class="subsection">5.2.2 Lines for a Function’s Callers</h4>

	<p>A function’s entry has a line for each function it was called by.
	These lines’ fields correspond to the fields of the primary line, but
	their meanings are different because of the difference in context.
	</p>
	<p>For reference, we repeat two lines from the entry for the function
	<code>report</code>, the primary line and one caller-line preceding it, together
	with the heading line that shows the names of the fields:
	</p>
	<div class="smallexample">
	<pre class="smallexample">index % time self children called name
	…
	0.00 0.05 1/1 main [2]
	[3] 100.0 0.00 0.05 1 report [3]
	</pre></div>

	<p>Here are the meanings of the fields in the caller-line for <code>report</code>
	called from <code>main</code>:
	</p>
	<dl compact="compact">
	<dt><code>self</code></dt>
	<dd><p>An estimate of the amount of time spent in <code>report</code> itself when it was
	called from <code>main</code>.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt><code>children</code></dt>
	<dd><p>An estimate of the amount of time spent in subroutines of <code>report</code>
	when <code>report</code> was called from <code>main</code>.
	</p>
	<p>The sum of the <code>self</code> and <code>children</code> fields is an estimate
	of the amount of time spent within calls to <code>report</code> from <code>main</code>.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt><code>called</code></dt>
	<dd><p>Two numbers: the number of times <code>report</code> was called from <code>main</code>,
	followed by the total number of non-recursive calls to <code>report</code> from
	all its callers.
	</p>
	</dd>
	<dt><code>name and index number</code></dt>
	<dd><p>The name of the caller of <code>report</code> to which this line applies,
	followed by the caller’s index number.
	</p>
	<p>Not all functions have entries in the call graph; some
	options to <code>gprof</code> request the omission of certain functions.
	When a caller has no entry of its own, it still has caller-lines
	in the entries of the functions it calls.
	</p>
	<p>If the caller is part of a recursion cycle, the cycle number is
	printed between the name and the index number.
	</p></dd>
	</dl>

	<p>If the identity of the callers of a function cannot be determined, a
	dummy caller-line is printed which has ‘<samp><spontaneous></samp>’ as the
	“caller’s name” and all other fields blank. This can happen for
	signal handlers.
	</p>
	<hr>
	<div class="header">
	<p>
	Next: <a href="Subroutines.html#Subroutines" accesskey="n" rel="next">Subroutines</a>, Previous: <a href="Primary.html#Primary" accesskey="p" rel="prev">Primary</a>, Up: <a href="Call-Graph.html#Call-Graph" accesskey="u" rel="up">Call Graph</a>   [<a href="index.html#SEC_Contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">Contents</a>]</p>
	</div>



	</body>
	</html>